Ariete 0158 User Manual
Displayed below is the user manual for 0158 by Ariete which is a product in the Toasters category. This manual has pages.
Related Manuals
De’ Longhi Appliances Srl
Divisione Commerciale Ariete
Via San Quirico, 300
50013 Campi Bisenzio (FI)
E-Mail: info@ariete.net
Internet: www.ariete.net
COD. 6235106800 REV. 0 del 27/06/2018
MOD. 158
827070
Tostapane
Toaster
Grille-pain
Toaster
Tostadora
Torradeira
Toaster
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ɭɩɬɭɠɫ
ةيئابرهك زبخ ةصمحم
Tostery
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ABOUT THIS MANUAL
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IMPORTANT SAFEGUARDS
Read these instructions carefully.
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SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS FOR FUTURE REFERENCE
DESCRIPTION OF THE APPLIANCE
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OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Do not use slices of bread too thin or broken.
Do not put too bulky foods.
Warning
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FIRST USE
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ACERCA DE ESTE MANUAL
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ADVERTENCIAS IMPORTANTES PARA LA SEGURIDAD
Leer atentamente estas instrucciones.
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Peligro para los niños
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SOBRE ESTE MANUAL
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Ler cuidadosamente estas instruções.
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24
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OVER DEZE HANDLEIDING
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URSHVHUHJHOJHYLQJ HQ]LMQDOOH SRWHQWLHHOJHYDDUOLMNH GHOHQEHYHLOLJG PRHWHQGH]H LQVWUXFWLHV
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BEDOELD GEBRUIK
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BELANGRIJKE WAARSCHUWINGEN
Lees deze instructies aandachtig door.
'LWDSSDUDDWLVXLWVOXLWHQGYRRUSULYpJHEUXLNRQWZRUSHQHQPRHWGXVDOVRQJH-
VFKLNWZRUGHQJHDFKWYRRUFRPPHUFLsOHRILQGXVWULHHOJHEUXLN
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ZRUGHQYHUULFKWGRRUHHQVHUYLFHGLHQVWRIGRRUYDNPHQVHQ
Gevaar voor kinderen
+HWDSSDUDDWNDQZRUGHQJHEUXLNWGRRUNLQGHUHQGLHRXGHU]LMQGDQMDDUHQ
GRRUSHUVRQHQPHWEHSHUNWHOLFKDPHOLMNH]LQWXLJOLMNHRIJHHVWHOLMNHYHUPRJHQV
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GDQMDDU
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HHQEURQYDQJHYDDUNXQQHQYRUPHQ
Gevaar als gevolg van elektriciteit
'RRUHYHQWXHOHZLM]LJLQJHQDDQGLWSURGXFWZDDUYRRUGHIDEULNDQWJHHQXLWGUXN-
NHOLMNHWRHVWHPPLQJKHHIWJHJHYHQZRUGWGHYHLOLJKHLGHUYDQQLHWODQJHUJHJD-
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WMHDDQJHJHYHQVSDQQLQJRYHUHHQNRPWPHWGHVSDQQLQJYDQKHWORNDOHOLFKWQHW
6OXLWKHWDSSDUDDWDOWLMGDDQRSHHQJHDDUGVWRSFRQWDFW
28
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2RNZDQQHHUKHWDSSDUDDWQLHWZHUNWKDDOWXGHVWHNNHUXLWKHWVWRSFRQWDFWYRRUGDW
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VFKRRQPDDNW
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/DDWGH VWURRPNDEHOQLHW LQGH EXXUW YDQ VFKHUSH KRHNHQ RI VFKHUSH GHOHQ
ORSHQ
Gevaar voor materiële schade
'RPSHOGHEHKXL]LQJYDQKHWSURGXFWGHVWHNNHUHQGHVWURRPNDEHOQRRLWLQ
ZDWHURIDQGHUHYORHLVWRIIHQ*HEUXLNHHQYRFKWLJGRHNMHRP]HVFKRRQWHPD-
NHQ
=HWKHWDSSDUDDWQLHWRSRILQGHEXXUWYDQZDUPWHEURQQHQ
%URRGNDQYHUEUDQGHQ%URRGURRVWHUVPRJHQGXVQLHWRQGHURIQDDVWEUDQGED-
UHPDWHULDOHQ]RDOVJRUGLMQHQZRUGHQJHEUXLNW
6WHHNQLHWPHHUGDQWZHHVQHHWMHVLQLHGHUHVOHXI
6WHHNGHKDQGHQQLHWLQGHEURRGURRVWHUHQRRNJHHQPHWDOHQYRRUZHUSHQELM-
YRRUEHHOGPHVVHQRIDOXPLQLXPIROLH
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PDNHQGRRUKHWVWURRPVQRHUGRRUWHVQLMGHQ9HUGHUEHYHOHQZLMDDQRPGHGHOHQ
YDQKHWDSSDUDDWGLHJHYDDUNXQQHQRSOHYHUHQRQVFKDGHOLMNWHPDNHQPHWQDPH
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(8DI WH GDQNHQZRUGW X YHU]RFKW KHW ELM KHW SURGXFW JHYRHJGH
EODDGMHWHOH]HQ
BEWAAR DEZE INSTRUCTIES ALTIJD
BESCHRIJVING VAN HET APPARAAT
$ %URRGNOHPPHQ
% ,QVFKDNHONQRS
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29
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WAARSCHUWINGEN MET BETREKKING TOT DE WERKING
Gebruik geen te dunne of kapotte sneetjes brood.
Steek geen te grote voedingsmiddelen in de broodrooster.
Let op
6WHHNJHHQYRHGLQJVPLGGHOHQLQ GHEURRGURRVWHUGLHWLMGHQV KHW URRVWHUHQNXQQHQJDDQ
GUXSSHOHQ%HKDOYHGDWGLWGHUHLQLJLQJVZHUN]DDPKHGHQPRHLOLMNPDDNWNDQKHWEUDQGYHU-
RRU]DNHQ2QWGRHGHNUXLPHOODGHYRRULHGHUJHEUXLNYDQHYHQWXHOHHWHQVUHVWHQHQEURRG-
NUXLPHOV
Gevaar - Risico voor elektrische schok
6WHHNJHHQYRUNHQRIDQGHUNHXNHQJHUHLLQKHWDSSDUDDW+LHUGRRUNXQQHQGHZHHUVWDQGHQ
YDQKHWDSSDUDDWEHVFKDGLJGUDNHQHQNDQJHYDDUYRRUHOHNWULVFKHVFKRNRQWVWDDQ
EERSTE GEBRUIK
%LMKHWHHUVWHJHEUXLNZRUGWDDQJHUDGHQKHWDSSDUDDWHQNHOHPLQXWHQLQJHVFKDNHOGWHKRXGHQRP
GHJHXUYDQ³QLHXZ´WHYHUZLMGHUHQ:DQQHHUXKHWVWULMNLM]HUYRRUGHHHUVWHNHHUJHEUXLNWNDQKHW
YRRUNRPHQGDWHUURRNXLWNRPW
BROOD ROOSTEREN
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PHQ$JHEUXLNHQ
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=HWGHLQVFKDNHONQRS%RPODDJ
4)
1DHQNHOHPLQXWHQLVKHWEURRGJHURRVWHUGHQVSULQJHQGHVQHHWMHVRIGHEURRGNOHPPHQRPKRRJ
1DKHWJHEUXLNGUXNWXRSGHNQRS(RPKHWDSSDUDDWXLWWHVFKDNHOHQ
=HWKHWDSSDUDDWXLWGRRURSGHVFKDNHODDUWHGUXNNHQ9HUZLMGHUHYHQWXHOHUHVWHQXLWGHNUXLPHO-
ODGH,
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ONTDOOIFUNCTIE
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JHEUXLNHQ
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QLYHDXVLQ
30
NL
VERWARMINGSFUNCTIE
8NXQWKHWDSSDUDDWJHEUXLNHQRPVQHHWMHVEURRGWHYHUZDUPHQ
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GXXUYDQGHYHUZDUPLQJEUDQGHQ
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REINIGING EN ONDERHOUD
5HJHOPDWLJRQGHUKRXGHQHHQUHJHOPDWLJHUHLQLJLQJ]RUJHQHUYRRUGDWKHWDSSDUDDWODQJLQJRHGH
VWDDWEHKRXGHQEOLMIWHQJRHGEOLMIWZHUNHQ
Gevaar - Risico voor elektrische schok
$OOHKLHURQGHUDDQJHJHYHQUHLQLJLQJVKDQGHOLQJHQPRHWHQZRUGHQYHUULFKWELMXLWJHVFKDNHOG
DSSDUDDWHQPHWGHVWHNNHUXLWKHWVWRSFRQWDFW
Let op - Gevaar voor brandwonden
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YROOHGLJLVDIJHNRHOG
Let op – Gevaar voor materiële schade
'RPSHOGHEDVLVQLHWLQZDWHU*HEUXLNJHHQDJUHVVLHYHUHLQLJLQJVPLGGHOHQRIRSORVPLGGH-
OHQRPGDWGLHKHWSODVWLFNXQQHQEHVFKDGLJHQ
*HEUXLNQRRLWPHWDOHQRIVFKHUSJHUHHGVFKDSRPGHELQQHQNDQWYDQKHWDSSDUDDWVFKRRQ
WHPDNHQ
1DLHGHUJHEUXLNYDQKHWDSSDUDDWPDDNWXGHNUXLPHOODGHOHHJHQVFKRRQ,
0DDNKHWDSSDUDDWVFKRRQPHWHHQYRFKWLJQLHWVFKXUHQGGRHNMHGDWPHWZDWHUHQHQNHOHGUXS-
SHOVQLHWDJUHVVLHIUHLQLJLQJVPLGGHOLVEHYRFKWLJG
'URRJKHWDSSDUDDWPHWGHKDQGDI
31
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ƴƸƧƵƫƬƣƮƧƣƶƵƱƵƱƧƥƸƧƫƳƫƦƫƱ
ȂȠȜȠȞȩIJȚȠȚıȣıțİȣȑȢțĮIJĮıțİȣȐıIJȘțĮȞıȪȝijȦȞĮȝİIJȚȢʌȡȠįȚĮȖȡĮijȑȢIJȦȞțİȓȝİȞȦȞİȣȡȦʌĮȧ-
țȫȞįȚĮIJȐȟİȦȞțĮȚțĮIJȐıȣȞȑʌİȚĮİȓȞĮȚʌȡȠıIJĮIJİȣȝȑȞİȢıİȩȜĮIJĮįȣȞȘIJȚțȐİʌȚțȓȞįȣȞĮİȟĮȡIJȒȝĮ-
IJĮįȚĮȕȐıIJİʌȡȠıİțIJȚțȐIJȚȢʌȡȠİȚįȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢIJȠȣʌĮȡȩȞIJȠȢțĮȚȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȝȠ-
ȞȐȤĮȖȚĮIJȠıțȠʌȩʌȠȣʌȡȠȠȡȓȗİIJĮȚȫıIJİȞĮĮʌȠijȪȖİIJİĮIJȣȤȒȝĮIJĮțĮȚȗȘȝȚȑȢĭȣȜȐȟIJİʌȡȩȤİȚȡȠ
IJȠİȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠĮȣIJȩȖȚĮȞĮȝʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮIJȠıȣȝȕȠȣȜİȪİıIJİıIJȠȝȑȜȜȠȞǹȞʌȡȩțİȚIJĮȚȞĮįȫıİIJİIJȘ
ıȣıțİȣȒıİțȐʌȠȚȠȐȜȜȠȐIJȠȝȠșȣȝȘșİȓIJİȞĮIJȠȣʌĮȡĮįȫıİIJİȝĮȗȓțĮȚIJȠʌĮȡȩȞİȖȤİȚȡȓįȚȠ
ƲƳƱƤƭƧƲƱƮƧƯƩƸƳƩƴƩ
ȂʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȖȚĮȞĮȟİʌĮȖȫıİIJİȞĮȗİıIJȐȞİIJİțĮȚȞĮijȡȣȖĮȞȓıİ-
IJİijȑIJİȢȥȦȝȚȠȪțĮȚ ȐȜȜĮ ȟȘȡȐIJȡȩijȚȝĮʌĮȡȩȝȠȚĮȢıȪıIJĮıȘȢ ȅʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİȐȜȜȘȤȡȒıȘ IJȘȢ
ıȣıțİȣȒȢįİȞʌȡȠȕȜȑʌİIJĮȚĮʌȩIJȠȞȀĮIJĮıțİȣĮıIJȚțȩȅȓțȠȠȠʌȠȓȠȢĮʌĮȜȜȐııİIJĮȚĮʌȩțȐșİ
İȣșȪȞȘȖȚĮȠʌȠȚİıįȒʌȠIJİȕȜȐȕİȢʌȠȣșĮʌȡȠțȪȥȠȣȞĮʌȩIJȘȞĮțĮIJȐȜȜȘȜȘȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ
ǾĮțĮIJȐȜȜȘȜȘȤȡȒıȘȑȤİȚıĮȞıȣȞȑʌİȚĮIJȘȞĮțȪȡȦıȘȠʌȠȚĮıįȒʌȠIJİȝȠȡijȒȢİȖȖȪȘıȘȢ
ƴƩƮƣƯƵƫƬƧƴƲƳƱƧƫƦƱƲƱƫƩƴƧƫƴ
ǼțįȖȑIJijı ʍȢȡIJıȜijțȜȑ ijțȣ ʍįȢįȜȑijȧ ȡİșȗȔıȣ.
ǾıȣıțİȣȒʌȡȠȠȡȓȗİIJĮȚ ĮʌȠțȜİȚıIJȚțȐȖȚĮȠȚțȚĮțȒ ȤȡȒıȘțĮȚįİȞ ʌȡȑʌİȚ ȞĮ
ȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJĮȚȖȚĮİȝʌȠȡȚțȠȪȢȒȕȚȠȝȘȤĮȞȚțȠȪȢıțȠʌȠȪȢ
ȂȘȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒĮȞʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗİȚțȐʌȠȚĮĮȞȦȝĮȜȓĮȒȣʌȐȡȤİȚ
ȗȘȝȚȐȒijșȠȡȐıIJȠȘȜİțIJȡȚțȩțĮȜȫįȚȠȒIJȠijȚȢIJȠȣǵȜİȢȠȚİʌȚıțİȣȑȢĮțȩȝĮ
țĮȚȘĮȞIJȚțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘIJȠȣȘȜİțIJȡȚțȠȪțĮȜȦįȓȠȣʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİțIJİȜȠȪȞIJĮȚıİȑȞĮ
ǼȟȠȣıȚȠįȠIJȘȝȑȞȠȀȑȞIJȡȠȉİȤȞȚțȒȢȊʌȠıIJȒȡȚȟȘȢȈȑȡȕȚȢȒȠʌȦıįȒʌȠIJİĮʌȩ
ȑȞĮȞȘȜİțIJȡȠȜȩȖȠȫıIJİȞĮĮʌȠijȪȖİIJİȠʌȠȚȠȞįȒʌȠIJİțȓȞįȣȞȠ
ƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓDŽNJǂǕǂǍNJNjǒƽǑǂNJDžNJƽ
ǹʌĮȖȠȡİȪİIJĮȚȘȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢĮʌȩʌĮȚįȚȐțȐIJȦĮʌȩİIJȫȞțĮȚȐIJȠȝĮ
ȝİİȚįȚțȑȢĮȞȐȖțİȢȒĮʌȩȐIJȠȝĮʌȠȣįİȞȑȤȠȣȞIJȘȞĮʌĮȚIJȠȪȝİȞȘʌİȓȡĮİțIJȩȢ
țĮȚĮȞİʌȚIJȘȡȠȪȞIJĮȚĮʌȩȑȞĮȞȣʌİȪșȣȞȠʌȠȣȑȤİȚįȚĮȕȐıİȚțĮȚțĮIJĮȞȠȒıİȚIJȚȢ
ȠįȘȖȓİȢțĮȚIJȠȣȢțȚȞįȪȞȠȣȢʌȠȣʌĮȡȠȣıȚȐȗȠȞIJĮȚțĮIJȐIJȘȞȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣ-
ȒȢ
IJĮʌĮȚįȚȐįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮʌĮȓȗȠȣȞȝİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ȂȘȞİʌȚIJȡȑʌİIJİıİʌĮȚįȚȐȝȚțȡȩIJİȡĮĮʌȩȤȡȠȞȫȞȞĮʌȜȘıȚȐȗȠȣȞIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
țĮȚIJȠȘȜİțIJȡȚțȩțĮȜȫįȚȠ
ȉĮȣȜȚțȐıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮȢ įİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮ İȖțĮIJĮȜİȓʌȠȞIJĮȚıIJȘ įȚȐșİıȘ ȝȚțȡȫȞ
ʌĮȚįȚȫȞįİįȠȝȑȞȠȣȩIJȚĮʌȠIJİȜȠȪȞʌȘȖȒțȚȞįȪȞȠȣ
ƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓLjnjdžNjǕǒǐǑnjLjǏǀǂǓ
ȅȚIJȣȤȩȞIJȡȠʌȠʌȠȚȒıİȚȢĮȣIJȠȪIJȠȣʌȡȠȧȩȞIJȠȢʌȠȣįİȞİȓȞĮȚİȖțİțȡȚȝȑȞİȢĮʌȩ
IJȠȞțĮIJĮıțİȣĮıIJȚțȩȠȓțȠȑȤȠȣȞıĮȞİʌĮțȩȜȠȣșȠIJȘȞʌĮȪıȘȚıȤȪȠȢIJȘȢİȖȖȪ-
ȘıȘȢțĮȚIJȘȞĮıijȐȜİȚĮIJȘȢȓįȚĮȢIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ
ȆȡȚȞȕȐȜİIJİIJȠijȚȢIJȠȣțĮȜȦįȓȠȣıIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮȕİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢȘIJȐıȘʌȠȣĮȞĮ-
ijȑȡİIJĮȚıIJȘȞʌȚȞĮțȓįĮIJİȤȞȚțȫȞȤĮȡĮțIJȘȡȚıIJȚțȫȞIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢĮȞIJȚıIJȠȚȤİȓ
ıIJȘȞIJȐıȘIJȠȣįȚțIJȪȠȣIJȘȢʌİȡȚȠȤȒȢıĮȢ
32
EL
ȃĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİʌȐȞIJĮȝȚĮȖİȚȦȝȑȞȘʌȡȓȗĮ
ǹțȩȝĮțĮȚȩIJĮȞİȓȞĮȚıȕȘıIJȒȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȕȖȐȗİIJİIJȠijȚȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ
ȩIJĮȞʌȡȩțİȚIJĮȚȞĮĮijĮȚȡȑıİIJİȘȞĮIJȠʌȠșİIJȒıİIJİIJĮįȚȐijȠȡĮİȟĮȡIJȒȝĮIJĮȒȞĮİțIJİ-
ȜȑıİIJİIJȚȢİȡȖĮıȓİȢțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪ
ǺİȕĮȚȦșİȓIJİʌȦȢIJĮȤȑȡȚĮıĮȢ İȓȞĮȚıIJİȖȞȐʌȡȚȞȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȘȞıȣ-
ıțİȣȒȒʌȡȚȞȡȣșȝȓıİIJİIJȠȣȢįȚĮțȩʌIJİȢIJȘȢȒʌȡȚȞĮȖȖȓȟİIJİIJȠijȚȢȒIJȚȢȘȜİțIJȡȚ-
țȑȢıȣȞįȑıİȚȢ
ȂȘȞIJȡĮȕȐIJİʌȠIJȑIJȠțĮȜȫįȚȠȖȚĮȞĮIJȠȕȖȐȜİIJİĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ
ȉȠȘȜİțIJȡȚțȩțĮȜȫįȚȠįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮIJȡȓȕİIJĮȚıİĮȚȤȝȘȡȑȢȖȦȞȚȑȢȒȐȜȜĮĮȚȤȝȘ-
ȡȐĮȞIJȚțİȓȝİȞĮ
ƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓǖnjNJNjǟǎLJLjǍNJǟǎ
ȂȘȞȕȣșȓȗİIJİʌȠIJȑIJȘıȣıțİȣȒIJȠijȚȢțĮȚIJȠȘȜİțIJȡȚțȩțĮȜȫįȚȠıİȞİȡȩȒȐȜȜĮ
ȣȖȡȐȃĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİȑȞĮȣȖȡȩʌĮȞȓȖȚĮIJȠȞțĮșĮȡȚıȝȩIJȠȣȢ
ȂȘȞIJȠʌȠșİIJİȓIJİIJȘȞıȣıțİȣȒʌȐȞȦȒțȠȞIJȐıİʌȘȖȑȢșİȡȝȩIJȘIJĮȢ
ȉȠȥȦȝȓȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮțĮİȓīȚ¶ĮȣIJȩIJȠȜȩȖȠįİȞʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİIJȘ
ijȡȣȖĮȞȚȑȡĮțȐIJȦȒțȠȞIJȐĮʌȩİȪijȜİțIJĮȣȜȚțȐȩʌȦȢȠȚțȠȣȡIJȓȞİȢ
ȂȘȕȐȗİIJİʌİȡȚııȩIJİȡİȢĮʌȩįȣȠijȑIJİȢıİțȐșİȣʌȠįȠȤȒ
ȂȘȕȐȗİIJİȝȑıĮıIJȘijȡȣȖĮȞȚȑȡĮIJĮȤȑȡȚĮıĮȢȒȠʌȠȚȠįȒʌȠIJİȝİIJĮȜȜȚțȩȣȜȚțȩ
ȖȚĮʌĮȡȐįİȚȖȝĮȝĮȤĮȓȡȚĮȒĮȜȠȣȝȚȞȩȤĮȡIJȠ
ǹȞĮʌȠijĮıȓıİIJİȞĮʌİIJȐȟİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮIJȘȞĮȤȡȘıIJİȪıİIJİțȩȕȠȞIJĮȢ
IJȠțĮȜȫįȚȠIJȡȠijȠįȠıȓĮȢȈȣȞȚıIJȐIJĮȚİʌȓıȘȢȞĮțĮIJĮıIJȒıİIJİĮțȓȞįȣȞĮIJĮȝȑȡȘIJȘȢ
ıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮĮʌȠIJİȜȑıȠȣȞʌȘȖȒțȚȞįȪȞȠȣȚįȚĮȓIJİȡĮȖȚĮȝȚțȡȐʌĮȚįȚȐ
ʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮʌĮȓȟȠȣȞȝİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
īȚĮIJȘıȦıIJȒįȚȐșİıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢıȪȝijȦȞĮȝİIJȘȞǼȣȡȦʌĮȧțȒȅįȘȖȓĮ
(ǼıȣȞȚıIJȠȪȝİȞĮįȚĮȕȐıİIJİIJȠİȚįȚțȩȑȞIJȣʌȠʌȠȣʌȡȠȝȘșİȪİIJĮȚ
ȝĮȗȓȝİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ƷƶƭƣưƵƧƵƫƴƱƦƩƥƫƧƴƣƶƵƧƴ
ƲƧƳƫƥƳƣƷƩƵƩƴƴƶƴƬƧƶƩƴ
$ ȁĮȕȓįİȢ
% ȂȠȤȜȩȢȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ
& ǻİȓțIJȘȢȕĮșȝȓįĮȢijȡȣȖĮȞȓıȝĮIJȠȢ
' ȀȠȣȝʌȓȖȚĮIJȘȡȪșȝȚıȘIJȘȢȕĮșȝȓįĮȢijȡȣȖĮȞȓıȝĮIJȠȢ
( ȀȠȣȝʌȓʌĮȪıȘȢ
) ȆȜȒțIJȡȠȖȚĮȗȑıIJĮȝĮ
* ȆȜȒțIJȡȠȖȚĮĮʌȩȥȣȟȘ
+ ȆȚĮıIJȡȐțȚĮʌİȡȚIJȪȜȚȟȘȢțĮȜȦįȓȠȣ
, ȈȣȡIJȐȡȚȖȚĮIJĮȥȓȤȠȣȜĮ
33
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ƲƳƱƧƫƦƱƲƱƫƩƴƧƫƴƭƧƫƵƱƶƳƥƫƣƴ
ȃș ȥȢșIJțȞȡʍȡțıȔijı ĴȒijıȣ ȦȧȞțȡȫ ʍȡȝȫ ȝıʍijȒȣ ȓ IJʍįIJȞȒȟıȣ.
ȃș ȖȑȘıijı IJijș IJȤIJȜıȤȓ ʍȡȝȫ ȡȗȜȬİș ijȢȪĴțȞį.
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ
ȂȘȕȐȗİIJİIJȡȩijȚȝĮʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮıIJȐȟȠȣȞțĮIJȐIJȘįȚȐȡțİȚĮIJȠȣȥȘıȓȝĮIJȠȢǼțIJȩȢĮʌȩ
IJȠȞĮțĮIJĮıIJȒıȠȣȞįȪıțȠȜİȢIJȚȢİȡȖĮıȓİȢțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪȝʌȠȡİȓțĮȚȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıȠȣȞʌȣȡ-
țĮȖȚȐȆȡȚȞĮʌȩțȐșİȤȡȒıȘțĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȠıȣȡIJȐȡȚȖȚĮIJĮȥȓȤȠȣȜĮĮʌȩIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮ
IJȡȠijȓȝȦȞȒȥȓȤȠȣȜĮ
ƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓLjnjdžNjǕǒǐǑnjLjǏǀǂǓ
ȂȘȕȐȗİIJİıIJȠİıȦIJİȡȚțȩIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢʌȚȡȠȪȞȚĮȒȐȜȜĮıțİȪȘǹȣIJȒȘİȞȑȡȖİȚĮȝʌȠȡİȓ
ȞĮțȐȞİȚȗȘȝȚȐıIJȚȢĮȞIJȚıIJȐıİȚȢIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢțĮȚȞĮʌȡȠțĮȜȑıİȚțȓȞįȣȞȠȘȜİțIJȡȠʌȜȘȟȓĮȢ
ƲƳƺƵƩƸƳƩƴƩ
ȀĮIJȐIJȘȞʌȡȫIJȘȤȡȒıȘıȣȞȚıIJȐIJĮȚȞĮĮijȒıİIJİĮȞĮȝȝȑȞȘIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȖȚĮȜȓȖĮȜİʌIJȐȫıIJİȞĮİȟĮ-
ȜİȓȥİIJİIJȘȝȣȡȦįȚȐIJȠȣ©țĮȚȞȠȪȡȖȚȠȣªȉȘȞʌȡȫIJȘijȠȡȐʌȠȣșĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ȣʌȐȡȤİȚʌȚșĮȞȩIJȘIJĮȞĮıȤȘȝĮIJȚıIJİȓȜȓȖȠȢțĮʌȞȩȢ
ƲƺƴƯƣƷƵƫƣưƧƵƧƵƱƴƵ
ǺȐȜIJİIJȚȢijȑIJİȢȥȦȝȚȠȪȝȑıĮıIJȚȢȣʌȠįȠȤȑȢIJȘȢijȡȣȖĮȞȚȑȡĮȢȂʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȚȢ
ȜĮȕȓįİȢ$ʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓIJİıIJȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮ
īȣȡȓıIJİIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓ'ȖȚĮȞĮȡȣșȝȓıİIJİIJȘȞİʌȚșȣȝȘIJȒȕĮșȝȓįĮijȡȣȖĮȞȓıȝĮIJȠȢ
ȀĮIJİȕȐıIJİIJȠȝȠȤȜȩȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ%
4)
ȂİIJȐĮʌȩȜȓȖĮȜİʌIJȐȠȜȠțȜȘȡȫȞİIJĮȚIJȠijȡȣȖȐȞȚıȝĮțĮȚȠȚijȑIJİȢȥȦȝȚȠȪȒȠȚȜĮȕȓįİȢİțIJȚȞȐııȠȞIJĮȚ
ʌȡȠȢIJĮʌȐȞȦ
ȂİIJȐIJȘȤȡȒıȘʌĮIJȒıIJİIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓ(ȖȚĮȞĮıȕȒıİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ǺȖȐȜIJİIJȠijȚȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮǹijĮȚȡȑıIJİIJȣȤȩȞțĮIJȐȜȠȚʌĮĮʌȩIJȠıȣȡIJȐȡȚȖȚĮȥȓȤȠȣȜĮ,
7)
ȂİIJȐIJȘȤȡȒıȘıȣȞȚıIJȠȪȝİȞĮIJȣȜȓȟİIJİIJȠțĮȜȫįȚȠȖȪȡȦĮʌȩIJĮİȚįȚțȐʌȚĮıIJȡȐțȚĮʌȠȣȣʌȐȡȤȠȣȞ
țȐIJȦĮʌȩIJȘȕȐıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ
īȚĮȞĮıIJĮȝĮIJȒıİIJİıİȠʌȠȚĮįȒʌȠIJİıIJȚȖȝȒIJȠijȡȣȖȐȞȚıȝĮʌĮIJȒıIJİIJȠʌȜȒțIJȡȠ(
ƭƧƫƵƱƶƳƥƫƣƣƲƱƹƶưƩƴ
ȂʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȖȚĮȞĮȟİʌĮȖȫıİIJİțĮIJİȥȣȖȝȑȞİȢijȑIJİȢȥȦȝȚȠȪ
ǺȐȜIJİIJȚȢțĮIJİȥȣȖȝȑȞİȢijȑIJİȢȥȦȝȚȠȪȝȑıĮıIJȚȢȣʌȠįȠȤȑȢȂʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȚȢ
ȜĮȕȓįİȢ$ʌȠȣșĮȕȡİȓIJİıIJȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮ
īȣȡȓıIJİıIJȘșȑıȘ©ªIJȠțȠȣȝʌȓ'ȖȚĮȞĮȡȣșȝȓıİIJİIJȘȕĮșȝȓįĮijȡȣȖĮȞȓıȝĮIJȠȢ
ȀĮIJİȕȐıIJİIJȠȝȠȤȜȩȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ%
ȆĮIJȒıIJİIJȠʌȜȒțIJȡȠ*ȖȚĮȞĮİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮĮʌȩȥȣȟȘȢȉȠʌȜȒțIJȡȠʌĮȡĮȝȑȞİȚ
ijȦIJİȚȞȩȩıȠįȚĮȡțİȓȘĮʌȩȥȣȟȘ
ǹȞİʌȚșȣȝİȓIJİȞĮȟİʌĮȖȫıİIJİțĮȚIJĮȣIJȩȤȡȠȞĮȞĮȥȒıİIJİIJȠȥȦȝȓȡȣșȝȓıIJİIJȠijȡȣȖȐȞȚıȝĮıİ
ȣȥȘȜȩIJİȡİȢȕĮșȝȓįİȢ
34
EL
ƭƧƫƵƱƶƳƥƫƣƥƫƣƨƧƴƵƣƮƣ
ȂʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȖȚĮȞĮȗİıIJȐȞİIJİIJȚȢijȑIJİȢȥȦȝȚȠȪ
ǺȐȜIJİIJȚȢijȑIJİȢȥȦȝȚȠȪȝȑıĮıIJȚȢȣʌȠįȠȤȑȢȂʌȠȡİȓIJİȞĮȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȚȢȜĮȕȓįİȢ$ʌȠȣ
șĮȕȡİȓIJİıIJȘıȣıțİȣĮıȓĮ
ȀĮIJİȕȐıIJİIJȠȝȠȤȜȩȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȢ%
ȆĮIJȒıIJİIJȠʌȜȒțIJȡȠ)ȖȚĮȞĮİȞİȡȖȠʌȠȚȒıİIJİIJȘȜİȚIJȠȣȡȖȓĮȖȚĮȗȑıIJĮȝĮȉȠʌȜȒțIJȡȠʌĮȡĮȝȑ-
ȞİȚijȦIJİȚȞȩȩıȠįȚĮȡțİȓIJȠȗȑıIJĮȝĮIJȠȣȥȦȝȚȠȪ
ȅȤȡȩȞȠȢȖȚĮIJȠȗȑıIJĮȝĮİȓȞĮȚıIJĮșİȡȩȢțĮȚįİȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮIJȡȠʌȠʌȠȚȘșİȓ
ƬƣƪƣƳƫƴƮƱƴƬƣƫƴƶƯƵƩƳƩƴƩ
ȉĮțIJȚțȒıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘțĮȚțĮșĮȡȚıȝȩȢIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢIJȘȞįȚĮIJȘȡȠȪȞıİȐȡȚıIJȘțĮIJȐıIJĮıȘȖȚĮȝİ-
ȖȐȜȠȤȡȠȞȚțȩįȚȐıIJȘȝĮ
ƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓLjnjdžNjǕǒǐǑnjLjǏǀǂǓ
ǵȜİȢȠȚİȡȖĮıȓİȢțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪʌȠȣĮȞĮijȑȡȠȞIJĮȚʌĮȡĮțȐIJȦʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİțIJİȜȠȪȞIJĮȚȝİıȕȘ-
ıIJȒıȣıțİȣȒțĮȚĮijȠȪȕȖȐȜİIJİIJȠijȚȢĮʌȩIJȘȞʌȡȓȗĮ
Ʋǒǐǔǐǘƿ²NjǀǎDžǖǎǐǓdžDŽNjǂǖǍƽǕǚǎ
ǵȜİȢȠȚİȡȖĮıȓİȢțĮșĮȡȚıȝȠȪțĮȚıȣȞIJȒȡȘıȘȢʌȡȑʌİȚȞĮİțIJİȜȠȪȞIJĮȚȩIJĮȞȑȤİȚțȡȣȫıİȚ
IJİȜİȓȦȢȘıȣıțİȣȒ
ƲǒǐǔǐǘƿƬǀǎDžǖǎǐǓǖnjNJNjǟǎLJLjǍNJǟǎ
ȂȘȕȣșȓȗİIJİIJȘȕȐıȘıIJȠȞİȡȩȂȘȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİįȚĮȕȡȦIJȚțȐĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞIJȚțȐȒįȚĮȜȪIJİȢ
ʌȠȣȝʌȠȡİȓȞĮțȐȞȠȣȞȗȘȝȚȐıIJĮʌȜĮıIJȚțȐȝȑȡȘ
ȂȘȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚİȓIJİʌȠIJȑȝİIJĮȜȜȚțȐțĮȚĮȚȤȝȘȡȐİȡȖĮȜİȓĮȖȚĮȞĮțĮșĮȡȓıİIJİIJȠİıȦIJİȡȚțȩ
ȝȑȡȠȢIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢ
ȂİIJȐĮʌȩțȐșİȤȡȒıȘIJȘȢıȣıțİȣȒȢĮįİȚȐıIJİțĮȚțĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȠıȣȡIJȐȡȚȖȚĮIJĮȥȓȤȠȣȜĮ,
ȀĮșĮȡȓıIJİIJȘıȣıțİȣȒȤȡȘıȚȝȠʌȠȚȫȞIJĮȢȑȞĮʌĮȞȓİȜĮijȡȫȢȕȡİȖȝȑȞȠȝİȞİȡȩțĮȚȜȓȖİȢıIJĮȖȩȞİȢ
İȞȩȢȝȘįȚĮȕȡȦIJȚțȠȪĮʌȠȡȡȣʌĮȞIJȚțȠȪ
ȈțȠȣʌȓıIJİȝİIJȠȤȑȡȚIJȘıȣıțİȣȒ
35
RU
ǼǯȋȀǼǷǶǻǿȀǾȁǸȄǶǶ
ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹɧɚɬɨɱɬɨɞɚɧɧɨɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɛɵɥɨɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɨɜɩɨɥɧɨɦɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɬɪɟɛɨɜɚ-
ɧɢɹɦɢɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯɧɨɪɦɢɜɫɟɟɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟɱɚɫɬɢɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɵ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣɡɚɳɢɬɨɣɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶɫɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɦɢɦɟɪɚɦɢɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɢɜɨ
ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɬɪɚɜɦɢɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɫɬɪɨɝɨɩɨɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɊɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬ-
ɫɹɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɞɚɧɧɭɸɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸɜɥɟɝɤɨɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɦɟɫɬɟȿɫɥɢɜɵɪɟɲɢɬɟɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶɞɚɧɧɨɟ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɜɞɪɭɝɢɟɪɭɤɢɧɟɡɚɛɭɞɶɬɟɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶɜɦɟɫɬɟɫɧɢɦɢɷɬɭɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ
ǻǮǵǻǮȅdzǻǶdzȁǿȀǾǼǷǿȀǰǮ
ɉɪɢɛɨɪɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɞɥɹɪɚɡɦɨɪɨɡɤɢɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚɢɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹɯɥɟɛɚɢɞɪɭɝɢɯɫɭɯɢɯɩɪɨ-
ɞɭɤɬɨɜɩɨɯɨɠɟɣɤɨɧɫɢɫɬɟɧɰɢɢɅɸɛɵɟɞɪɭɝɢɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɵɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨ-
ɬɪɟɧɵɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦɫɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɦɫɫɟɛɹɜɫɹɤɭɸɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɡɚɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɦɨɝɭɳɢɟ
ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶɩɨɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɬɚɤɨɝɨɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɧɟɩɨ
ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɜɥɟɱɟɬɡɚɫɨɛɨɣɨɬɦɟɧɭɥɸɛɨɣɮɨɪɦɵɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ
ǽǾǮǰǶǹǮȀdzȃǻǶǸǶǯdzǵǼǽǮǿǻǼǿȀǶ
Ɋɠɫɠɟ ɪɠɫɝɶɧ ɣɬɪɩɦɷɢɩɝɛɨɣɠɧ ɪɫɣɜɩɫɛ ɨɠɩɜɰɩɟɣɧɩ ɝɨɣɧɛɭɠɦɷɨɩ ɪɫɩ-
ɲɣɭɛɭɷ ɨɛɬɭɩɺɴɮɹ ɣɨɬɭɫɮɥɱɣɹ.
ɉɪɢɛɨɪɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɬɨɥɶɤɨɞɥɹɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɢɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹɜɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯɢɥɢɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯɰɟɥɹɯ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɟɫɥɢɲɧɭɪɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɜɢɥɤɚɢɥɢ
ɫɚɦɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɦɟɸɬ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɅɸɛɨɣɪɟɦɨɧɬɜɤɥɸɱɚɹɡɚɦɟɧɭɲɧɭɪɚ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɟɪ-
ɜɢɫɧɨɦɰɟɧɬɪɟɢɥɢɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɧɜɚɧɧɵɦɢɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ
ɤɚɤɨɝɨɥɢɛɨɪɢɫɤɚ
ǼȝȎȟțȜȒșȭȒȓȠȓȗ
ɉɪɢɛɨɪɨɦɦɨɝɭɬɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɞɟɬɢɫɬɚɪɲɟɥɟɬɢɥɢɥɢɰɚɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧ-
ɧɵɦɢɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢɢɥɢɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɥɢɛɨ
ɠɟɥɢɰɚɫɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟɦɨɩɵɬɚɢɥɢɭɦɟɧɢɹɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɫɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɦɢɭɫɬɪɨɣ-
ɫɬɜɚɦɢɧɨɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɞɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɥɢɰɚɢɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɨɫɥɟ
ɬɨɝɨɤɚɤɢɯɩɪɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɯɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦɚɬɚɤ-
ɠɟɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɞɹɬɨɛɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɹɯɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɨɧɢɦɨɝɭɬɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɧɭɬɶɫɹɜɨɜɪɟɦɹ
ɟɝɨɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ
ɇɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɣɬɟɞɟɬɹɦɢɝɪɚɬɶɫɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɲɧɭɪɞɨɥɠɟɧɜɫɟɝɞɚɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɧɟɡɨɧɵɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɫɬɢɞɥɹ
ɞɟɬɟɣɦɥɚɞɲɟɥɟɬ
ȼɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯɫɥɭɱɚɟɜɧɟɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɭɨɬɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜ
ɦɟɫɬɚɯɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɯɞɥɹɞɟɬɟɣ
ǼȝȎȟțȜȟȠȪȝȜȞȎȔȓțȖȭȫșȓȘȠȞȖȥȓȟȘȖȚȠȜȘȜȚ
Ʌɸɛɵɟ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɩɨɬɟɪɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɢ ɢ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɧɟɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɵɦ ɟɝɨ ɢɫ-
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɦ
36
RU
ɉɟɪɟɞɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɤɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɥɢ
ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟɧɚɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸɫɟɬɢ
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɤɪɨɡɟɬɤɟɫɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɟɦ
Ⱦɚɠɟɤɨɝɞɚɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɟɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɵɧɭɬɶɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɩɟɪɟɞ
ɬɟɦɤɚɤɜɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɢɥɢɭɛɪɚɬɶɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟɞɟɬɚɥɢɚɬɚɤɠɟɞɥɹɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɱɢɫɬɤɢ
ɉɟɪɟɞɬɟɦɤɚɤɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɥɢɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɟɝɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟ-
ɥɹɦɢɚɬɚɤɠɟɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹɤɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɸɢɩɪɨɜɨɞɚɦɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶɜɬɨɦɱɬɨɭ
ȼɚɫɯɨɪɨɲɨɜɵɬɟɪɬɵɪɭɤɢ
ȼɵɧɢɦɚɹɜɢɥɤɭɢɡɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɧɟɬɹɧɭɬɶɡɚɩɪɨɜɨɞ
ɇɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɫɨɩɪɢɤɨɫɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɲɧɭɪɚɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɫɨɫɬɪɵɦɢɢɪɟɠɭ-
ɳɢɦɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ
ǼȝȎȟțȜȟȠȪȝȞȖȥȖțȓțȖȭȚȎȠȓȞȖȎșȪțȜȑȜȐȞȓȒȎ
ɇɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɩɨɝɪɭɠɚɬɶɤɨɪɩɭɫɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɢɩɪɨɜɨɞɜɜɨɞɭ
ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɭɯɨɞɚ ɡɚ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɥɚɠɧɭɸ
ɬɤɚɧɶ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɧɚ ɝɨɪɹɱɢɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ
ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜɬɟɩɥɚ
ɏɥɟɛɦɨɠɟɬɠɟɱɶɩɨɷɬɨɦɭɬɨɫɬɟɪɵɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɩɨɞ
ɢɥɢɪɹɞɨɦɫɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɦɢɫɹɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɪɹɞɨɦɫɨ
ɲɬɨɪɚɦɢ
ɇɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɜɨɞɧɭɩɪɨɪɟɡɶɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɛɨɥɟɟɨɞɧɨɝɨɥɨɦɬɹɯɥɟɛɚ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɜɧɭɬɪɶɬɨɫɬɟɪɚɩɚɥɶɰɵɢɥɢɥɸɛɵɟɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨɠɢɢɥɢɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɭɸɮɨɥɶɝɭ
ɉɨɫɥɟɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɫɪɨɤɚɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɜɰɟɥɹɯɟɝɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣɭɬɢ-
ɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɨɬɪɟɡɚɬɶɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɫɞɟɥɚɜɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɟɩɪɢ-
ɝɨɞɧɵɦɞɥɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɊɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɫɥɟɞɢɬɶɡɚɬɟɦɱɬɨɛɵɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶ-
ɧɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟɞɟɬɚɥɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɫɬɚɥɢɢɝɪɭɲɤɨɣɞɥɹɞɟɬɟɣ
Ⱦɥɹɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣȾɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ(8ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɡɧɚɤɨ-
ɦɢɬɶɫɹɫɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣɤɩɪɢɛɨɪɭɩɚɦɹɬɤɨɣ
ȃǾǮǻǶȀȊǻǮǿȀǼȍȇdzdzǾȁǸǼǰǼDzǿȀǰǼǽǼȋǸǿǽǹȁǮȀǮȄǶǶ
37
RU
ǼǽǶǿǮǻǶdzǸǼȂdzǰǮǾǸǶ
$ Ⱦɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɢ
% Ɋɭɱɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ
& ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ
' Ɋɭɱɤɚɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɪɟɠɢɦɨɜɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ
( Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɫɬɨɩ
) Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɪɚɡɨɝɪɟɜɚ
* Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɪɚɡɦɨɪɨɡɤɢ
+ Ʉɚɛɟɥɶɧɵɣɛɚɪɚɛɚɧ
, ɉɨɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɫɛɨɪɚɤɪɨɲɟɤ
ǺdzǾȉǽǾdzDzǼǿȀǼǾǼǴǻǼǿȀǶǽǾǶȋǸǿǽǹȁǮȀǮȄǶǶ
Ɉɠ ɫɠɥɩɧɠɨɟɮɠɭɬɺ ɣɬɪɩɦɷɢɩɝɛɭɷ ɬɦɣɳɥɩɧ ɭɩɨɥɣɠ ɣɦɣ ɦɩɧɛɨɶɠ ɥɮɬɥɣ ɰɦɠɜɛ.
Ɉɠ ɣɬɪɩɦɷɢɮɤɭɠ ɝ ɭɩɬɭɠɫɠ ɪɫɩɟɮɥɭɶ ɬɦɣɳɥɩɧ ɥɫɮɪɨɶɰ ɫɛɢɧɠɫɩɝ.
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓ
ɇɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɣɜɬɨɫɬɟɪɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵɫɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɦɨɠɟɬɤɚɩɚɬɶɜɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟ-
ɧɢɹɗɬɨɧɟɬɨɥɶɤɨɭɫɥɨɠɧɹɟɬɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɱɢɫɬɤɢɬɨɫɬɟɪɚɧɨɬɚɤɠɟɢɦɨɠɟɬɫɬɚɬɶɩɪɢɱɢ-
ɧɨɣɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹɜɨɡɝɨɪɚɧɢɹɊɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɩɨɞɞɨɧɨɬɧɚɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ
ɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜɩɢɳɢɢɤɪɨɲɟɤɩɟɪɟɞɤɚɠɞɵɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɬɨɫɬɟɪɚ
ǼȟȠȜȞȜȔțȜǾȖȟȘȝȜșȡȥȓțȖȭȫșȓȘȠȞȜȠȞȎȐȚȩ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɜɧɭɬɪɶɬɨɫɬɟɪɚɜɢɥɤɢɢɞɪɭɝɢɟɫɬɨɥɨɜɵɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɵɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢ
ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɸɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɬɨɤɨɦ
ǽdzǾǰǼdzǶǿǽǼǹȊǵǼǰǮǻǶdz
ɉɪɢɩɟɪɜɨɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɩɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɟɝɨɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯɦɢɧɭɬɞɥɹɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹɧɨɜɨɝɨɡɚɩɚɯɚɉɪɢɩɟɪɜɨɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
ɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɨɢɡɨɣɬɢɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɞɵɦɚ
ǸǮǸǽǾǶDZǼȀǼǰǶȀȊȀǼǿȀ
ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɥɨɦɬɢɤɢɯɥɟɛɚɜɩɪɨɪɟɡɢɬɨɫɬɟɪɚɆɨɠɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɢ$ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ
ɜɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɬɨɫɬɟɪɚ
ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɪɭɱɤɭ'ɞɥɹɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ
Ɉɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɪɭɱɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ%
4)
ɑɟɪɟɡɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɦɢɧɭɬɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹɯɥɟɛɚɡɚɜɟɪɲɢɬɫɹɢɥɨɦɬɢɤɢɢɥɢɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɢ
ɩɨɞɩɪɵɝɧɭɬɜɜɟɪɯ
ɉɨɫɥɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭ(ɞɥɹɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
Ɉɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɶɩɪɨɜɨɞɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɢɡɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɬɨɤɚɍɞɚɥɢɬɟɧɚɤɨɩɢɜɲɢɟɫɹɨɫɬɚɬɤɢɩɢɳɢɢɡɩɨɞ-
ɞɨɧɚɞɥɹɫɛɨɪɚɤɪɨɲɟɤ,
7)
ɉɨɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶɝɧɟɡɞɚɦɢɞɥɹɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɲɧɭɪɚ+ɞɥɹɡɚɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚ-
ɧɢɹɲɧɭɪɚɜɨɤɪɭɝɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭ(ɞɥɹɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹɜɧɭɠɧɵɣɦɨɦɟɧɬ
38
RU
ȂȁǻǸȄǶȍǾǮǵǺǼǾǮǴǶǰǮǻǶȍ
Ɇɨɠɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɥɹɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɡɚɦɨɪɨɠɟɧɧɵɯɥɨɦɬɢɤɨɜɯɥɟɛɚ
ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɥɨɦɬɢɤɢɡɚɦɨɪɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɯɥɟɛɚɜɩɪɨɪɟɡɢɬɨɫɬɟɪɚɆɨɠɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟ-
ɥɢ$ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɜɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɬɨɫɬɟɪɚ
ɉɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɪɭɱɤɭ'ɞɥɹɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹɞɨɨɬɦɟɬɤɢ
Ɉɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɪɭɱɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ%
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭ *ɞɥɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɄɥɚɜɢɲɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɝɨɪɟɬɶ ɜ
ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɜɫɟɝɨɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ȿɫɥɢɯɨɬɢɬɟɪɚɡɦɨɪɚɠɢɜɚɬɶɢɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɬɶɯɥɟɛɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟɬɨɫɬɟɪɧɚ
ɛɨɥɟɟɜɵɫɨɤɭɸɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɩɨɞɠɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ȂȁǻǸȄǶȍǽǼDzǼDZǾdzǰǮ
Ɇɨɠɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɥɹɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚɥɨɦɬɢɤɨɜɯɥɟɛɚ
ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɥɨɦɬɢɤɢɯɥɟɛɚɜɩɪɨɪɟɡɢɬɨɫɬɟɪɚɆɨɠɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɢ$ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ
ɜɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɬɨɫɬɟɪɚ
Ɉɩɭɫɬɢɬɶɪɭɱɤɭɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ%
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɤɧɨɩɤɭ)ɞɥɹɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɮɭɧɤɰɢɢɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚɄɥɚɜɢɲɚɛɭɞɟɬɝɨɪɟɬɶɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɜɫɟɝɨɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚ
ȼɪɟɦɹɞɥɹɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚɨɛɵɱɧɨɩɪɟɞɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨɢɟɝɨɧɟɥɶɡɹɩɨɦɟɧɹɬɶ
ǼȅǶǿȀǸǮǶȀdzȃǼǯǿǹȁǴǶǰǮǻǶdz
ɉɪɢɭɫɥɨɜɢɢɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣɱɢɫɬɤɢɢɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣɝɚɪɚɧɬɢ-
ɪɭɟɬɫɹɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟɟɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɟɪɢɨɞɚɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ
ǼȟȠȜȞȜȔțȜǾȖȟȘȝȜșȡȥȓțȖȭȫșȓȘȠȞȜȠȞȎȐȚȩ
Ʌɸɛɵɟɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɩɨɨɱɢɫɬɤɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɞɨɥɠɧɵɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɪɢɩɨɥɧɨɦɟɝɨɜɵ-
ɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢɢɡɫɟɬɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ǼȟȠȜȞȜȔțȜȜȝȎȟțȜȟȠȪȜȔȜȑȜȐ
Ʌɸɛɵɟɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɩɨɨɱɢɫɬɤɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɞɨɥɠɧɵɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɪɢɩɨɥɧɨɦɟɝɨɨɯ-
ɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɢ
ǰțȖȚȎțȖȓǾȖȟȘȝȞȖȥȖțȓțȖȭȚȎȠȓȞȖȎșȪțȜȑȜȐȞȓȒȎ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɩɨɝɪɭɠɚɬɶɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɤɭɜɜɨɞɭɇɟɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɢɥɢɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɢɩɨɬɨɦɭɱɬɨɨɧɢɦɨɝɭɬ
ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɟɞɟɬɚɥɢ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɫɬɨɥɨɜɵɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɵɞɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɢɡ-
ɧɭɬɪɢ
ɉɨɫɥɟɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɜɫɟɜɵɬɚɳɢɬɶɢɡɩɨɞɞɨɧɚɞɥɹɤɪɨɲɟɤɢ
ɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶɟɝɨ,
Ⱦɥɹɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɜɥɚɠɧɭɸɦɹɝɤɭɸɬɤɚɧɶɫɥɟɝɤɚɫɦɨɱɟɧɧɭɸɜɜɨɞɟɫɪɚɫɬɜɨ-
ɪɟɧɧɵɦɢɜɧɟɣɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢɤɚɩɥɹɦɢɦɹɝɤɨɝɨɦɨɸɳɟɝɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ
ȼɵɬɪɢɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɚɫɭɯɨɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ
Ⱦɚɬɚɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɭɤɚɡɚɧɚɧɚɤɨɪɩɭɫɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɜɡɚɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɜɢɞɟ61ZN\UDEFGHIJ
ɝɞɟZN±ɧɟɞɟɥɹɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
39
RU
\U±ɝɨɞɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ
DEFGHIJ±ɫɟɪɢɣɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ
ɌɊɌɋ©ɈɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢɧɢɡɤɨɜɨɥɶɬɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɊɟɲɟɧɢɟɦɄɨ-
ɦɢɫɫɢɢɌɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚʋɨɬɚɜɝɭɫɬɚɝɨɞɚ
ɌɊɌɋ©ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚɹɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜªɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɊɟɲɟ-
ɧɢɟɦɄɨɦɢɫɫɢɢɌɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɸɡɚʋɨɬɞɟɤɚɛɪɹɝɨɞɚ
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɜɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢɤɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɦɭɬɚɥɨɧɭɢɢɥɢɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟɢɡɞɟ-
ɥɢɹ
%aȽɰȼɬɄɥɚɫɫ,±,3;
ɋɞɟɥɚɧɨɜɄɢɬɚɟ
ɂɦɩɨɪɬɟɪɈɈɈ©Ɇɟɞɢɚɬɟɯª
ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɚɞɪɟɫɝɨɪɨɞɆɨɫɤɜɚɭɥɢɰɚɋɚɞɨɜɚɹɌɪɢɭɦɮɚɥɶɧɚɹɞɨɦɫɬɪɨɟ-
ɧɢɟɉɈɆ,ɄɈɆ
ɎɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɚɞɪɟɫɝɆɨɫɤɜɚɭɥɍɫɚɱɟɜɚɞɤɨɪɩɭɫɩɨɦ,,ɤɨɦ
?ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ'H¶/RQJKL$SSOLDQFHV6UO©ȾɟɥɨɧɝɢȺɩɩɥɚɟɧɫɢɫɋɊɅªȺɞɪɟɫɂɬɚɥɢɹ
ɎɥɨɪɟɧɰɢɹɄɚɦɩɢȻɢɡɟɧɰɢɨȼɢɚɋɄɭɢɪɢɤɨ
ɋɩɢɫɨɤɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɯɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɦɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɭɫɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɹɦɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟ-
ɥɟɣɢɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɦɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɦɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɧɚɫɚɣɬɟKWWSZZZDULHWHQHWUXDVVLVWDQFH
Ƚɨɪɹɱɚɹɥɢɧɢɹ$ULHWH
Ɍɨɜɚɪɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɫɨɛɪɚɧɧɨɦɜɢɞɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣɤɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɟɢɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɸɧɟ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ
ɍɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦɦɟɫɬɚɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɣɫɪɨɤɝɨɞɚɋɪɨɤɫɥɭɠɛɵɢɡɞɟɥɢɹɝɨɞɚ
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɜɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢɤɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɨɦɭɬɚɥɨɧɭɢɢɥɢɧɚɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɟɢɡɞɟ-
ɥɢɹ
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AR
ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟا اﺬﻫ صﻮﺼﺨﺑ
ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﰲ ﺔّﻴﻤﺤﻣو ،ﺔﻴﺑوروﻷا لوﺪﻟا ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ةدﺪﺤﳌا ﺲﻴﻳﺎﻘﳌا ﺐﺴﺣ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺼﻣ ةﺰﻬﺟﻷا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟا ﲆﻋ
يﺬﻟا ضﺮﻐﻠﻟ ﻂﻘﻓ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳاو صﺮﺤﺑ تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟا هﺬﻫ ةءاﺮﻗ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺮﻄﺨﻠﻟ رﺪﺼﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ ﻲﺘﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا
هﺬﻫ ﻖﻓرأ .ﺔﺟﺎﺤﻟا ﺪﻨﻋو ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﳌا ﰲ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ عﻼﻃﻼﻟ ﺐّﻴﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻬﺑ ﻆﻔﺘﺣا .راﴐﻷاو ثداﻮﺤﻟا عﻮﻗو ﻊﻨﳌ ،ﻪﻠﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﻊﻨﺻ
.ﻐﻠﻟ ﻪﺋاﺪﻫإ وأ ﻪﻌﻴﺑ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻊﻣ تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا
زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻦﻣ ضﺮﻐﻟا
تاذ ىﺮﺧأ ﺔّﻓﺎﺟ ﺔﻴﺋاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣو ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﺢﺋاﴍ ﺺﻴﻤﺤﺗو ﺨﺴﺗو ﺞﻠﺜﻟا ﺐﻳوﺬﺗ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا اﺬﻫ لﻌﺘﺳا ﺐﺠﻳ
،ﻚﻟذ ﲆﻋ ةدﺎﻳز .ﺔﻘﺋﻻ ﻏ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻋ ﺔﺠﺗﺎﻨﻟا راﴐﻷا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ يأ ﻊﻧﺎﺼﻟا ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻳ ﻻ .ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ ماﻮﻗ
.ﺎﻬﺘﻐﻴﺻ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻬﻣ ،نﻀﻟا ةدﺎﻬﺷ لﺎﻄﺑإ ﱃإ زﺎﻬﺠﻠﻟ ﻖﺋﻻ ﻐﻟا لﻌﺘﺳﻻا يدﺆﻳ
نﺎﻣﻷا تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ﻞﺒﻗ تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا صﺮﺤﺑ أﺮﻗا
{Lk=`rx/!`_˴M4ʙ`4ke˼PspT˲`r;)`_˴M4ʙ`FYT1p!`.ogzf=g
&za=`_˴LNzf Vaeq5Uj1p!`i\-riUaeɪ0p]`6Y`rb]`i\-1p!`bfM5ʘ
.ﺮﻄﺧ يأ عﻮﻗو ﳾﻼﺘﻟ ،ﻟّﻮﺨﻣ ﻴّﻴﻨﻓ وأ ﺔﻳﺎﻋﺮﻟا ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻢﺘﺗ نأ ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﻞﺒﻜﻟا لاﺪﺒﺘﺳا ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺎ
لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ
نﻮﻜﻠ ﻻ ﻦﻳﺬﻠﻟا صﺎﺨﺷﻷا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ وأ تاﻮﻨﺳ 8lLgo/˴L,y2ly.`_UDʜbXle1p!`.o_˴M4l]˽
فاﴍﻹاو ﻢﻬﺘﻌﺑﺎﺘﻣ ﻢﺘﻳ نأ طﴍ ،زﺎﻬﺠﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻣ وأ ةﱪﺧ ﻢﻬﻳﺪﻟ ﺲﻴﻟ وأ ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻌﻟا وأ ﺔﻴ ّ
ﺴﺤﻟا وأ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﻳﺰﻴﻔﻟا ﻢﻫاﻮﻗ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ
.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺔﺎﻘﻟا رﺎﻄﺧﻷاو تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا اﻮﺒﻋﻮﺘﺳاو اﻮﻤﻠﺘﺳا اذإ وأ لوﺆﺴﻣ ﺺﺨﺷ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻬﻴﻠﻋ
1p!`Ma`_UDʝ`#˴5`c,L!y
.تاﻮﻨﺳ 8lLgo/˴LbYly.`_UDʜlLɀ,zMɪ0p]`b]`r1p!`JU$!y
gpzaL0E(/,=eb]9pjʜ_UDʜ_rkeʓVzaQ`+se[ɰʘ
ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺮﻄﺧ
q`˴M4iereʙ4_E˰Nj=`bXle=(0e˼Pr1p!`.o˱Lg{`ʙy,M`x+il]˽
.مﺪﺨﺘﺴﳌا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ
z0p]`]9``sU`ZEeesaM˯XE˱L˾˯`sU`i,\0p]`1p!`bz<sbX
ʐ/ɪ0p\.(ɬɧ+1p!`b<r
وأ ةدﺮﻔﻨﳌا ءاﺰﺟﻷا دﺎﻌﺑإ وأ لﺎﺧدإ ﻞﺒﻗ ،ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻰﺘﺣ ،ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺼﻓأ
.
ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ مﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ
6faczY`r1p!`˱L, s˯ɪ0p]`#U˯by,Mr_˴M4ʘbXT [,yis]ileɧ+ZY%
.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا تﻼﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟا و ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا
b]`ɇ,8_ʙ(leɪ0p]`.(˯lL6Y`b=Uʘ
Vaa`q@0MleTs(+$2 rSs$bYez0p]`y.Q`b\[ɰʘ
ﺔﻳدﺎﻣ راﴐأ قﺎﺤﻟإ ﺮﻄﺧ
D/7˴XMEXbfM4t0(ʜbs5`r˯ʓɪ0p]`b]`r6Y`r"k˯g5 YaEe0fQʘ
.ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻠﻟ
/0%`/+=ele0Y`rWsT1p!`NAʘ
05`be_M8ʙ`aX+se-%ɬr%2)`=f%e_˴M4c,L!y^`.`r2)`bM9yil]˽
ɇ
Z8b\ʓ2(˾%yʀleɵ\NAʘ
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2)`=f%eb(+0y,=XW/rr˾\]4_˯bz4˱Lzj,M˯+s˯leKsjxrly,z`NAʘ
ﲆﻋ ةدﺎﻳز .
ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟا ﻞﺒﻛ ﺺﻗ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻟﻌﺘﺳا ﻊﻨﻣ ﲆﻋ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﺎﻬﻧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ
.ﻪﺑ ﺐﻌﻠﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ لﺎﻔﻃﻷا ﲆﻋ ﺮﻄﺧ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻦﻣ ءاﺰﺟأ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ ﻻ ﺚﻴﺤﺑ ،ﺔﻣزﻼﻟا ﺑاﺪﺘﻟا ذﺎﺨﺗا ﺐﺠﻳ ،ﻚﻟذ
ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ، EU/2012/19 ﻢﻗر ﺔﻴﺑوروﻷا تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺺﻨﺗ ﺎﻣ ﺐﺴﺣو ،ﺢﻴﺤﺼﻟا ﻞﻜﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﺞﺘﻨﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻠﻟ
.ﺞﺘﻨﳌا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓﺮﳌاو ضﺮﻐﻟا اﺬﻬﻟ ﺔﺻﺎﺨﻟا ﺔﻗرﻮﻟا ةءاﺮﻗ
تﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا هﺬﻬﺑ ﺎاد ﻆﻔﺘﺣا
زﺎﻬﺠﻟا تﺎﻔﺻاﻮﻣ
تﺎﺷ ّ
ﻛ A
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺘﻟا ﺔﻌﻓار B
ﺺﻴﻤﺤﺘﻟا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﴍﺆﻣ C
ﺺﻴﻤﺤﺘﻟا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺘﻟ ﺔﻀﺒﻗ D
ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻟا رز E
ﺨﺴﺘﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو رز F
ﺞﻠﺜﻟا ﺐﻳوﺬﺗ ﺔﻔﻴﻇو رز G
ﻞﺒﻜﻟا ّ
ﻒﻟ ةﺮﻜﺑ H
ﺰﺒﺨﻟا تﺎﺘﻓ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ قوﺪﻨﺻ I
ﻞﻤﻌﻟا تﺎﻬﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ةرﻮﺴﻜﻣ وأ اﺪﺟ ﺔﻘﻴﻗر ﺰﺒﺧ ﺢﺋاﴍ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ
.ﻢﺠﺤﻟا ةﺒﻛ ﺔﻴﺋاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ
ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
نأ ﻦﻜ ،ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ ةدﺎﻳز ﱃإ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﻷ .ﻲﻬﻄﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ءﺎﻣ ﻂﻘﻨﺗ نأ ﻦﻜ ﺔﻴﺋاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ ﻊﻀﺗ ﻻ
.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻞﺒﻗ ﺰﺒﺨﻟا تﺎﺘﻓ وأ مﺎﻌﻄﻟا تﺎﻔﻠﺨﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺰﺒﺨﻟا تﺎﺘﻓ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ قوﺪﻨﺻ ﻒّﻈﻧ . ﻖﻳﺮﺣ ﺪﻟﻮﺗ
ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﱃإ ضﺮﻌﺘﻟا ﺮﻄﺧ
ﻖﻠﺧو زﺎﻬﺠﻟا تﺎﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﻒﻠﺗ ﱃإ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا هﺬﻫ يدﺆﺗ نا ﻦﻜ . زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻞﺧاد ىﺮﺧأ تاودأ وأ كﻮﺷ ﻞﺧﺪﺗ ﻻ
.ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ عﻮﻗو ﺮﻄﺧ
ةﺮﻣ لوﻷ لﻌﺘﺳﻻا
ﻞﻴﻠﻗ ةاﻮﻜﳌا رﺪﺼُﺗ ."ﺪﻳﺪﺠﻟا" ﺔﺤﺋار ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻟا ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﻖﺋﺎﻗد ﻊﻀﺒﻟ ﻪﻠﻴﻐﺸﺘﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ ،ةﺮﻣ لوﻷ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﺪﻨﻋ
.ةﺮﻣ لوﻷ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﺪﻨﻋ نﺎﺧﺪﻟا ﻦﻣ
ﺖﺳﻮﺘﻟا داﺪﻋإ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ
.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻊﻣ ةدّرﻮﳌا (A) تﺎﺷ ّ
ﻜﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻜ .ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﺔﺼﻤﺤﻣ قﻮﻘﺷ ﰲ ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﺢﺋاﴍ ﻞﺧدأ (1
بﻮﻠﻄﳌا ﺺﻴﻤﺤﺘﻟا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ (D) ﺔﻀﺒﻘﻟا ّ
ﻒﻟ (2
.(B) لﺎﻌﺷﻹا ﺔﻌﻓار ﻂﺒﻫأ (3
. ﲆﻋﻷا هﺎﺠﺗﺎﺑ (تﺎﺷﻜﻟا وأ) ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﺢﺋاﴍ دﺮﻃ ﻢﺘﻳو ﺺﻴﻤﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﺗ ﻖﺋﺎﻗد ﻊﻀﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ
(4
.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ءﺎﻔﻃإ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ (E) ّرﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا ،لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ (5
.(I) ﺰﺒﺨﻟا تﺎﺘﻓ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ قوﺪﻨﺻ ﰲ ةﺪﺟاﻮﺘﳌا تﺎﻔّﻠﺨﳌا ﺪﻌﺑأ .ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟا ﻞﺒﻛ ﻞﺼﻓأ (6
.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ةﺪﻋﺎﻗ لﻮﺣ ﻞﺒﻜﻟا ﻒﻟ ﻞﺟا ﻦﻣ (H) ﻞﺒﻜﻟا ﻒﻟ ةﺮﻜﺑ لﻌﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺢﺼﻨﻳ ،لﻌﺘﺳﻻا ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻬﺘﻧﻻا ﺪﻨﻋ
(7
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.ﺔﻈﺤﻟ يأ ﰲ ﺺﻴﻤﺤﺘﻟا فﺎﻘﻳإ ﻞﺟا ﻦﻣ (E) ّرﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا
ﺞﻠﺜﻟا ﺐﻳوﺬﺗ ﺔﻔﻴﻇو
.ﺪّﻤﺠﳌا ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﺢﺋاﴍ ﻦﻋ ﺞﻠﺜﻟا ﺐﻳوﺬﺗ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻢﻜﻨﻜ
.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻊﻣ ةدّرﻮﳌا (A) تﺎﺷ ّ
ﻜﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻜ .قﻮﻘﺸﻟا ﻞﺧاد ةﺪّﻤﺠﳌا ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﺢﺋاﴍ ﻞﺧدأ (1
."1" ﺔﻴﻌﺿﻮﻟا ﲆﻋ ﺺﻴﻤﺤﺘﻟا ىﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻂﺒﺿ ﻞﺟا ﻦﻣ (D) ﺔﻀﺒﻘﻟا ّ
ﻒﻟ (2
.(B) لﺎﻌﺷﻹا ﺔﻌﻓار ﻂﺒﻫأ (3
.ﺞﻠﺜﻟا ﺐﻳوﺬﺗ ةﺪﻣ ﺔﻠﻴﻃ ءﴤﻣ ّرﺰﻟا ﻰﻘﺒﻳ .ﺨﺴﺘﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو ﻞﻴﻌﻔﺗ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ (G) ّرﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا (4
.ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋ تﺎﻳﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﲆﻋ ﺺﻴﻤﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻂﺒﺿا ،ناوﻷا ﺲﻔﻧ ﰲ ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﻲﻬﻃو ﺞﻠﺜﻟا ﺐﻳوﺬﺗ تدرأ اذإ
ﺨﺴﺘﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو
.ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﺢﺋاﴍ ﺨﺴﺘﻟ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻢﻜﻨﻜ
.زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻊﻣ ةدّرﻮﳌا (A) تﺎﺷ ّ
ﻜﻟا لﻌﺘﺳا ﻦﻜ .قﻮﻘﺸﻟا ﻞﺧاد ﺰﺒﺨﻟا ﺢﺋاﴍ ﻞﺧدأ (1
.(B) لﺎﻌﺷﻹا ﺔﻌﻓار ﻂﺒﻫأ (2
.ﺨﺴﺘﻟا ةﺪﻣ ﺔﻠﻴﻃ ّﻊﺸﻣ ّرﺰﻟا ﻰﻘﺒﻳ .ﺨﺴﺘﻟا ﺔﻔﻴﻇو ﻞﻴﻌﻔﺗ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ (F) ّرﺰﻟا ﲆﻋ ﻂﻐﺿا (3
.ﺎﻫﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻜ ﻻو ﺔﺘﺑﺎﺛ ﺨﺴﺘﻟا ةﺪﻣ
ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟاو ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا
.ﺔﻤﻈﺘﻨﳌا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺼﻟاو ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﻳﻮﻃ ةﱰﻔﻟ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ةءﺎﻔﻛ ﲆﻋ ظﺎﻔﺤﻟا ﻢﺘﻳ
ﺔﻴﺋﺎﺑﺮﻬﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﺻ ﱃإ ضﺮﻌﺘﻟا ﺮﻄﺧ
ﻦﻋ ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺲﺑﺎﻘﻟا ﻞﺼﻓ ﺪﻌﺑو ﺄﻔﻄﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ،ﺎﻘﺣﻻ ﺔﻨﻴﺒﳌا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺑ مﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ
.ﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﳌا
قاﱰﺣﻻا ﺮﻄﺧ – ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.مﺎﺗ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ درﺎﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻ وأ ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ يﺄﺑ مﺎﻴﻘﻟا ﺐﺠﻳ
ﺔﻳدﺎﻣ راﴐأ قﺎﺤﻟإ ﺮﻄﺧ – ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺗ
.ﻚﻴﺘﺳﻼﺒﻟا ﻒﻠﺗ ﱃإ يدﺆﺗ نأ ﻦﻜ تﺎﺒﻳﺬﻣ وأ ﺔّﻳﻮﻗ تﺎﻔّﻈﻨﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ .ءﺎﳌا ﻞﺧاد ةﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟا ﺲﻄﻐﺗ ﻻ
.زﺎﻬﺠﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا ءاﺰﺟﻷا ﻒﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺒّﺑﺪﻣو ﺔﻴﻧﺪﻌﻣ تاودأ ًﺎﻘﻠﻄﻣ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﻻ
.(X) ﺰﺒﺨﻟا تﺎﺘﻓ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺗ قوﺪﻨﺻ ﻒّﻈﻧو غّﺮﻓ ،لﻌﺘﺳا ﻞﻛ ﺪﻌﺑ
ﻦﻣ ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻗ تاﺮﻄﻘﺑو ءﺎﳌﺎﺑ ﻒﻴﻔﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺎﻬﺒﻃﺮﺗ نأ ﺪﻌﺑ ،ﺔّﻛﺎﺣ ﻏو ﺔﺒﻃر شﻗ ﺔﻌﻄﻗ لﻌﺘﺳا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻒّﻈﻧ
.يﻮﻗ ﻏ ﻒّﻈﻨﻣ
.ﺪﻴﻟﺎﺑ زﺎﻬﺠﻟا ﻒّﻔﺟ
43
UA
ǽǾǼȄdzǷǽǼǿǥǯǻǶǸ
ɉɨɩɪɢɬɟɳɨɩɪɢɫɬɪɨʀɜɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɿɭɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɫɬɿɞɨɧɚɥɟɠɧɢɯɞɿɸɱɢɯɽɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɶɤɢɯɫɬɚɧ-
ɞɚɪɬɿɜɬɚɦɚɸɬɶɡɚɯɢɫɬɭɜɫɿɯɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɨɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɢɯɦɿɫɰɹɯɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɭɜɚɠɧɨɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɬɢ
ɡɚɫɬɟɪɟɠɟɧɧɹɿɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɜɢɤɥɸɱɧɨɡɚɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦɳɨɛɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɧɟɳɚɫ-
ɧɢɯɜɢɩɚɞɤɿɜɬɚɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɶɁɛɟɪɿɝɚɣɬɟɰɟɣɩɨɫɿɛɧɢɤɭɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨɦɭɦɿɫɰɿɞɥɹɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɚɰɿɣɭ
ɦɚɣɛɭɬɧɶɨɦɭɁɚɧɚɦɿɪɭɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɢɰɟɣɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɿɧɲɨɦɭɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɱɭɿɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɿɹɩɨɜɢɧɧɚɫɭ-
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɠɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣ
ǽǾǶǵǻǮȅdzǻǻȍ
ɉɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɨɡɦɨɪɨɠɟɧɧɹɩɿɞɿɝɪɿɜɭ ɬɚ ɩɿɞɫɦɚɠɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɫɤɢɛɨɤɯɥɿɛɚ ɚ
ɬɚɤɨɠɿɧɲɢɯɫɭɯɢɯɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɿɜɩɨɞɿɛɧɨʀɤɨɧɫɢɫɬɟɧɰɿʀɍɪɚɡɿɛɭɞɶ ɹɤɨɝɨɿɧɲɨɝɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ
ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸɬɨɛɬɨɧɟɡɚɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɦɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɧɟɧɟɫɟɧɿɹɤɨʀɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɿɡɚɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɿ
ɰɢɦɡɛɢɬɤɢɇɟɧɚɥɟɠɧɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸɫɤɚɫɨɜɭɽɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɸɭɜɫɿɯʀʀɩɪɨɹɜɚɯ
ǵǮǿȀdzǾdzǴdzǻǻȍǵǯdzǵǽdzǸǶ
Ɏɝɛɡɨɩ ɪɫɩɲɣɭɛɤɭɠ ʀɨɬɭɫɮɥɱʀʁ ɪɠɫɠɟ ɪɩɲɛɭɥɩɧ ɝɣɥɩɫɣɬɭɛɨɨɺ.
Ⱦɚɧɢɣɩɪɢɥɚɞɩɪɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣɬɿɥɶɤɢɿɜɢɤɥɸɱɧɨɞɥɹɩɪɢɜɚɬɧɨɝɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ
ɿɬɨɦɭɽɧɟɩɪɢɞɚɬɧɢɦɞɥɹɩɪɨɦɢɫɥɨɜɢɯɚɛɨɩɪɨɮɟɫɿɣɧɢɯɰɿɥɟɣ
ɇɟɜɢɤɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɩɪɢɥɚɞɹɤɳɨɲɧɭɪɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɚɛɨɲɬɟɩɫɟɥɶɩɨɲɤɨɞɠɟɧɨ
ɚɛɨɹɤɳɨɩɪɢɥɚɞɧɟɫɩɪɚɜɧɢɣɍɫɿɪɟɦɨɧɬɧɿɪɨɛɨɬɢɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɱɢɡɚɦɿɧɭɤɚ-
ɛɟɥɸɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɬɿɥɶɤɢɫɟɪɜɿɫɧɢɦɰɟɧɬɪɨɦɚɛɨɭɩɨɜ-
ɧɨɜɚɠɟɧɢɦɢɬɟɯɧɿɤɚɦɢɡɬɢɦɳɨɛɭɧɢɤɧɭɬɢɛɭɞɶɹɤɨɝɨɪɢɡɢɤɭ
ǻȓȏȓȕȝȓȥțȜȒșȭȒȳȠȓȗ
ɉɪɢɥɚɞ ɦɨɠɟ ɛɭɬɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɢɣ ɞɿɬɶɦɢ ɫɬɚɪɲɟ ɪɨɤɿɜ ɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɡ
ɨɛɦɟɠɟɧɢɦɢ ɮɿɡɢɱɧɢɦɢ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɢɦɢ ɚɛɨ ɪɨɡɭɦɨɜɢɦɢ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɹɦɢ
ɨɫɨɛɢɹɤɿɧɟɦɚɸɬɶɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɶɨɝɨɞɨɫɜɿɞɭɱɢɡɧɚɧɶɦɨɠɭɬɶɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ
ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɽɦ ɥɢɲɟ ɹɤɳɨ ɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɸɬɶ ɩɿɞ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɨɦ ɚɛɨ ɧɚɜɱɟɧɿ ɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨ
ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɬɢɫɶ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɽɦ ɿ ɭɫɜɿɞɨɦɥɸɸɬɶ ɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɭ ɜɿɞ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ
Ⱦɿɬɢɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɝɪɚɬɢɫɹɡɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɦɚɛɨɣɨɝɨɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ
ɉɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɬɚɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɛɭɬɢɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɢɦɢɞɥɹɞɿɬɟɣɹɤɿɦɨ-
ɥɨɞɲɿɪɨɤɿɜ
ȿɥɟɦɟɧɬɢɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɡɚɥɢɲɚɬɢɫɹɩɨɪɭɱɡɞɿɬɶɦɢɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢɜɨɧɢɽ
ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɢɦɢɞɠɟɪɟɥɚɦɢɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɢ
ǻȓȏȓȕȝȓȘȎȝȜȐȭȕȎțȎȕȓșȓȘȠȞȖȘȜȬ
Ȼɭɞɶɹɤɿɡɦɿɧɢɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɿɡɰɢɦɜɢɪɨɛɨɦɳɨɹɜɧɨɧɟɞɨɡɜɨɥɟɧɿɜɢɪɨɛɧɢɤɨɦ
ɦɨɠɭɬɶɩɪɢɡɜɟɫɬɢɞɨɜɬɪɚɬɢɣɨɝɨɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɫɬɿɿɝɚɪɚɧɬɿɣɣɨɝɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ
ɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɱɟɦ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɹɦ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸ ɞɨ ɦɟɪɟɠɿ ɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɶɳɨ
ɜɤɚɡɚɧɚɧɚɬɚɛɥɢɱɰɿɧɚɩɪɭɝɚɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɚɽɧɚɩɪɭɡɿɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨʀɦɟɪɟɠɿɠɢɜɥɟɧ-
ɧɹ
Ɂɚɜɠɞɢɩɿɞɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟɩɪɢɥɚɞɞɨɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɡɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɧɹɦ
44
UA
ɇɚɜɿɬɶɤɨɥɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɧɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɜɿɞ¶ɽɞɧɚɬɢɜɢɥɤɭɜɿɞɟɥɟɤ-
ɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɩɟɪɲɧɿɠɡɛɢɪɚɬɢɚɛɨɪɨɡɛɢɪɚɬɢɣɨɝɨɞɟɬɚɥɿɿɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɚɬɢɞɨ
ɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ
ɉɟɪɟɞɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦɚɛɨɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɧɧɹɩɟɪɟɦɢɤɚɱɿɜɧɚɩɪɢɥɚɞɿɚɛɨɩɟɪɲ
ɧɿɠɬɨɪɤɚɬɢɫɹɞɨɪɨɡɽɦɿɜɡɽɞɧɚɧɧɹɿɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɟɪɟɤɨɧɚɣɬɟɫɹɳɨɜɚɲɿ
ɪɭɤɢɫɭɯɿ
Ɂɚɛɨɪɨɧɹɽɬɶɫɹɜɢɬɹɝɚɬɢɜɢɥɤɭɡɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢɬɹɝɧɭɱɢʀʀɡɚɤɚɛɟɥɶ
ɇɟɡɚɥɢɲɚɣɬɟɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɩɨɛɥɢɡɭɜɿɞɝɨɫɬɪɢɯɤɪɚʀɜɚɛɨɱɚɫɬɢɧ
ǻȓȏȓȕȝȓȘȎȚȎȠȓȞȳȎșȪțȜȑȜȕȏȖȠȘȡ
ɇɟɦɨɠɧɚɡɚɧɭɪɸɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɜɢɥɤɭɚɛɨɲɧɭɪɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɭɜɨɞɭɱɢɿɧɲɿ
ɪɿɞɢɧɢɑɢɫɬɿɬɶʀɯɜɨɥɨɝɨɸɬɤɚɧɢɧɨɸ
ɇɟɫɬɚɜɬɟɩɪɢɥɚɞɧɚɞɠɟɪɟɥɚɬɟɩɥɚɚɛɨɩɨɛɥɢɡɭɜɿɞɧɢɯ
ɏɥɿɛɦɨɠɟɡɚɝɨɪɿɬɢɫɶɬɨɦɭɬɨɫɬɟɪɧɟɩɨɜɢɧɟɧɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɩɿɞɚɛɨ
ɩɨɪɭɱɡɥɟɝɤɨɡɚɣɦɢɫɬɢɦɢɦɚɬɟɪɿɚɥɚɦɢɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɲɬɨɪɚɦɢ
ɇɟɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɛɿɥɶɲɟɞɜɨɯɫɤɢɛɨɤɯɥɿɛɚɜɤɨɠɧɢɣɨɬɜɿɪ
ɇɟɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɪɭɤɢɚɛɨɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɣɬɢɩɦɟɬɚɥɭɧɚɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɨɠɿɚɛɨɚɥɸɦɿ-
ɧɿɽɜɭɮɨɥɶɝɭɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɭɬɨɫɬɟɪɚ
ɍɪɚɡɿɹɤɳɨɰɟɣɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɭɬɢɥɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹɭɹɤɨɫɬɿɜɿɞɯɨɞɿɜɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹɡɪɨ-
ɛɢɬɢɣɨɝɨɧɟɩɪɢɞɚɬɧɢɦɞɥɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɜɿɞɪɿɡɚɜɲɢɤɚɛɟɥɶɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɄɪɿɦ
ɬɨɝɨɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹɨɛɟɪɟɠɧɨɩɨɜɨɞɢɬɢɫɹɡɭɫɿɦɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸ
ɳɨɦɨɠɭɬɶɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢɪɢɡɢɤɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɞɥɹɞɿɬɟɣɹɤɿɦɨɠɭɬɶɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢ
ɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɞɥɹɿɝɨɪ
Ⱦɥɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨʀɭɬɢɥɿɡɚɰɿʀɜɢɪɨɛɭɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɨɞɨȯɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɶɤɨʀɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɢ
ȯɋɫɥɿɞɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɬɢɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɢɣɚɪɤɭɲɳɨɞɨɞɚɽɬɶɫɹɞɨɜɢɪɨɛɭ
ǵǯdzǾǥDZǮǷȀdzȄǥǥǻǿȀǾȁǸȄǥǦDzǹȍǽǼDzǮǹȊȆǼDZǼǰǶǸǼǾǶ-
ǿȀǮǻǻȍ
ǼǽǶǿǽǾǶǹǮDzȁ
$ ɓɢɩɰɿ
% ȼɚɠɿɥɶɭɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹ
& ȱɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɫɬɭɩɟɧɹɩɿɞɫɦɚɠɭɜɚɧɧɹ
' Ɋɭɱɤɚɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɧɧɹɫɬɭɩɟɧɹɩɿɞɫɦɚɠɭɜɚɧɧɹ
( Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɫɬɨɩ
) Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɮɭɧɤɰɿʀɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹ
* Ʉɧɨɩɤɚɮɭɧɤɰɿʀɪɨɡɦɨɪɨɠɭɜɚɧɧɹ
+ Ʉɚɛɟɥɶɧɢɣɛɚɪɚɛɚɧ
, ɉɿɞɞɨɧɞɥɹɡɛɨɪɭɤɪɢɯɬ
45
UA
ǽǼǽdzǾdzDzǴdzǻǻȍǽǾǶdzǸǿǽǹȁǮȀǮȄǥǦ
Ɉɠ ɝɣɥɩɫɣɬɭɩɝɮɤɭɠ ɢɛɨɛɟɭɩ ɭɩɨɥʀ ɛɜɩ ɦɛɧɛɨʀ ɬɥɣɜɥɣ ɰɦʀɜɛ.
Ɉɠ ɥɦɛɟʀɭɷ ɢɛɨɛɟɭɩ ɞɫɩɧʀɢɟɥʀ ɪɫɩɟɮɥɭɣ.
ȁȐȎȑȎ
ɇɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɹɤɿɦɨɠɭɬɶɩɨɬɟɤɬɢɩɿɞɱɚɫɝɨɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɈɤɪɿɦɬɪɭɞɧɨɳɿɜ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɿʀɡɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɦɨɠɭɬɶɛɭɬɢɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɸ ɩɨɠɟɠɿɈɱɢɳɚɬɢ ɩɿɞɞɨɧ ɜɿɞɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɯ
ɡɚɥɢɲɤɿɜʀɠɿɚɛɨɤɪɢɯɬɩɟɪɟɞɤɨɠɧɢɦɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦ
ǻȓȏȓȕȝȓȘȎǾȖȕȖȘȐȞȎȔȓțțȭȓșȓȘȠȞȖȥțȖȚȟȠȞȡȚȜȚ
ɇɟɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟɜɢɥɤɢɚɛɨɿɧɲɿɿɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɢɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɭɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɐɹɞɿɹɦɨɠɟɛɭɬɢɧɟ-
ɛɟɡɩɟɱɧɨɸɞɥɹɮɭɧɤɰɿɨɧɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɿɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɢɧɟɛɟɡɩɟɤɭɭɪɚɠɟɧɧɹɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɢɦ
ɫɬɪɭɦɨɦ
ǽdzǾȆdzǰǶǸǼǾǶǿȀǮǻǻȍ
ɉɪɢɩɟɪɲɨɦɭɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɿɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɬɶɫɹɩɨɬɪɢɦɚɬɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɦɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦɞɟ-
ɤɿɥɶɤɨɯɯɜɢɥɢɧɩɨɤɢɡɚɩɚɯ´ɧɨɜɨɝɨɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ´ɧɟɡɧɢɤɧɟɉɪɢɩɟɪɲɨɦɭɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɿɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸ
ɦɨɠɟɜɢɯɨɞɢɬɢɥɟɝɤɢɣɞɢɦ
ȍǸǽǾǶDZǼȀȁǰǮȀǶȀǼǿȀǶ
ɉɨɦɿɫɬɢɬɢɫɤɢɛɨɱɤɢɯɥɿɛɚɭɨɬɜɨɪɢɞɥɹɬɨɫɬɿɜɆɨɠɥɢɜɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɳɢɩɱɢɤɿɜ$ɳɨɞɨ-
ɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ
ɉɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɢɪɭɱɤɭ'ɳɨɛɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢɛɚɠɚɧɢɣɪɿɜɟɧɶɩɿɞɫɦɚɠɭɜɚɧɧɹ
Ɉɩɭɫɬɿɬɶɜɚɠɿɥɶɭɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹ%
4)
ɑɟɪɟɡɤɿɥɶɤɚɯɜɢɥɢɧɨɛɫɦɚɠɭɜɚɧɧɹɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɟɿɫɤɢɛɤɢɯɥɿɛɚɱɢɳɢɩɱɢɤɢɜɢɤɢɞɚɸɬɶɫɹɜɝɨɪɭ
ɉɿɫɥɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɧɚɬɢɫɧɭɬɢɤɧɨɩɤɭ(ɳɨɛɜɢɤɥɸɱɢɬɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣ
ȼɢɬɹɝɧɭɬɢɲɧɭɪɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɹɡɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢȼɢɞɚɥɢɬɢɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɣɡɚɥɢɲɨɤɡɩɿɞɞɨɧɭ
ɞɥɹɤɪɢɯɬ,
7)
ɉɿɫɥɹɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹ ɦɢɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɽɦɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɤɚɛɟɥɶɧɢɣ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧ+ɳɨɛɨɛɟɪɧɭɬɢ
ɲɧɭɪɧɚɜɤɨɥɨɧɢɠɧɶɨʀɱɚɫɬɢɧɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɨɸ
ɇɚɬɢɫɧɭɬɢɤɧɨɩɤɭ(ɳɨɛɡɭɩɢɧɢɬɢɜɛɭɞɶɹɤɢɣɱɚɫɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɦɚɠɟɧɧɹ
ȂȁǻǸȄǥȍǾǼǵǺǼǾǼǴȁǰǮǻǻȍ
ȼɢɦɨɠɟɬɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɞɥɹɪɨɡɦɨɪɨɠɭɜɚɧɧɹɡɚɦɨɪɨɠɟɧɢɯɫɤɢɛɨɤɯɥɿɛɚ
ɉɨɦɿɫɬɢɬɢɫɤɢɛɤɢɡɚɦɨɪɨɠɟɧɨɝɨɯɥɿɛɚɜɨɬɜɨɪɢɞɥɹɬɨɫɬɿɜɆɨɠɥɢɜɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɳɢɩɱɢ-
ɤɿɜ$ɳɨɞɨɞɚɸɬɶɫɹ
ɉɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɢɪɭɱɤɭ'ɳɨɛɜɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɢɪɿɜɟɧɶɩɿɞɫɦɚɠɭɜɚɧɧɹɜɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɹ
Ɉɩɭɫɬɿɬɶɜɚɠɿɥɶɭɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹ%
ɇɚɬɢɫɧɭɬɢɤɧɨɩɤɭ*ɳɨɛɚɤɬɢɜɭɜɚɬɢɮɭɧɤɰɿɸɪɨɡɦɨɪɨɠɭɜɚɧɧɹɄɧɨɩɤɚɡɚɥɢɲɢɬɶɫɹɩɿɞ-
ɫɜɿɱɟɧɨɸɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦɭɫɶɨɝɨɱɚɫɭɪɨɡɦɨɪɨɠɭɜɚɧɧɹ
əɤɳɨɜɢɛɚɠɚɽɬɟɪɨɡɦɨɪɨɡɢɬɢɿɩɿɞɫɦɚɠɢɬɢɯɥɿɛɜɨɞɧɨɱɚɫɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɪɟɝɭɥɸɜɚɬɢɩɿɞɫɦɚɠɭ-
ɜɚɧɧɹɧɚɪɿɡɧɢɯɪɿɜɧɹɯɡɛɿɥɶɲɟɧɧɹ
46
UA
ȂȁǻǸȄǥȍǻǮDZǾǥǰǮǻǻȍ
ȼɢɦɨɠɟɬɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɳɨɛɪɨɡɿɝɪɿɬɢɲɦɚɬɨɱɤɢɯɥɿɛɚ
ɉɨɦɿɫɬɢɬɢɫɤɢɛɤɢɯɥɿɛɚɜɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɭɨɬɜɨɪɿɜɆɨɠɥɢɜɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɳɢɩɱɢɤɿɜ$ɳɨɞɨɞɚ-
ɸɬɶɫɹ
Ɉɩɭɫɬɿɬɶɜɚɠɿɥɶɭɜɿɦɤɧɟɧɧɹ%
ɇɚɬɢɫɧɭɬɢɤɧɨɩɤɭ)ɳɨɛɚɤɬɢɜɭɜɚɬɢɮɭɧɤɰɿɸɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹɄɧɨɩɤɚɡɚɥɢɲɢɬɶɫɹɩɿɞɫɜɿɱɟɧɨɸ
ɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦɭɫɶɨɝɨɱɚɫɭɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹ
ɑɚɫɧɚɝɪɿɜɚɧɧɹɡɚɮɿɤɫɨɜɚɧɢɣɿɧɟɦɨɠɟɛɭɬɢɡɦɿɧɟɧɢɣ
ȅǶǿȀǸǮǥDzǼDZǹȍDz
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɟɬɟɯɧɿɱɧɟɨɛɫɥɭɝɨɜɭɜɚɧɧɹɬɚɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɞɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬɶɡɛɟɪɿɝɚɬɢɿɩɿɞɬɪɢɦɭɜɚɬɢɟɮɟɤ-
ɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɩɪɨɬɹɝɨɦɛɿɥɶɲɬɪɢɜɚɥɨɝɨɩɟɪɿɨɞɭ
ǻȓȏȓȕȝȓȘȎǾȖȕȖȘȐȞȎȔȓțțȭȓșȓȘȠȞȖȥțȖȚȟȠȞȡȚȜȚ
ȼɫɿɨɩɟɪɚɰɿʀɡɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɨɩɢɫɚɧɿɧɢɠɱɟɩɨɜɢɧɧɿɜɢɤɨɧɭɜɚɬɢɫɶɩɪɢɜɢɦɤɧɟɧɨɦɭɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɿ
ɬɚɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨɸɜɢɥɤɨɸɜɿɞɽɞɧɚɧɨɸɜɿɞɟɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɧɨʀɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ
ȁȐȎȑȎǾȖȕȖȘȜȝȳȘȳȐ
Ɇɢɬɢɬɚɪɟɦɨɧɬɭɜɚɬɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɦɨɠɧɚɬɿɥɶɤɢɩɿɫɥɹɣɨɝɨɩɨɜɧɨɝɨɨɯɨɥɨɞɠɟɧɧɹ
ȁȐȎȑȎǾȖȕȖȘȚȎȠȓȞȳȎșȪțȖȣȕȏȖȠȘȳȐ
ɇɟɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟɞɧɨɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɭɜɨɞɭɇɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɚɝɪɟɫɢɜɧɿɪɟɱɨɜɢɧɢɚɛɨɪɨɡɱɢɧ-
ɧɢɤɢɹɤɿɦɨɠɭɬɶɩɨɲɤɨɞɢɬɢɩɥɚɫɬɢɤ
ɇɿɤɨɥɢɧɟɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɣɬɟɦɟɬɚɥɟɜɿɬɚɝɨɫɬɪɿɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɢɞɥɹɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɹɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɶɨʀɱɚ-
ɫɬɢɧɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɭ
ɉɿɫɥɹɤɨɠɧɨɝɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɩɪɢɥɚɞɭɩɿɞɞɨɧɩɨɬɪɿɛɧɨɫɩɨɪɨɠɧɢɬɢɿɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɢɜɿɞɤɪɢɯɬ,
Ɇɢɬɢɩɪɢɥɚɞɦɨɠɧɚɡɚɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸɡɥɟɝɤɚɜɨɥɨɝɨʀɧɟɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɨʀɬɤɚɧɢɧɢɜɨɞɢɿɤɿɥɶɤɨɯɤɪɚ-
ɩɟɥɶɧɟɚɝɪɟɫɢɜɧɨɝɨɦɢɸɱɨɝɨɡɚɫɨɛɭ
ȼɢɬɢɪɚɬɢɩɪɢɫɬɪɿɣɜɪɭɱɧɭ
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