Table of Contents
QNAP TS-231K + 2x ST12000NE0008 12TB HDD User Manual
Displayed below is the user manual for TS-231K + 2x ST12000NE0008 12TB HDD by QNAP which is a product in the NAS & Storage Servers category. This manual has pages.
Related Manuals
TS-x31K
TS-131K
TS-231K
TS-431K
User Guide
Document Version: 3
10/07/2020
Contents
1. Preface
About This Guide.......................................................................................................................................... 3
Audience.......................................................................................................................................................3
Document Conventions................................................................................................................................ 3
2. Product Overview
About the TS-x31K....................................................................................................................................... 4
Hardware Specifications............................................................................................................................... 4
Components................................................................................................................................................. 6
Front Panel...............................................................................................................................................6
Rear Panel................................................................................................................................................8
Drive Numbering.......................................................................................................................................9
Package Contents...................................................................................................................................... 10
Safety Information.......................................................................................................................................11
Installation Requirements........................................................................................................................... 12
Setting Up the NAS.....................................................................................................................................12
3. Installation and Configuration
Hardware Installation.................................................................................................................................. 14
Drive Installation.....................................................................................................................................14
Connecting USB Expansion Units..........................................................................................................21
QTS Installation.......................................................................................................................................... 23
Installing QTS Using Qfinder Pro........................................................................................................... 23
Installing QTS Using the Cloud Key....................................................................................................... 24
4. Basic Operations
Power Button.............................................................................................................................................. 27
Reset Button............................................................................................................................................... 27
LEDs........................................................................................................................................................... 28
USB One Touch Copy Button..................................................................................................................... 29
Audio Alert.................................................................................................................................................. 29
5. Troubleshooting
Hot-swapping Failed Drives........................................................................................................................31
Forcing Qfinder Pro or myQNAPcloud to Locate the NAS......................................................................... 31
Recovering Unintentionally Removed Healthy Drives................................................................................ 32
Support and Other Resources.................................................................................................................... 32
6. Glossary
Cloud Key................................................................................................................................................... 33
myQNAPcloud Link.....................................................................................................................................33
myQNAPcloud............................................................................................................................................ 33
myQNAPcloud ID........................................................................................................................................33
Qfinder Pro................................................................................................................................................. 33
QTS.............................................................................................................................................................33
7. Notices
Limited Warranty.........................................................................................................................................34
Disclaimer................................................................................................................................................... 34
GNU Public License....................................................................................................................................34
TS-x31K User Guide
1
CE Notice....................................................................................................................................................42
FCC Notice................................................................................................................................................. 42
VCCI Notice................................................................................................................................................ 43
BSMI Notice................................................................................................................................................43
SJ/T 11364-2006.........................................................................................................................................43
2
1. Preface
About This Guide
This guide provides information on the QNAP TS-x31K NAS and step-by-step instructions on installing the
hardware. It also provides instructions on basic operations and troubleshooting information.
Audience
This document is intended for consumers and storage administrators. This guide assumes that the user has
a basic understanding of storage and backup concepts.
Document Conventions
Symbol Description
Notes provide default configuration settings and other supplementary
information.
Important notes provide information on required configuration settings and other
critical information.
Tips provide recommendations or alternative methods of performing tasks or
configuring settings.
Warnings provide information that, when ignored, may result in potential loss,
injury, or even death.
TS-x31K User Guide
Preface 3
2. Product Overview
This chapter provides basic information about the QNAP TS-x31K NAS.
About the TS-x31K
The TS-x31K is powered by Annapurna Labs Alpine AL-214 ARMv7 processors for multi-tasking. The TS-
x31K ensures data security and performance with built-in AES 256-bit encryption engines. It features a USB
One Touch Copy port for quick and convenient backup and data transfer. The TS-x31K is available in 1-drive
bay, 2-drive bay, and 4-drive bay models that support SATA 6 Gbps data transfer. The TS-x31K series NAS
with the exception of the 1-drive bay model, offers two Gigabit Ethernet ports (two GbE RJ45 ports) for
optimal throughput and streaming multimedia content while on the move.
Hardware Specifications
Warning
• If your QNAP product has hardware defects, return the product to QNAP or a QNAP-
authorized service center for maintenance or replacement. Any attempt to repair or
perform maintenance procedures on the product by you or an unauthorized third-party
invalidates the warranty.
• QNAP is not responsible for any damage or data loss caused by unauthorized
modifications and installation of unsupported third-party applications.
For details, see the QNAP Warranty Terms and Conditions.
Ordering P/N Drive bays Memory Power supply
TS-131K 1 1 GB Single
TS-231K 2 1 GB Single
TS-431K 4 1 GB Single
Component TS-131K TS-231K TS-431K
Processor
CPU Annapurnalabs Labs Alpine AL-214 ARMv7
Frequency 4-core 1.7 GHz
Architecture ARM 32-bit
Encryption engine AES-256
Memory
Pre-installed memory 1 GB RAM: 1GB DDR3
Note
This memory is not expandable.
Maximum memory 1 GB RAM: 1GB
Flash memory 512 MB (Dual boot OS protection)
Storage
Drive bays 1 x 3.5-inch SATA 6
Gbps
2 x 3.5-inch SATA 6 Gbps 4 x 3.5-inch SATA 6 Gbps
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 4
Component TS-131K TS-231K TS-431K
Drive compatibility 3.5-inch bays:
• 3.5-inch SATA hard disk drives
2.5-inch bays:
• 2.5-inch SATA hard disk drives
• 2.5-inch SATA solid-state drives
SSD cache acceleration
support
• 3.5-inch drive bays:1 • 3.5-inch drive bays:1
to 2
• 3.5-inch drive bays:1
to 4
Hot-swapping Supported
Network
Gigabit Ethernet ports 1 x GbE RJ45 2 x GbE RJ45
External I/O Ports & Expansion Slots
USB ports Front:
1 x USB 3.2 Gen 1 (5 Gbps)
Note
This USB port supports One Touch Copy.
Rear:
2 x USB 3.2 Gen 1 (5 Gbps)
Interface
Buttons • Power
• Reset
• USB One Touch Copy
Dimensions
Form factor Tower
Dimensions (H x W x D) 169 x 73 x 219 mm
6.65 x 2.87 x 8.62 in
169 x 102 x 219 mm
6.65 x 4.02 x 8.62 in
169 x 160 x 219 mm
6.65 x 6.3 x 8.62 in
Net weight 1.04 kg (2.29 lbs) 1.28 kg (2.82 lbs) 3 kg (6.61 lbs)
Others
Power supply unit 36W, 100-240V DC,
50/60 Hz
60W, 100-240V DC,
50/60 Hz
90W, 100-240V DC,
50/60 Hz
System battery CR2032 lithium battery (3V, 225 mAh)
Sound level 16.0 dB(A) 22.1 dB(A) 23.2 dB(A)
Note
The sound level was tested at a bystander position, which is
within one meter of the NAS. The test NAS operated at low
speed with the maximum number of drives installed.
Fans System: 1 x 50 mm, 12V
DC smart fan
System: 1 x 70 mm, 12V
DC smart fan
System: 1 x 120 mm,
12V DC smart fan
Operating temperature 0˚C to 40˚C (32˚F to 104˚F)
Relative humidity • Non-condensing relative humidity: 5% to 95%
• Wet-bulb temperature: 27˚C (80.6˚F)
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 5
Component TS-131K TS-231K TS-431K
Security slot Kensington security slot
Components
Front Panel
TS-131K
No. Component No. Component
1 Status LED 5 Power button
2 LAN LED 6 USB One Touch Copy button
3 USB LED 7 USB 3.2 Gen 1 One Touch Copy Type-A port
4 Drive LED - -
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 6
TS-231K
No. Component No. Component
1 Status LED 5 Drive 2 LED
2 LAN LED 6 Power button
3 USB LED 7 USB One Touch Copy button
4 Drive 1 LED 8 USB 3.2 Gen 1 One Touch Copy Type-A port
TS-431K
No. Component No. Component
1 Status LED 6 Drive 3 LED
2 LAN LED 7 Drive 4 LED
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 7
No. Component No. Component
3 USB LED 8 Power button
4 Drive 1 LED 9 USB One Touch Copy button
5 Drive 2 LED 10 USB 3.2 Gen 1 One Touch Copy Type-A port
Rear Panel
TS-131K
No. Component No. Component
1 Reset button 4 USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-A ports
2 Gigabit Ethernet Port (RJ45) 5 Power input
3 Gigabit Ethernet LEDs 6 Kensington security slot
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 8
TS-231K, TS-431K
No. Component No. Component
1 Reset button 5 USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-A ports
2 Gigabit Ethernet Port 1 (RJ45) 6 Power input
3 Gigabit Ethernet Port 2 (RJ45) 7 Kensington security slot
4 Gigabit Ethernet LEDs - -
Drive Numbering
TS-131K
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 9
TS-231K
TS-431K
Package Contents
Item Quantity
TS-x31K 1
AC power adapter 1
Power cord 1
Ethernet cable 1 x 1GbE (Cat 5e)
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 10
Item Quantity
Screws for 3.5-inch drives • TS-131K:4
• TS-231K:8
• TS-431K:16
Screws for 2.5-inch drives • TS-131K:3
• TS-231K:6
• TS-431K:12
Quick Installation Guide (QIG) 1
Safety Information
The following instructions help ensure personal safety and environmental safety. Read these instructions
carefully before performing any operations.
General Instructions
• The NAS should be stored in a secure location with restricted access, controlled through the use of a
tool, lock and key, or any means of security.
• Only qualified, skilled, and authorized persons with knowledge of all restrictions, safety precautions,
and installation and maintenance procedures should have physical access to the NAS.
• To avoid potential injury or damage to components, ensure that the drives and other internal system
components have cooled before touching them.
• Observe electrostatic discharge (ESD) procedures to avoid potential injury or damage to components.
Power
• To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, ensure that you only connect the power cord to a properly
grounded electrical outlet.
•
The device may have one or more power supply unit (PSU) cords. To avoid serious injuries, a trained
service technician must disconnect all PSU cords before installing or replacing system components.
System Battery
• To avoid potential battery explosion, causing injury or damage to components, ensure that you replace
the existing battery with a battery of the same type.
• Dispose of used batteries properly according to local regulations or the instructions of the battery
manufacturer.
Moving Parts
•
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 11
Moving fan blades: Keep your body parts away from moving fan blades while the device is connected
to a power source.
•
Moving components: Keep your body parts away from other moving components.
Installation Requirements
Category Item
Environment • Room temperature: 0˚C to 40˚C (32˚F to 104˚F)
• Non-condensing relative humidity: 5% to 95%
• Wet-bulb temperature: 27˚C (80.6˚F)
• Flat, anti-static surface without exposure to direct sunlight, liquids,
or chemicals
• Free from objects that may obstruct NAS ventilation or apply
pressure to the NAS or power cord
Hardware and peripherals • Storage drives
For the list of compatible drive models, go to https://
www.qnap.com/compatibility.
• Network cable
Tools • Phillips #1 or #2 screwdriver
• Flat head screwdriver
• Anti-static wrist strap
Setting Up the NAS
Important
Read all safety requirements and information in Safety Information carefully before setting
up the NAS or installing NAS components.
1. Place your NAS device in an environment that meets the requirements.
For details, see Installation Requirements.
2. Install the drives.
For details, see the following topics:
•Installing 3.5-inch Hard Drives on 3.5-inch Trays
•Installing 2.5-inch Hard Drives or Solid-State Drives on 3.5-inch Trays
For the list of compatible drive models, go to https://www.qnap.com/compatibility.
3. Connect the NAS to the network.
4. Optional: Connect USB expansion units.
For details, see Connecting USB Expansion Units.
TS-x31K User Guide
Product Overview 12
3. Installation and Configuration
This chapter provides specific hardware and firmware installation and configuration steps.
Hardware Installation
This section provides information on installing drives, memory modules, and expansion cards.
Drive Installation
The TS-x31K is compatible with 3.5-inch hard drives, 2.5-inch hard drives, and 2.5-inch solid-state drives.
Installing 3.5-inch Drives on a 3.5-inch Tray
Warning
• Installing a drive deletes all data on the drive.
• Observe electrostatic discharge (ESD) procedures to avoid damage to components.
•
Moving fan blades: Keep your hands and other body parts away from moving fan
blades.
•
Other moving components: Keep your hands and other body parts away from other
moving components.
1. Power off the NAS.
2. Remove the drive tray.
a. Optional: Unlock the tray.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 14
Note
The preinstalled drive trays come unlocked.
Important
Ensure the drive tray keys are stored in a safe place.
b. Pull the handle to release the tray.
c. Pull the tray out.
3. Install a drive on the tray.
a. Remove the fastening panels from the sides of the drive tray.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 15
b. Place the drive on the tray so that the holes on the sides of the drive are aligned with the holes on
the sides of the tray.
c. Attach the fastening panels.
d. Optional: Attach the screws to further secure the drive.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 16
4. Load the tray into the bay.
a. Insert the tray into the bay.
b. Push the handle.
c. Optional: Lock the tray.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 17
5. Power on the NAS.
Installing 2.5-inch Hard Drives and Solid-State Drives on 3.5-inch Trays
Warning
• Installing a drive deletes all data on the drive.
• Observe electrostatic discharge (ESD) procedures to avoid damage to components.
•
Moving fan blades: Keep your hands and other body parts away from moving fan
blades.
•
Other moving components: Keep your hands and other body parts away from other
moving components.
1. Power off the NAS.
2. Remove the drive tray.
a. Optional: Unlock the tray.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 18
Note
The preinstalled drive trays come unlocked.
Important
Ensure the drive tray keys are stored in a safe place.
b. Pull the handle to release the tray.
c. Pull the tray out.
3. Install a drive on the tray.
a. Remove the right fastening panel from the drive tray.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 19
b. Place the drive on the tray so that the holes on the sides of the drive are aligned with the holes on
the sides of the tray.
c. Attach the screws.
4. Load the tray into the bay.
a. Insert the tray into the bay.
b. Push the handle.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 20
c. Optional: Lock the tray.
Connecting USB Expansion Units
The TS-x31K supports USB expansion units. For details, please see table below.
You can purchase storage expansion accessories from QNAP or an authorized reseller.
For details, go to https://shop.qnap.com/.
For the list of compatible expansion units and the maximum number of applicable expansion units, go to
http://www.qnap.com/go/compatibility-expansion.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 21
Expansion Unit Model Description Required Accessories
TR-002 • Uses a USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-C
interface
• Supports SATA
USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-A to Type-C
cable
TR-004 • Uses a USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-C
interface
• Supports SATA
USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-A to Type-C
cable
TL-D800C • Uses a USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-C
interface
• Supports SATA
USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type-A to Type-C
cable
1. Connect the expansion unit to the NAS.
a. Connect the USB cable to the USB Type-B or USB Type-C port on the expansion unit.
b. Connect the USB cable to a USB 3.2 Gen 1 Type-A port on the NAS.
2. Power on the expansion units.
3. Verify that the expansion units are recognized by the NAS.
a. Log on to QTS as administrator.
b. Go to Main Menu > Storage & Snapshots > Overview > System .
c. Verify that the expansion units are listed.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 22
QTS Installation
Method Description Requirements
Qfinder Pro
installation
(Recommended)
If the NAS is connected to your local area
network, you can do the following:
• Locate the NAS using Qfinder Pro.
• Complete the steps in the Smart
Installation Guide wizard.
• Computer
• Network cable
• Qfinder Pro installer
Cloud installation If the NAS is connected to the internet,
you can do the following:
• Scan the QR code on the NAS.
• Specify the Cloud Key.
• Log into your myQNAPcloud account.
• Use myQNAPcloud Link to remotely
access your NAS.
• Complete the steps in the Smart
Installation Guide wizard.
• Computer or mobile device
• myQNAPcloud account
• Cloud Key
Installing QTS Using Qfinder Pro
Warning
Installing QTS deletes all data on the drives. Back up your data before proceeding.
1. Power on the NAS.
2. Connect the NAS to your local area network.
3. Run Qfinder Pro on a computer that is connected to the same local area network.
Note
To download Qfinder Pro, go to https://www.qnap.com/utilities.
4. Locate the NAS in the list and then double-click the name or IP address.
5. Perform any of the following actions.
• To check for the latest available version, click Start.
The wizard downloads the latest available version, and then the NAS restarts after the download
is complete. If a newer version is not available, the wizard automatically displays the Smart
Installation Guide.
• To install the out-of-the-box version, click Skip.
6. Click Start Smart Installation Guide.
7. Specify the following information.
•NAS name: Specify a name with 1 to 14 characters. The name supports letters (A to Z, a to z),
numbers (0 to 9), and hyphens (-), but cannot end with a hyphen.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 23
•Password: Specify an administrator password with 1 to 64 characters. The password supports all
ASCII characters.
8. Click Next.
9. Specify the time zone, date, and time.
Tip
QNAP recommends connecting to an NTP server to ensure that the NAS follows the
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) standard.
10. Click Next.
11. Select Obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP).
12. Click Next.
13. Select the types of devices that you will use to access shared folders on the NAS.
14. Click Next.
15. Review the settings.
16. Click Apply.
A confirmation message appears.
Warning
Clicking Confirm deletes all data on the drive before installing QTS.
17. Click Confirm.
QTS is installed.
Installing QTS Using the Cloud Key
Warning
Installing QTS deletes all data on the drives. Back up your data before proceeding.
1. Power on the NAS.
2. Connect the NAS to the internet.
3. Go to the QNAP Cloud Installation page using one of the following methods:
• On your computer, go to http://install.qnap.com/.
• Scan the QR code on the NAS using a mobile device.
The web page lists all the uninitialized QNAP NAS devices on the local network.
4. Find your NAS from the list and then click Initialize.
Note
If your NAS is not listed, follow the instructions on the web page to specify the Cloud Key on the
NAS.
The installation wizard opens in the default web browser.
5. Create an account or sign in to myQNAPcloud.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 24
Note
You must return to this page to complete the installation after creating an account.
6. Specify the myQNAPcloud device name for the NAS.
Note
• The myQNAPcloud device name is used when remotely accessing the NAS.
• For security purposes, the myQNAPcloud Link remote connection service will be disabled
on your NAS after initialization. You can enable it by connecting to QTS through LAN and
then installing myQNAPcloud Link.
7. Click Next.
8. Perform any of the following actions.
• To check for the latest available version, click Start.
The wizard downloads the latest available version, and then the NAS restarts after the download
is complete. If a newer version is not available, the wizard automatically displays the Smart
Installation Guide.
• To install the out-of-the-box version, click Skip.
9. Click Start Smart Installation Guide.
10. Specify the following information.
•NAS name: Specify a name with 1 to 14 characters. The name supports letters (A to Z, a to z),
numbers (0 to 9), and hyphens (-), but cannot end with a hyphen.
•Password: Specify an administrator password with 1 to 64 characters. The password supports all
ASCII characters.
11. Click Next.
12. Specify the time zone, date, and time.
Tip
QNAP recommends connecting to an NTP server to ensure that the NAS follows the
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) standard.
13. Click Next.
14. Select Obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP).
15. Click Next.
16. Select the types of devices that you will use to access shared folders on the NAS.
17. Click Next.
18. Review the settings.
19. Click Apply.
A confirmation message appears.
Warning
Clicking Confirm deletes all data on the drive before installing QTS.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 25
20. Click Confirm.
QTS is installed.
TS-x31K User Guide
Installation and Configuration 26
4. Basic Operations
This chapter describes basic NAS operations.
Power Button
Operation User Action Result
Power on Press the button once. The NAS powers on.
Power off Press and hold the button for 1.5
seconds.
The NAS powers off.
Force power off Press and hold the button for 5
seconds.
The NAS shuts down.
Important
Use this method only
when the NAS is
unresponsive.
Reset Button
Operation User Action Result
Basic system reset Press and hold the
button for 3 seconds.
The following settings are reset to default:
• System administrator password: MAC address of
adapter 1 without special characters. For example, if
the MAC address of adapter 1 is 11:22:33:44:55:66,
then the admin password will be 112233445566.
Tip
You can find the MAC address of adapter 1
using Qfinder Pro. A label attached to the
device also lists the address as MAC1.
• TCP/IP configuration:
• Obtain IP address settings automatically via
DHCP
• Disable jumbo frames
• If port trunking is enabled (multi-LAN models
only), the port trunking mode is reset to “Active
Backup (Failover)”.
• System port: 8080 (system service port)
• Security level: Low (Allow all connections)
• LCD panel password: (blank)
• VLAN: Disabled
Advanced system
reset
Press and hold the
button for 15 seconds.
The default factory settings are restored.
• To retrieve old data after an advanced system reset,
recreate the previous folder structure on the NAS.
TS-x31K User Guide
Basic Operations 27
LEDs
LEDs indicate system status and related information when the NAS is powered on. The following LED
information applies only when the drive is correctly installed and when the NAS is connected to the network.
For details on the location of the LEDs, see Components.
LED Status Description
System Status Flashes green and red
alternately every 0.5
seconds
• The drive is being formatted.
• The NAS is being initialized.
• The operating system is being updated.
• RAID rebuilding is in progress.
• Online RAID Capacity Expansion is in progress.
• Online RAID Level Migration is in progress.
Red • The drive is invalid.
• The disk volume has reached its full capacity.
• The disk volume is about to reach its full capacity.
• The system fan is not functioning.
• An error occured when accessing (read/write) the data.
• A bad sector is detected on the hard drive.
• The NAS is in degraded read-only mode (two member
drives failed in RAID 5 or RAID 6 but the data can still
be read).
• A hardware self-test error occurred.
Flashes red every 0.5
seconds
The NAS is in degraded mode (one member drive failed in
RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 6).
Flashes green every 0.5
seconds
• The NAS is starting up.
• The NAS is not configured.
• A drive is not formatted.
Green The NAS is ready.
Off All drives are in standby mode.
LAN Orange A read/write error occurred while another device is
accessing data.
Flashes orange The NAS is being accessed from the network.
Drive Flashes red The drive is being accessed and a read/write eror occurs
during the process.
Red A drive read/write error has occurred.
Flashes green The data is being accessed.
Green The drive can be accessed.
TS-x31K User Guide
Basic Operations 28
LED Status Description
USB Flashes blue every 0.5 sec • A USB device (connected to the front USB port) is
detected.
• A USB device (connected to the front USB port) is
being removed from the NAS.
• A USB device (connected to the front USB port of the
NAS) is being accessed.
• Data is being copied to or from a USB or eSATA
device.
Blue A USB device is being detected in the front USB port.
Off • No USB device is detected.
• The NAS has finished copying data to or from the USB
device connected to the front USB port.
USB One Touch Copy Button
The USB One Touch Copy button allows you to copy data backups from a USB device to the NAS or from
the NAS to a USB device.
This feature supports incremental backups. The NAS only copies files that were modified or added after the
last backup.
Audio Alert
Duration Frequency Description
Short beep (0.5 seconds) 1 • The NAS is starting up.
• The NAS is shutting down (software shutdown).
• The user pressed the Reset button.
• The operating system was updated.
3 The user tried to copy the NAS data to the external
storage device from the front USB port, but the data
cannot be copied.
Long beep (1.5 seconds) 3 (every 5 minutes) The system fan is not functioning.
2 • The disk volume is about to reach its full
capacity.
• The disk volume has reached its full capacity.
• The drives are in degraded mode.
• The user started the drive rebuilding process.
• A drive is plugged in or out.
1 • The NAS was powered off by force shutdown
(hardware shutdown).
• The NAS was powered on successfully and is
ready.
TS-x31K User Guide
Basic Operations 29
TS-x31K User Guide
Basic Operations 30
5. Troubleshooting
This chapter describes basic troubleshooting information.
Hot-swapping Failed Drives
The NAS supports hot-swapping of drives in the following situations:
• RAID 1: One member drive fails
• RAID 5: One member drive fails
• RAID 6: One or two member drives fail
1. Log on to QTS.
2. Go to Main Menu > Storage & Snapshots > Storage > Disks/VJBOD .
3. Locate the failed drive.
4. Prepare a new hard drive with a capacity that is the same as or larger than the failed hard drive.
5. Remove the failed drive from the NAS.
6. Wait for 20 seconds or until the NAS beeps twice.
7. Remove the failed drive from the drive tray.
8. Insert the new drive into the drive tray.
9. Install the new drive.
The NAS beeps twice.
10. Go to Main Menu > Storage & Snapshots > Storage Space .
11. Locate the volume that contains the new drive and then verify that the status is Rebuilding.
Forcing Qfinder Pro or myQNAPcloud to Locate the NAS
If Qfinder Pro or myQNAPcloud is unable to locate the NAS during QTS installation, the drives or data may
be faulty.
1. Power off the NAS.
2. Remove all drives.
3. Power on the NAS.
4. Locate the NAS using Qfinder Pro or myQNAPcloud.
5. Reinsert the drives.
6. Continue with the QTS installation.
TS-x31K User Guide
Troubleshooting 31
Recovering Unintentionally Removed Healthy Drives
The NAS supports exclusive RAID recovery technology to recover failed RAID disk volumes from
unintentional disconnection or removal of drives. Users can recover an inactive RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 6
volume to degraded mode, or an inactive RAID 0 and JBOD configuration to normal.
Disk Volume RAID Recovery Support Maximum Number of Removed Drives
Single No N/A
JBOD Yes 1
RAID 0 Yes 1
RAID 1 Yes 1
RAID 5 Yes 2
RAID 6 Yes 3
RAID 10 No N/A
Support and Other Resources
QNAP provides the following resources:
Resource URL
Documentation https://docs.qnap.com
Service Portal https://service.qnap.com
Downloads https://download.qnap.com
Community Forum https://forum.qnap.com
TS-x31K User Guide
Troubleshooting 32
6. Glossary
Cloud Key
Unique 8-digit code assigned to each NAS device
myQNAPcloud Link
Enables you to access the NAS over the internet without configuring complex port forwarding settings
myQNAPcloud
Provides various remote access services such as DDNS and myQNAPcloud Link
myQNAPcloud ID
Email address that was used to register for a myQNAPcloud account
Qfinder Pro
QNAP utility that lets you locate and access QNAP NAS devices in your local area network
QTS
QNAP NAS operating system
TS-x31K User Guide
Glossary 33
7. Notices
This chapter provides information about warranty, disclaimers, licensing, and federal regulations.
Limited Warranty
QNAP offers limited warranty service on our products. Your QNAP-branded hardware product is warranted
against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one (1) year or more from the date printed on
the invoice. ("Warranty Period"). Please review your statutory rights at www.qnap.com/warranty, which may
be amended from time to time by QNAP in its discretion.
Disclaimer
Information in this document is provided in connection with products of QNAP Systems, Inc. (the "QNAP").
No license, express or implied, by estoppels or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this
document. Except as provided in QNAP's terms and conditions of sale for such products, QNAP assumes no
liability whatsoever, and QNAP disclaims any express or implied warranty, relating to sale and/or use of
QNAP products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or
infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right.
QNAP products are not intended for use in medical, life saving, life sustaining, critical control or safety
systems, or in nuclear facility applications.
In no event shall QNAP’s liability exceed the price paid for the product from direct, indirect, special,
incidental, or consequential damages resulting from the use of the product, its accompanying software, or its
documentation. QNAP makes no warranty or representation, expressed, implied, or statutory, with respect to
its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accompanying software, and specifically
disclaims its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. QNAP reserves the
right to revise or update its products, software, or documentation without obligation to notify any individual or
entity.
Back up the system periodically to avoid any potential data loss is recommended. QNAP disclaims any
responsibility of all sorts of data loss or recovery.
Should you return any components of the package of QNAP products such as NAS (Network Attached
Storage) for refund or maintenance, make sure they are carefully packed for shipping. Any form of damages
due to improper packaging will not be compensated.
All the features, functionality, and other product specifications are subject to change without prior notice or
obligation. Information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
Further, the ® or ™ symbols are not used in the text.
GNU Public License
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not
allowed.
Preamble
The GNU General Public License is a free, copy left license for software and other kinds of works.
The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to take away your freedom to share
and change the works. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom
to share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free software for all its users. We, the
TS-x31K User Guide
Notices 34
Free Software Foundation, use the GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are
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To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these rights or asking you to surrender
the rights. Therefore, you have certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify
it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the
recipients the same freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software,
and (2) offer you this License giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains that there is no warranty for this free
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so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to authors of previous versions.
Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run modified versions of the software inside
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users' freedom to change the software. The systematic pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products
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Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents. States should not allow patents to
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prevent this, the GPL assures that patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.
Terms and Conditions
1. Definitions.
“This License” refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
“Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of works, such as semiconductor
masks.
“The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this License. Each licensee is
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the earlier work or a work “based on” the earlier work.
A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work based on the Program.
To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without permission, would make you directly or
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To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables other parties to make or receive
copies. Mere interaction with a user through a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not
conveying.
An interactive user interface displays “Appropriate Legal Notices” to the extent that it includes a
convenient and prominently visible feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
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Notices 35
tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the extent that warranties are provided),
that licensees may convey the work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If the
interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a menu, a prominent item in the list
meets this criterion.
2. Source Code.
The “source code” for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it.
“Object code” means any non-source form of a work.
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is included in the normal form of packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
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“Major Component”, in this context, means a major essential component (kernel, window system, and
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The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same work.
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All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of copyright on the Program, and are
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5. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
TS-x31K User Guide
Notices 36
You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium,
provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright
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with section 7 apply to the code; keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
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You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, and you may offer support or
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6. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to produce it from the Program, in
the form of source code under the terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these
conditions:
a. The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it, and giving a relevant date.
b. The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released under this License and any
conditions added under section 7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to “keep
intact all notices”.
c. You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to anyone who comes into
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This License gives no permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not invalidate
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A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent works, which are not by
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the compilation and its resulting copyright are not used to limit the access or legal rights of the
compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work in an
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offer spare parts or customer support for that product model, to give anyone who possesses the
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is covered by this License, on a durable physical medium customarily used for software
interchange, for a price no more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this conveying
of source, or (2) access to copy the Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.
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only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord with subsection 6b.
d. Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place (gratis or for a charge), and
offer equivalent access to the Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at
no further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the Corresponding Source along with
TS-x31K User Guide
Notices 37
the object code. If the place to copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding
Source may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party) that supports equivalent
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authorized by the copyright holders of that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
TS-x31K User Guide
Notices 38
a. Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms of sections 15 and 16 of this
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10. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run a copy of the Program. Ancillary
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11. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically receives a license from the original
licensors, to run, modify and propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible for
enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
TS-x31K User Guide
Notices 39
An “entity transaction” is a transaction transferring control of an organization, or substantially all assets
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whether already acquired or hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted by
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March 2007.
Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any implied license or other defenses
to infringement that may otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
13. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
TS-x31K User Guide
Notices 40
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the
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agree to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you
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refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
14. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to link or combine any
covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a
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to the part which is the covered work, but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public
License, section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the combination as such.
15. Revised Versions of this License.
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the GNU General Public
License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies that a certain numbered
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following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or of any later version published by
the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General
Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of the GNU General Public
License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes
you to choose that version for the Program.
Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions. However, no additional
obligations are imposed on any author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later
version.
16. Disclaimer of Warranty.
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO
THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM
PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
CORRECTION.
17. Limitation of Liability.
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY
COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE
PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE
OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR
DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES
OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF
SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGES.
18. Interpretation of Sections 16 and 17.
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above cannot be given local legal effect
according to their terms, reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an
absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of
liability accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee.
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Notices 41
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
CE Notice
This QNAP NAS complies with CE Compliance Class B.
FCC Notice
FCC Class B Notice
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference.
2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
Note
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the
user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for help.
Important
Any modifications made to this device that are not approved by QNAP Systems, Inc. may
void the authority granted to the user by the FCC to operate this equipment.
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Notices 42
VCCI Notice
VCCI–B
BSMI Notice
SJ/T 11364-2006
本产品符合中国 RoHS 标准。以下表格标示此产品中某有毒物质的含量符合中国
RoHS 标准规定的限量要求。
本产品上会附有”环境友好使用期限”的标签，此期限是估算这些物质”不会有泄漏或突变”的年限。本产品
可能包含有较短的环境友好使用期限的可替换元件，像是电池或灯管，这些元件将会单独标示出来。
部件名称 有毒有害物质或元素
铅
(Pb)
汞
(Hg)
镉
(Cd)
六价铬
(CR(VI))
多溴联苯
(PBB)
多溴二苯醚
(PBDE)
壳体 0 0 0 0 0 0
显示 0 0 0 0 0 0
印刷电路板 0 0 0 0 0 0
金属螺帽 0 0 0 0 0 0
电缆组装 0 0 0 0 0 0
风扇组装 0 0 0 0 0 0
电力供应组装 0 0 0 0 0 0
电池 0 0 0 0 0 0
O: 表示该有毒有害物质在该部件所有物质材料中的含量均在 SJ/T11363-2006 标准规定的限量要求以下。
TS-x31K User Guide
Notices 43
部件名称 有毒有害物质或元素
铅
(Pb)
汞
(Hg)
镉
(Cd)
六价铬
(CR(VI))
多溴联苯
(PBB)
多溴二苯醚
(PBDE)
X: 表示该有毒有害物质至少在该部件的某一均质材料中的含量超出 SJ/T11363-2006 标准规定的限量要求。
TS-x31K User Guide
Notices 44