Candy CVG6BF4WEB User Manual

Displayed below is the user manual for CVG6BF4WEB by Candy which is a product in the Hobs category. This manual has 66 pages.

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Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦȼɚɦɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶɷɬɨɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɩɨ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟɢɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢɢɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹɤɧɟɦɭɩɨ
ɦɟɪɟɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɜɛɭɞɭɳɟɦɉɟɪɟɞɬɟɦɤɚɤ
ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɤ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ
ɡɚɩɢɲɢɬɟɟɟɫɟɪɢɣɧɵɣɧɨɦɟɪɜɫɥɭɱɚɟɟɫɥɢȼɚɦ
ɩɪɢɞɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɨɞɚɠɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ȼɭɞɶɬɟ
ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɵɢɧɟɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɣɬɟɫɶɤɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦ Ⱦɟɬɹɦ ɦɥɚɞɲɟ ɥɟɬ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ
ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɟɫɥɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɚ
ɧɢɦɢɧɟɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɫɨ
ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɬɟɯ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ
ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɵ ɫ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ
ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɜ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ
ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ
ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɥɭɱɚɹ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ ɉɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɳɢ ɫ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɠɢɪɨɜɢɥɢɦɚɫɥɚɜɫɟɝɞɚɫɥɟɞɢɬɟ
ɡɚɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɦɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɢɳɢɬɚɤɤɚɤɠɢɪɵ
ɢɥɢ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɧɟɡɚɩɧɨ ɡɚɝɨɪɟɬɶɫɹ
ɄȺɌȿȽɈɊɂɑȿɋɄɂɁȺɉɊȿɓȺȿɌɋəɬɭɲɢɬɶɨɝɨɧɶ
ɜɨɞɨɣ ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɧɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ
ɩɥɚɦɹɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɤɪɵɲɤɨɣɢɥɢɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɵɦ
ɨɞɟɹɥɨɦ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿɭɝɪɨɡɚɩɨɠɚɪɚɧɟɫɤɥɚɞɢɪɭɣɬɟɜɟɳɢ
ɧɚɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ ɧɚ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ
ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɡ
ɫɟɬɢ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɬɨɤɨɦ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɬɢ ɜ
ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟɥɟɬɢɫɬɚɪɲɟɥɢɰɚɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɚɬɚɤɠɟɫɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɨɩɵɬɨɦ
ɢɡɧɚɧɢɹɦɢɟɫɥɢɨɧɢɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹɩɨɞɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɨɦ
ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɚɠ ɩɨ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɦɭɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦɢɨɫɨɡɧɚɸɬ
ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟɫɧɢɦɪɢɫɤɢɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ
ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ Ⱦɟɬɹɦ ɛɟɡ
ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢɩɨɨɱɢɫɬɤɟɢɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɩɢɳɢɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɬɶɛɟɡɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ
Ʉɪɚɬɤɨɫɪɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ
ɞɨɥɠɟɧɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɩɨɞɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ
ɇɚɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɞɟɬɟɣ
ɤɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɦɢɥɢɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦɡɨɧɚɦɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ
ɞɨɬɟɯɩɨɪɩɨɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ
ɬɟɩɥɚɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɪɢɫɤɚɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɯ
ɨɠɨɝɨɜ ȼ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨɬɚɣɦɟɪɚɢɥɢ
ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɟɝɨɧɚɥɢɱɢɹɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ
ɧɚɝɚɥɨɝɟɧɧɵɟɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ
ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɤɲɧɭɪɭɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɦɭ
ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɬɨɤɢɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ
ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦɭ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ
ɞɥɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
ɢɦɟɬɶɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɵɣɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹɉɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɠɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɦ Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ
ɉɊȺȼɂɅȺȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸ ȼ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɨɣ ɢ
ɜɢɥɤɨɣɩɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɚɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶɪɨɡɟɬɤɭɧɚ
ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ȼɢɥɤɚ ɢ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɵɨɬɜɟɱɚɬɶɧɨɪɦɚɦɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɜɫɬɪɚɧɟ
ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɤɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɬɚɤɠɟ
ɦɨɠɧɨɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɩɭɬɟɦɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹɦɟɠɞɭɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦɢ
ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɢ
ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ɀɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɪɚɡɦɵɤɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ
ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɪɨɡɟɬɤɚɢɥɢɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶɞɨɥɠɧɵɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɭɞɨɛɧɨɣɡɨɧɟ
ɞɨɫɹɝɚɟɦɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɦɨɧɬɚɠɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
Ⱦɥɹɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɦɨɠɧɨɥɢɛɨɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɶɪɨɡɟɬɤɭɜ
ɡɨɧɟ ɞɨɫɹɝɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɚ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ
ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɲɧɭɪɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɡɚɦɟɧɟɧ
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɦ ɚɝɟɧɬɨɦ ɢɥɢ
ɥɢɰɨɦ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɦ ɜ ɫɯɨɠɟɦ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɨ
ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɪɢɫɤɨɜɁɚɡɟɦɥɹɸɳɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɠɟɥɬɨ
ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɥɢɧɧɟɟ ɧɚ  ɦɦ ɫɨ
ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɤɥɟɦɦɧɨɣɤɨɥɨɞɤɢȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɧɚ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɒɧɭɪ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ
ɬɢɩɚ+**)ɞɥɹɩɥɢɬɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦɢɥɢ
+99)ɞɥɹɩɥɢɬɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵɬɚɤɢɟɤɚɤɧɨɠɢɜɢɥɤɢ
ɥɨɠɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɇɟɤɥɚɞɢɬɟɧɚɡɨɧɵɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɭɸɮɨɥɶɝɭ
ɢɧɟɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɧɚɧɢɯɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɭɸɩɨɫɭɞɭ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɚɧɟɥɢɫɬɟɦɱɬɨɛɵ
ɧɚɧɟɣɧɟɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɢɫɶɝɪɹɡɶɢɠɢɪ ȼɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɚɧɟɥɢɦɨɝɭɬɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶɫɹɞɵɦɢɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɣ
ɡɚɩɚɯɄɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɷɬɨɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɩɨɠɚɪɭ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɚɪ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɪɭɢ ɩɨɞ
ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɞɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɡɨɧɚɦ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ
ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɝɨɬɨɜɶɬɟ ɩɢɳɭ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ
ɫɬɟɤɥɨɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɚɧɟɥɢ
ȼɫɟɝɞɚɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɞɥɹɷɬɨɝɨɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɭɸɩɨɫɭɞɭ
ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ȼɵ
ɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɢɳɭ ɇɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɣɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɚɤɢɟɥɢɛɨɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ
ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɜ
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɪɚɡɞɟɥɨɱɧɨɣɞɨɫɤɢ
ɇɟ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɧɚɞ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɟ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɚɞɟɧɢɹɨɧɢɦɨɝɭɬɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ
ɦɟɫɬɚɫɤɥɚɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ
ɇɟɞɜɢɝɚɣɬɟɩɨɫɭɞɭɩɨɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɚɧɟɥɢ
Ⱦɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɫ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ
ȼɕȻɈɊɆȿɋɌȺȾɅəɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɂ
ȼȺɊɈɑɇɈɃɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɂ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣɛɵɬɨɜɨɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɨɥɠɟɧɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɩɪɨɱɬɢɬɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ
ȼɦɟɫɬɚɯɝɞɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵɝɚɡɨɜɵɟɩɥɢɬɵɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɬɟɩɥɨɢɜɥɚɝɚ
ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭɜɵɞɨɥɠɧɵɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶɯɨɪɨɲɭɸɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɸɜɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
ɥɢɛɨ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɵɬɹɠɤɢ ɉɪɢ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɢ
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɦɚɹɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɤɧɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢɟɫɥɢɨɧɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ
ȿɫɥɢɧɟɬɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɜɵɬɹɠɧɨɣɤɨɥɩɚɤɬɨɜɫɬɟɧɟɢɥɢɜ
ɨɤɨɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɦɟ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɜɬɹɠɧɨɣ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ
ȼɵɬɹɠɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɞɥɹ
ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɜ ɤɭɯɧɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɥɫɹ  ɪɚɡ ɜ ɱɚɫ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ
ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɪɚɜɢɥɢɧɨɪɦ
ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɣɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɨɦ ɫ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ
ɩɪɢɜɢɥɢɧɨɪɦɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɨɬɜɟɬɜɥɟɧɢɸ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ 
ɲɬɵɪɶɤɨɜɚɹ ɜɢɥɤɚɪɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɧɚ  Ⱥ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ
ɞɜɭɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɣ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɢ ɰɟɩɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɚ ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɩɥɚɜɤɨɝɨɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɹɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɚ
Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɜ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɨɣɧɚɢɡɞɟɥɢɢȿɫɥɢɞɥɢɧɚɤɚɛɟɥɹɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɉɈȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɂȿɄɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɋȿɌɂ
ɌɈɅɖɄɈȾɅəȼȿɅɂɄɈȻɊɂɌȺɇɂɂ
ɉɈȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɂȿɄɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɋȿɌɂ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ
ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɨɣɫɧɚɪɭɠɢɧɚɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵ
ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɬɨɦɱɬɨɜɯɨɞɧɨɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɢɫɬɟɦɭɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ ȼ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɷɬɨɝɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɧɢɦɚɟɬɫ
ɫɟɛɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɢ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚȿɫɥɢɤɤɚɛɟɥɸɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɧɟɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɚ
ɜɢɥɤɚ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɤ ɤɚɛɟɥɸ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɚɹ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɉɪɨɜɨɞ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɠɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɰɜɟɬ Ʉ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɟɞɨɥɠɟɧɜɫɟɝɞɚɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɣ
ɞɨɫɬɭɩ
ȿɫɥɢɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹɤɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ
ɬɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɡɚɦɟɧɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦ
ɉɪɨɜɨɞɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹɠɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɧɚɦɦɞɥɢɧɧɟɟɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜɮɚɡɵɢɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɢ
ɋɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɣɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɱɬɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɤɚɛɟɥɶɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɬɢɩɚ[PPð+**)ɞɥɹɩɥɢɬ
ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦɢɥɢ+99)ɞɥɹɩɥɢɬɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦ
58
ɎȺɁȺ
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ɇȿɃɌɊȺɅɖ
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1
Ʉɚɛɟɥɶ
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
Ʉɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ
ɀɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ
ɋɢɧɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ
Ʌɢɧɢɹ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
,ɤɥɚɫɫɡɚɳɢɬɵɨɬɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɬɨɤɨɦ
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɡɴɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ȿɫɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɜɢɥɤɨɣ
ɢɥɢ ɛɟɡ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɫ
ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɦɜɫɟɯɮɚɡɱɬɨɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɩɨɥɧɨɟɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ
ɩɟɪɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ,,, ɬɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɪɚɡɴɟɞɢɧɹɸɳɟɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɨɣ ɫɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ
ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɢ
ȼɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɥɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɧɚɝɪɟɜ ɞɨ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ  ɋ ɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɨɬ  ɞɨ  ɦɦ Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɪɟɡɚɧɨ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɨɥɚɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵɧɚɪɢɫ
ȿɫɥɢɩɨɞɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɢɦɟɟɬɫɹɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨɬɨ
ɩɨɞɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɧɭɠɧɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɢɡ ɬɟɩɥɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɢɡ
ɞɟɪɟɜɚɫɦɪɢɫ
ȿɫɥɢɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɬɚɤɱɬɨɩɨɨɛɟɟɟɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ
ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹɲɤɚɮɵɬɨɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦɟɠɞɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɢ
ɲɤɚɮɨɦɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɧɟɦɟɧɶɲɟɫɦɫɦɢɥɢɫɦɫɦɫɦ
ɪɢɫɚɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦɟɠɞɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ
ɫɡɚɞɢɫɬɟɧɨɣɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɧɟɦɟɧɶɲɟPP
Ɋɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦɟɠɞɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɢɞɪɭɝɢɦɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɜɵɬɹɠɧɨɣɤɨɥɩɚɤɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɧɟɦɟɧɶɲɟɫɦɫɦɪɢɫ
Ɇɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɜ ɹɳɢɤɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɬɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɢɡɡɚ ɪɟɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɭɸɞɟɪɟɜɹɧɧɭɸɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ȼɚɠɧɚɹɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɇɚɪɢɫɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɤɚɤɧɚɧɨɫɢɬɫɹɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɤ
ȼɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɡɚɠɢɦɨɜ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ȿɫɥɢɧɚɞɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚɩ௙௙ ɥɢɬɚɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ
ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɜɨɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣɦɟɛɟɥɢɞɥɹɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ
ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɉɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɷɬɢɯ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ  ɫɦ ɢ ɷɬɢ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɵɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶɫɹɬɚɤɤɚɤɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫ
ȿɫɥɢɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɫɦɢɥɢɫɦɤɪɟɩɢɬɫɹɧɚɞɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣɬɨɜ
ɞɭɯɨɜɤɟɞɨɥɠɧɚɛɵɬɶɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹɫɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ
ȼɋɌɊȺɂȼȺȿɆɕȿȼȺɊɈɑɇɕȿɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɂ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɥɢɧɧɵɣ
ɬɟɩɥɨɫɬɨɣɤɢɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɣ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ɉɈȾɋɈȿȾɂɇɂɌȿ ɄɄɅȿɆɆȿɈɌȼɈȾȺɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɋȿɌɂ
Ɂɟɥɟɧɨɠɟɥɬɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ Ɂɟɦɥɹ
ɋɢɧɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɇɟɣɬɪɚɥɶ
Ʉɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ Ɏɚɡɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɇɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɪɟɡ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɭɬɟɱɤɢɬɨɤɚɧɚɡɟɦɥɸɬɚɤɤɚɤɷɬɨɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɥɨɠɧɵɦ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɦ ȿɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɧɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɟɦ ɱɬɨ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ ɢ ɱɬɨ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɧɢɤɚɤɢɯɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɣɜɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɲɢɯ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ
ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɤɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
ɉɈȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɂȿɄɅɂɇɂɂȽȺɁɈɋɇȺȻɀȿɇɂə
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵɞɥɹɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɢɧɨɪɦ
Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɜɜɨɞ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɸ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɦɫɥɭɠɛɵ*DV6DIH
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ȻɕɌɈȼɈɃ ɌȿɏɇɂɄɂ əȼɅəȿɌɋə ɋɅɈɀɇɈɃ ɊȺȻɈɌɈɃ ɇȿɉɊȺȼɂɅɖɇɈȿ ȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇɂȿ ɄɈɌɈɊɈɃ ɆɈɀȿɌ
ɈɌɊɂɐȺɌȿɅɖɇɈɋɄȺɁȺɌɖɋəɇȺȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɌȿɅəɉɈɗɌɈɃɉɊɂɑɂɇȿɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺȻɕɌɈȼɈɃɌȿɏɇɂɄɂȾɈɅɀɇȺ
ȼɕɉɈɅɇəɌɖɋəȼɕɋɈɄɈɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɐɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕɆɂɋɉȿɐɂȺɅɂɋɌȺɆɂɄɈɌɈɊɕȿȼɕɉɈɅɇəɌɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɍɋɋɈȻɅɘȾȿɇɂȿɆȼɋȿɏ
ȾȿɃɋɌȼɍɘɓɂɏɉɊȺȼɂɅɂɇɈɊɆȼɌɈɆɋɅɍɑȺȿȿɋɅɂɗɌɈɉɊȿȾɈɋɌȿɊȿɀȿɇɂȿȻɍȾȿɌɉɊɈɂȽɇɈɊɂɊɈȼȺɇɈɂɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺȻɍȾȿɌ
ȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇȺ ɅɂɐɈɆ ɇȿ ɂɆȿɘɓɂɆ ȾɈɋɌȺɌɈɑɇɈɃ ɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɄȺɐɂɂ ɉɊɈɂɁȼɈȾɂɌȿɅɖ ɇȿ ȻɍȾȿɌ ɉɊɂɇɂɆȺɌɖ ɇɂɄȺɄɂɏ
ɉɊȿɌȿɇɁɂɃ ɈɌɇɈɋɂɌȿɅɖɇɈ ȼɕɏɈȾȺ ɈȻɈɊɍȾɈȼȺɇɂə ɂɁ ɋɌɊɈə ɂ ɇȺɇȿɋȿɇɇɈȽɈ ɉɊɂ ɗɌɈɆ ɍɓȿɊȻȺ ɂɆɍɓȿɋɌȼɍ ɂɅɂ
ɁȾɈɊɈȼɖɘɅɘȾȿɃ
ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɂɉɈȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇɂɘɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɂ
ȺȾȺɉɌȺɐɂəȼȺɊɈɑɇɈɃɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɂ
ɇȺȾɊɍȽɂȿɌɂɉɕȽȺɁȺ
Ⱦɥɹɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɞɥɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɞɪɭɝɢɦɢɝɚɡɚɦɢ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟɧɢɠɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɢɢɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ
ɜɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɲɟɫɬɢɝɪɚɧɧɵɣɤɥɸɱɦɦɜɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɪɢɫ
ȼɵɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɭɢɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟɟɟɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɨɣɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ
ɬɨɦɭɬɢɩɭɝɚɡɚɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɛɭɞɟɬɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɫɦɬɚɛɥɢɰɭɬɢɩɨɜ
ɝɚɡɚ
ɊȿȽɍɅɂɊɈȼɄȺɆɂɇɂɆȺɅɖɇɈȽɈɉɅȺɆȿɇɂ
ɉɨɫɥɟɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚɜɵɫɨɬɵ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɢɜ
ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɭɫɢɥɢɟ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɜɢɧɬɚ ɢ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɪɬɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ  ɉɨɜɨɪɨɬ
ɜɢɧɬɚɩɨɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɟɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɩɨɬɨɤɝɚɡɚɚɩɨɜɨɪɨɬɜɢɧɬɚ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɩɨɬɨɤɝɚɡɚɋɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɷɬɨɣ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɟɩɥɚɦɹɜɵɫɨɬɨɣɦɦɚɡɚɬɟɦɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɧɚɦɟɫɬɨɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ
ȿɫɥɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɣɧɟɮɬɹɧɨɣɝɚɡɋɇȽ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ
ɜɢɧɬɞɨɭɩɨɪɚɩɨɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ
ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɂɉɈɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂɂ
ȼȺɊɈɑɇɈɃɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɂ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɬɨɥɶɤɨɞɥɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɩɨɟɝɨɩɪɹɦɨɦɭɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɬɨɟɫɬɶɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɢɳɢɜ
ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ Ʌɸɛɨɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɢɩɨɬɟɪɢɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɫɹɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɇɂȿȽȺɁɈȼɈɃɄɈɇɎɈɊɄɂ
58
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɭ ɩɨɞɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɤ ɧɟɣ ɡɚɠɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɩɢɱɤɭ
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɧɚɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɜɵɫɨɬɵɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɢɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɟɟ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ
ȿɫɥɢ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ
ɞɧɟɣ ɬɨ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɭ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ
ɫɟɤɭɧɞɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɢɡɬɪɭɛɨɤɜɵɲɟɥɜɨɡɞɭɯ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɭ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɧɭɸ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɧɚɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɜɵɫɨɬɵɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɢɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɟɟ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɜɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɟɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ
ɡɚɠɝɢɬɟɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɭɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɧɚɠɚɬɢɹɤɧɨɩɤɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ
ȿɫɥɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɨɦɩɪɨɫɬɨɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɧɚɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɜɵɫɨɬɵ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɟɟɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɤɨɦ
ɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ
ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɢɫɤɪɵɞɨɬɟɯɩɨɪɩɨɤɚɪɭɱɤɚɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ
ɛɭɞɟɬɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɧɚɠɚɬɨɦɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ȼɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɵɦ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɟɦ
ȼɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɨɣɧɚɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧ ɬɢɩ ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ
ɥɢɧɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɦɭ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɱɬɨɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚɧɚɬɨɬɬɢɩ
ɝɚɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜ ɧɟɟ ɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ȿɫɥɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɧɟɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚɧɚɧɭɠɧɵɣɬɢɩɝɚɡɚɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɤ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚɯ ɝɞɟ
ɨɩɢɫɚɧɨɤɚɤɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɧɚ ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɨɦ ɝɚɡɟ ɝɚɡ ɜ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɦɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɝɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ
ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ
Ɍɪɭɛɵ ɲɚɣɛɵ ɢ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ
ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɤɨɥɟɧɨɦ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɨɦ
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦ ɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɪɟɡɶɛɭ ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɬɚɤɢɯɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɨɜɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɇɚ
ɪɢɫ  ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤ ɫ ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɪɟɡɶɛɨɣ ɨɬ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɚ ɫ ɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɡɶɛɨɣ &<
ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɋɈ ɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ȼ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɪɟɡɶɛɚɞɨɥɠɧɚɛɵɬɶ
ȼɥɸɛɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɤɨɧɟɰɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɚɫɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɟɡɶɛɨɣ
ɞɨɥɠɟɧɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɬɶɫɹɤɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ȿɫɥɢɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɤɥɢɧɢɢɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɝɢɛɤɨɝɨ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɱɬɨ
ɞɥɢɧɚɝɢɛɤɨɝɨɲɥɚɧɝɚɧɟɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬɦ
Ƚɢɛɤɚɹ ɬɪɭɛɤɚ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ
ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɥɚ ɫ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɵɦɢ ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɹɳɢɤɨɦɢɧɟɩɪɨɥɟɝɚɥɚɜɦɟɫɬɚɯɝɞɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɟɪɟɠɚɬɚ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭɤɚɤɨɩɢɫɚɧɨɫɦɪɢɫ
ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɞɟɬɚɥɢɤɚɤɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ
Ⱥɉɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɫɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɟɡɶɛɨɣɞɸɣɦɚ
ȼɉɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚɞɸɣɦɚ
ɋȽɚɡɨɜɵɣɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɫɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣɪɟɡɶɛɨɣɞɸɣɦɚɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɢɥɢɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
Ɂɚɬɹɧɢɬɟɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɝɚɟɱɧɵɯɤɥɸɱɟɣɉɟɪɟɞɬɟɦ
ɤɚɤɡɚɬɹɧɭɬɶɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɬɪɭɛɵɜɧɭɠɧɨɟɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
 ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɤɨɥɟɧɨ ɋ ɤ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɝɚɡɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣɦɟɞɧɨɣɬɪɭɛɵɢɥɢɝɢɛɤɨɣɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɣɬɪɭɛɵ
ȼȺɀɇɈȿ ɁȺɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ
ɭɬɟɱɟɤ ɝɚɡɚ ɜɫɟ ɬɪɭɛɧɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɵɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚɇɂɄɈȽȾȺɇȿɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɍɃɌȿȾɅəɉɊɈȼȿɊɄɂɍɌȿɑȿɄ
ȽȺɁȺ ɉɅȺɆə ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɱɬɨ ɝɢɛɤɢɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ ɧɟ
ɫɨɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɞɜɢɠɭɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɜɵɞɜɢɠɧɨɣɹɳɢɤɢɧɟɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬɜɬɚɤɨɦɦɟɫɬɟɝɞɟ
ɨɧɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧ
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵ
ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɭɟɬɟ ɡɚɩɚɯ ɝɚɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɨɞɚɱɭ ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɢɜɵɡɨɜɢɬɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɇɟɢɳɢɬɟɦɟɫɬɨɭɬɟɱɤɢɝɚɡɚɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɤ ɞɥɹ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɢɩ ɝɚɡɚ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɫɬɚɪɭɸ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɭ
ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɤɚɡɚɧ ɬɢɩ
ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɭɤɚɡɚɧɬɢɩɝɚɡɚɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɩɟɪɟɜɟɞɟɧɚ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɟ
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɤɚɤɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɟɧɢɠɟȿɫɥɢɜɵɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɟ
ɱɭɝɭɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɩɨɞ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɦɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
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'&N:0212




Ɇɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɹɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚ
ɉɨɥɭɛɵɫɬɪɚɹɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚ
Ȼɵɫɬɪɚɹɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚ
ɇɩɴɨɩɬɭɷ
ɥȽɭ




*ɧɜɛɫ
ɧɠɭɛɨ
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ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
*ɧɜɛɫ
ɌɈȾ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɉɪɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɵɢɥɢɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɝɨɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ
ɩɥɚɦɹɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɨɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɱɬɨɛɵɨɧɨɧɟ
ɜɵɯɨɞɢɥɨɡɚɩɪɟɞɟɥɵɞɧɚɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɵɢɥɢɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɢɇɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɫɭɞɨɣɫɜɵɩɭɤɥɵɦɢɥɢɜɨɝɧɭɬɵɦɞɧɨɦ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȿɫɥɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨ ɩɨɝɚɫɧɟɬ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ȼɕɄɅ ɢ ɧɟ
ɩɵɬɚɣɬɟɫɶɡɚɠɟɱɶɩɥɚɦɹɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɩɨɤɪɚɣɧɟɣɦɟɪɟɨɞɧɨɣ
ɦɢɧɭɬɵ
ȿɫɥɢɱɟɪɟɡɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɥɟɬɪɚɛɨɬɵɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɝɚɡɨɜɵɟ
ɤɪɚɧɵɛɭɞɭɬɬɭɝɨɩɨɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɬɨɢɯɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɦɚɡɚɬɶ
ɗɬɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦɩɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ
ɈȻɋɅɍɀɂȼȺɇɂȿɂɑɂɋɌɄȺ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɨɫɬɵɥɚ ȼɵɧɶɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ
ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɚ ɤ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɩɢɬɚɸɳɟɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ
ɑɢɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɞɟɬɶɦɢɛɟɡɧɚɞɡɨɪɚɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɨɬɛɟɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɟɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɢɥɢɤɢɫɥɨɬɵɇɟ
ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɥɚɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ
ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣɚɬɚɤɠɟɞɟɬɚɥɟɣɢɡɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣɫɬɚɥɢɤɢɫɥɨɬɚɦɢɢ
ɳɟɥɨɱɚɦɢɥɢɦɨɧɧɵɣɫɨɤɭɤɫɭɫɢɬɩ
Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɚɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɯɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɵɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ
ɢɥɢɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɦɨɸɳɟɝɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚȾɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ
ɢɡɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣɫɬɚɥɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɦ
Ʉɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɱɢɳɚɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɵɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ Ⱦɥɹ
ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɥɟɫɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɛɵɬɨɜɨɟ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɟɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɉɨɫɥɟ
ɱɢɫɬɤɢɝɨɪɟɥɨɤɜɵɫɭɲɢɬɟɢɯɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɧɚɦɟɫɬɨ
ɉɪɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɵ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ
ɏɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɢɢɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ
ɏɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɢɢɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦɬɟɦɧɟɸɬ
ɗɬɨɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɟɢɧɟɢɡɛɟɠɧɨɟɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɧɟɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ
ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɜɥɢɹɧɢɹɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɟ
ɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɨɞɚɠɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɧɚɲɟɣɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ
ɉɈɋɅȿɉɊɈȾȺɀɇɈȿɈȻɋɅɍɀɂȼȺɇɂȿ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸɞɥɹɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹɪɟɦɨɧɬɚɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɱɬɨɜɢɥɤɚɤɚɛɟɥɹɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚɜ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ ɢ ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɟɥ ɩɥɚɜɤɢɣ
ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɱɬɨɝɚɡɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ
ȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɭ
ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪ
ɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɨɞɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɇȿ ɉɕɌȺɃɌȿɋɖ
ɈɌɊȿɆɈɇɌɂɊɈȼȺɌɖ ɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɉɊɂȻɈɊɋȺɆɈɋɌɈəɌȿɅɖɇɈ
ɋɟɪɢɣɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ  ɰɢɮɪ ɉɟɪɜɵɟ  ɰɢɮɪ ± ɤɨɞ
ɦɨɞɟɥɢɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɰɢɮɪɵ±ɞɚɬɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɝɨɞɧɟɞɟɥɹ
ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟɰɢɮɪɵ±ɡɚɜɨɞɫɤɢɟɧɨɦɟɪɚ
ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹɨɬɯɨɞɨɜɢɡɚɳɢɬɚ
ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ ȿɋ (8 ɨɛ
ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ:(((Ɉɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɤɚɤ
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɜɪɟɞɧɨɟɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɧɚɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ
ɫɪɟɞɭɬɚɤɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɦɨɝɭɬ
ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨ ȼɚɠɧɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɨɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɥɢ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɭ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɫɟɯ
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɢɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣɜɫɟɯɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜȾɚɠɟ
ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɥɸɞɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɝɪɚɬɶ ɜɚɠɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ
ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɚɠɧɨɥɢɲɶɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ
 ɋ ɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɧɟɥɶɡɹɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹɤɚɤɫɨɛɵɱɧɵɦɢɛɵɬɨɜɵɦɢɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ
Ɉɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɫɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɩɪɢɟɦɚ ɩɨɞ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ
ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢɢɥɢɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ
ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ
ȼɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɨɝɭɬɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ
ɜɵɜɨɡ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɞɨɦɚ ɉɪɢ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɪɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɟɟɫɹ ɤ ɬɨɦɭ ɠɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɭ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɞɥɹ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯ ɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɦɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ
ɦɨɠɧɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɭɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɨɛɹɡɚɧɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨɩɪɢɧɹɬɶɟɝɨ
ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɟ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɋɨɸɡɚ
(&*$'ɚɫɝ±Ɋɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɭɩɨ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɦ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦ*$5
Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɚɹɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭɧɚɷɬɨɣɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɦɵɡɚɹɜɥɹɟɦ
ɩɨɞ ɧɚɲɭ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɜɫɟɦ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɦ
ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɜɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɞɥɹɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɜɢɞɚ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ
ɗɬɨɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦ
Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɋɨɸɡɚ
 ɌɊ Ɍɋ  ³Ɉ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɢɡɤɨɜɨɥɶɬɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ´
 ɌɊ Ɍɋ  ³Ɉ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯɧɚɝɚɡɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɦɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ´
ɌɊɌɋ³ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚɹɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ´
Ɋɍɋ ɂɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɟ ɩɨ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɢɭɫɥɭɝ©ɊɈɋɌȿɋɌɆɈɋɄȼȺªɝɆɨɫɤɜɚ
Ʉɨɩɢɸ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜ
ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɟ ɝɞɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɥɫɹ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɜ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ ɧɚ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɭɸɩɨɱɬɭFDQG\PRZ#FDQG\UX
58
ȿɫɥɢ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ  ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɜɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɢɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɭɸɜɵɲɟ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ
ȼ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɦ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ
ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɞɚɱɭ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɧɟɡɚɩɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɝɚɫɚɧɢɹɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɡɚɠɢɝɚɸɬɫɹɤɚɤɨɩɢɫɚɧɨɜɵɲɟɧɨ
ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ
ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ
ɉɟɪɟɞɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦɝɚɡɨɜɨɣɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɱɬɨ
ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɢ ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ
ȿɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ ɧɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɭɱɬɨɛɵɡɚɠɟɱɶɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ
 ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɞɨ
ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ
ɍɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɣɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɢ ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ  ɫɟɤɭɧɞ
ɩɨɫɥɟɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ
ɉɈɅȿɁɇɕȿɋɈȼȿɌɕ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɢɥɭɱɲɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ
ɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɚɦɢɢɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɹɦɢɫɩɥɨɫɤɢɦɞɧɨɦɪɚɡɦɟɪɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɦɝɚɡɨɜɵɯɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤɫɦɌɚɛɥȺ
ɋɈɏɊȺɇȿɇɂȿɂɍȼȺɀȿɇɂȿɋɊȿȾɕ
ɉɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɤɪɵɲɤɭɱɬɨɛɵɧɚɤɪɵɬɶɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɸ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟɩɥɚɦɹɱɬɨɛɵɧɟɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɬɶɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɵ
ȾȿɄɅȺɊȺɐɂəɋɈɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂə
Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɬɨɥɶɤɨɞɥɹɛɵɬɨɜɵɯɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ
58
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ
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6,
3ULSRURþDPRYDPGDQDYRGLOD]DQDPHVWLWHYLQ
XSRUDER VKUDQLWH ]D SR]QHMãR XSRUDER LQ SUHG
QDPHVWLWYLMR NXKDOQH SORãþH ]DEHOHåLWH QMHQR
VHULMVNRãWHYLONRYSULPHUXþHSRWUHEXMHWHSRPRþ
SRSURGDMQHJDVHUYLVD
232=25,/21DSUDYDLQGRVWRSQLGHOLVHPHG
XSRUDER VHJUHMHMR 3D]LWH GD VH QH GRWLNDWH
JUHOQLKHOHPHQWRY2WURFLPODMãLRGOHWQHVPHMR
XSRUDEOMDWL QDSUDYH UD]HQ þH VR SRG VWDOQLP
QDG]RURP
232=25,/2 8SRUDEOMDMWH VDPR ]DãþLWH
NXKDOQLK SORãþ NL MLK MH L]GHODO SURL]YDMDOHF
QDSUDYH ]D NXKDQMH DOL NL MLK MH SURL]YDMDOHF
QDYHGHOYXSRUDEQLãNLKQDYRGLOLKNRWSULPHUQHDOL
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QHXVWUH]QLK]DãþLWODKNRSRY]URþLQHVUHþH
232=25,/21HQDG]RURYDQRNXKDQMHQDSORãþL
] PDVWMR DOL ROMHP MH ODKNR QHYDUQR LQ ODKNR
SULYHGHGRSRåDUD1,.2/,QHSRVNXãDMWHJDVLWL
SRåDUD]YRGRWHPYHþL]NORSLWHQDSUDYRLQQDWR
SRNULMWHRJHQMQSUVSRNURYRPDOLSRåDUQRRGHMR
232=25,/2 1HYDUQRVW SRåDUD QD NXKDOQLK
SRYUãLQDKQHKUDQLWHSUHGPHWRY
232=25,/2 ýH MH SRYUãLQD SRþHQD VH QH
GRWLNDMWH VWHNOD LQ L]NORSLWH QDSUDYR GD EL VH
L]RJQLOLPRUHELWQHPXHOHNWULþQHPXXGDUX
7RQDSUDYRODKNRXSRUDEOMDMRRWURFLRGRVPHJD
OHWD QDSUHM LQ RVHEH ] ]PDQMãDQLPL WHOHVQLPL
VHQ]RULþQLPL DOL UD]XPVNLPL VSRVREQRVWPL
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QDG]RURPDOLþHVRGRELOLXVWUH]QDQDYRGLODJOHGH
YDUQH XSRUDEH QDSUDYH LQ þH VH ]DYHGDMR
QHYDUQRVWL NL MLK QMHQD XSRUDED SULQDãD
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QHVPHMRL]YDMDWLEUH]QDG]RUD
32=25 3RVWRSHN NXKDQMD PRUD ELWL SRG
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YWLNDþ PRUDWD L]SROQMHYDWL YHOMDYQH QRUPH Y
GUåDYLNMHUERQDSUDYDSULNORSOMHQDYRPUHåMH
3ULNORSYHOHNWULþQRRPUHåMHMHPRåQRL]YHVWLWXGL
WDNR GD MH QDSDMDQMH XUHMHQR SUHN XVWUH]QH
YDURYDONHYJUDMHQHPHGQDSUDYRLQYLUQDSDMDQMD
NL]DJRWDYOMDGDREUHPHQLWHYRPUHåMDQHSUHVHJD
SUHGSLVDQH]DNRQRGDMH
5XPHQR]HOHQHJDNDEODQLGRYROMHQRSUHNLQMDWL]
YDURYDONR9WLþQLFDDOLYDURYDONDNLVWDYJUDMHQL
PHG YWLþQLFR LQ QDSUDYR PRUDWD SR QDPHVWLWYL
QDSUDYHRVWDWLHQRVWDYQRGRVWRSQL
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GRGDWQR YJUDMHQHJD VWLNDOD QDPHãþHQHJD
VNODGQRVSUDYLOLHOHNWURVWURNH
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]DPHQMDWLSUHGVWDYQLNSURL]YDMDOFDSRREODãþHQH
VHUYLVQHVOXåEHDOLGUXJDVWURNRYQRXVSRVREOMHQD
RVHEDNDMWLPHQMDYDMHODKNRQHYDUQD.DEHO]D
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SULNOMXþNDELWLGDOMãLRGPP2GVHNQRWUDQMLK
SUHYRGQLNRYPRUDXVWUH]DWLPRþLNLMRDEVRUELUD
NXKDOQDSORãþDR]QDþHQDQDR]QDNL1DSDMDOQL
NDEHOPRUDELWLYUVWH+**)]DNXKDOQHSORãþH
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VHODKNRVHJUHMHMR
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SRODJDWLQDRJUHYDQRREPRþMH
3R YVDNL XSRUDEL MH SRWUHEQR NXKDOQR SORãþR
QHNROLNR RþLVWLWL GD VH SUHSUHþL QDELUDQMH
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SRQRYQRVHJUHYDODSULQDVOHGQMLXSRUDELNXKDOQH
SORãþH WHU VH VPRGLOD WHU RGGDMDOD GLP LQ
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0HGXSRUDERLQãHQHNDMþDVDSRXSRUDELVHQH
GRWLNDMWHRJUHYDQLKSRYUãLQ
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VWHNORNHUDPLþQLNXKDOQLSORãþL
9HGQRXSRUDEOMDMWHXVWUH]QRNXKLQMVNRSRVRGR
3RVRGR YHGQR SRORåLWH QD VUHGLQR HQRWH QD
NDWHULNXKDWH1DXSUDYOMDOQRSORãþRQHSRODJDMWH
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SRYUãLQR
3RYUãLQHQHXSRUDEOMDMWHNRWUH]DOQRSORãþR
1HKUDQLWHWHåNLKVWYDULQDGNXKDOQRSORãþRýHOH
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SRãNRGEH
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NDNUãQLKNROLSUHGPHWRY
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NXKLQMVNHPSXOWXVRSULND]DQHQDVOLNL
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ELWLQD]DGQMLVWUDQLRG]LGXRGGDOMHQDYVDMPP
5D]GDOMDPHGNXKDOQRSORãþRLQHOHPHQWRPQDGQMRQSUNXKLQMVNR
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NRWSRVOHGLFDSUHWRND]UDND=DWRVHSULSRURþDXSRUDEDYPHVQLK
OHVHQLKSDQHORY
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.XKDOQDSORãþDMHRSUHPOMHQDVVSRQNDPL]DSULWUGLWHYNLMLKQDPHVWLWH
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ELWLSHþLFDRSUHPOMHQD]YHQWLODWRUMHP]DKODMHQMH
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XSRUDEOMDQ VDPR Y XVWUH]QR ]UDþQLK SURVWRULK 3UHG LQãWDODFLMR LQ
XSRUDERSUHEHULWHQDYRGLOD]DXSRUDER
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QDSULPHU]RGSLUDQMHPRNQDQDSURVWRDOLSRYHþDQMHPVWRSQMHKLWURVWL
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RGSUWLQDPL]D]UDþHQMH
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SUHGSLVDQHPXQDSDMDQMXLQQDSHWRVWL3RGDWNLVRQDYHGHQLQDWDEOLFL
QD]XQDQMLVWUDQLNXKDOQHSORãþH
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RGJRYRUQRVWL ]D PRUHELWQR ãNRGR DOL SRãNRGEH Y SULPHUX
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YWLNDþHPXSRUDELWHXVWUH]HQYWLNDþ ]D REUHPHQLWHYQDYHGHQRQD
WDEOLFLVSRGDWNL2]HPOMLWYHQLYRGMHREDUYDQUXPHQR]HOHQR9WLNDþ
PRUDELWLGRVHJOMLYWXGLSRYJUDGQML
9SULPHUXILNVQHSULNOMXþLWYHMHSRWUHEQRYJUDGLWLSUHNLQMDOR
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XVWUH]QR XVSRVREOMHQ VWURNRYQMDN SRREODãþHQHJD VHUYLVD GD VH
L]RJQHWHPRUHELWQHPXWYHJDQMX
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