Candy CVG74WPW User Manual
Displayed below is the user manual for CVG74WPW by Candy which is a product in the Hobs category. This manual has pages.
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ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦ Ⱦɟɬɹɦ ɦɥɚɞɲɟ ɥɟɬ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ
ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɟɫɥɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɚ
ɧɢɦɢɧɟɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɫɨ
ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɬɟɯ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ
ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɵ ɫ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ
ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɵɥɢ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɜ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ
ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ
ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨɫɥɭɱɚɹ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ ɉɪɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɢɳɢ ɫ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɠɢɪɨɜɢɥɢɦɚɫɥɚɜɫɟɝɞɚɫɥɟɞɢɬɟ
ɡɚɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɦɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɢɳɢɬɚɤɤɚɤɠɢɪɵ
ɢɥɢ ɦɚɫɥɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɧɟɡɚɩɧɨ ɡɚɝɨɪɟɬɶɫɹ
ɄȺɌȿȽɈɊɂɑȿɋɄɂɁȺɉɊȿɓȺȿɌɋəɬɭɲɢɬɶɨɝɨɧɶ
ɜɨɞɨɣ ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɧɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ
ɩɥɚɦɹɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɤɪɵɲɤɨɣɢɥɢɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɵɦ
ɨɞɟɹɥɨɦ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿɭɝɪɨɡɚɩɨɠɚɪɚɧɟɫɤɥɚɞɢɪɭɣɬɟɜɟɳɢ
ɧɚɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼɇɂɆȺɇɂȿ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ ɧɚ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ
ɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɵɯɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɢɡ
ɫɟɬɢ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ
ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɬɨɤɨɦ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɟɬɢ ɜ
ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟɥɟɬɢɫɬɚɪɲɟɥɢɰɚɫɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɚɬɚɤɠɟɫɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɨɩɵɬɨɦ
ɢɡɧɚɧɢɹɦɢɟɫɥɢɨɧɢɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹɩɨɞɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɨɦ
ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɚɠ ɩɨ
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɦɭɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦɢɨɫɨɡɧɚɸɬ
ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟɫɧɢɦɪɢɫɤɢɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ
ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɫ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ Ⱦɟɬɹɦ ɛɟɡ
ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢɩɨɨɱɢɫɬɤɟɢɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɩɢɳɢɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɬɶɛɟɡɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ
Ʉɪɚɬɤɨɫɪɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɳɢ
ɞɨɥɠɟɧɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɩɨɞɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ
ɇɚɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɬɶɞɟɬɟɣ
ɤɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɦɢɥɢɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɦɡɨɧɚɦɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ
ɞɨɬɟɯɩɨɪɩɨɤɚɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ
ɬɟɩɥɚɜɨɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɪɢɫɤɚɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɯ
ɨɠɨɝɨɜ ȼ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨɬɚɣɦɟɪɚɢɥɢ
ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɟɝɨɧɚɥɢɱɢɹɧɟɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ
ɧɚɝɚɥɨɝɟɧɧɵɟɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ
ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɜɢɥɤɭɤɲɧɭɪɭɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɦɭ
ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɬɨɤɢɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ
ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦɭ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ Ɋɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ
ɞɥɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ
ɢɦɟɬɶɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɵɣɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹɉɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ
ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɠɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɦ Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬ
ɉɊȺȼɂɅȺȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸ ȼ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɨɣ ɢ
ɜɢɥɤɨɣɩɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɚɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɶɪɨɡɟɬɤɭɧɚ
ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ȼɢɥɤɚ ɢ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɚ
ɞɨɥɠɧɵɨɬɜɟɱɚɬɶɧɨɪɦɚɦɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɜɫɬɪɚɧɟ
ɦɨɧɬɚɠɚɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɤɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɬɚɤɠɟ
ɦɨɠɧɨɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶɩɭɬɟɦɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹɦɟɠɞɭɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦɢ
ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɢ
ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ɀɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹɧɟɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɪɚɡɦɵɤɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ
ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɪɨɡɟɬɤɚɢɥɢɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶɞɨɥɠɧɵɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɭɞɨɛɧɨɣɡɨɧɟ
ɞɨɫɹɝɚɟɦɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɦɨɧɬɚɠɟɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ
Ⱦɥɹɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɦɨɠɧɨɥɢɛɨɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɶɪɨɡɟɬɤɭɜ
ɡɨɧɟ ɞɨɫɹɝɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɚ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ
ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɲɧɭɪɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɡɚɦɟɧɟɧ
ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɵɦ ɚɝɟɧɬɨɦ ɢɥɢ
ɥɢɰɨɦ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɦ ɜ ɫɯɨɠɟɦ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɨ
ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟɪɢɫɤɨɜɁɚɡɟɦɥɹɸɳɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞɠɟɥɬɨ
ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɥɢɧɧɟɟ ɧɚ ɦɦ ɫɨ
ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɤɥɟɦɦɧɨɣɤɨɥɨɞɤɢȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɧɚ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɒɧɭɪ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ
ɬɢɩɚ+**)ɞɥɹɩɥɢɬɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦɢɥɢ
+99)ɞɥɹɩɥɢɬɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵɬɚɤɢɟɤɚɤɧɨɠɢɜɢɥɤɢ
ɥɨɠɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɇɟɤɥɚɞɢɬɟɧɚɡɨɧɵɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɭɸɮɨɥɶɝɭ
ɢɧɟɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɧɚɧɢɯɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɭɸɩɨɫɭɞɭ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶɨɱɢɫɬɤɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɚɧɟɥɢɫɬɟɦɱɬɨɛɵ
ɧɚɧɟɣɧɟɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɢɫɶɝɪɹɡɶɢɠɢɪ ȼɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɪɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɚɧɟɥɢɦɨɝɭɬɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶɫɹɞɵɦɢɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɣ
ɡɚɩɚɯɄɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨɷɬɨɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢɤɩɨɠɚɪɭ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɚɪ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɪɭɢ ɩɨɞ
ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦɞɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɡɨɧɚɦ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚ ɜɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ
ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɝɨɬɨɜɶɬɟ ɩɢɳɭ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ
ɫɬɟɤɥɨɤɟɪɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɚɧɟɥɢ
ȼɫɟɝɞɚɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɞɥɹɷɬɨɝɨɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɭɸɩɨɫɭɞɭ
ȼɫɟɝɞɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɣɬɟ ɩɨɫɭɞɭ ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ
ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ȼɵ
ɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɢɳɭ ɇɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɣɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɤɚɤɢɟɥɢɛɨɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ
ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɜ
ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɪɚɡɞɟɥɨɱɧɨɣɞɨɫɤɢ
ɇɟ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɧɚɞ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɸ ɬɹɠɟɥɵɟ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵȼɫɥɭɱɚɟɩɚɞɟɧɢɹɨɧɢɦɨɝɭɬɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ
ɦɟɫɬɚɫɤɥɚɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ
ɇɟɞɜɢɝɚɣɬɟɩɨɫɭɞɭɩɨɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɚɧɟɥɢ
Ⱦɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɫ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬɫɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ
ȼɕȻɈɊɆȿɋɌȺȾɅəɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɂ
ȼȺɊɈɑɇɈɃɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɂ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣɛɵɬɨɜɨɣɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɨɥɠɟɧɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ
ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɯ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɩɪɨɱɬɢɬɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ
ȼɦɟɫɬɚɯɝɞɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵɝɚɡɨɜɵɟɩɥɢɬɵɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɬɟɩɥɨɢɜɥɚɝɚ
ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭɜɵɞɨɥɠɧɵɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶɯɨɪɨɲɭɸɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɸɜɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
ɥɢɛɨ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɵɬɹɠɤɢ ɉɪɢ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɢ
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɥɢɬɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɦɚɹɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɤɧɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɩɪɢɧɭɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢɟɫɥɢɨɧɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ
ȿɫɥɢɧɟɬɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɜɵɬɹɠɧɨɣɤɨɥɩɚɤɬɨɜɫɬɟɧɟɢɥɢɜ
ɨɤɨɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɦɟ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɜɬɹɠɧɨɣ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ
ȼɵɬɹɠɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɞɥɹ
ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɜ ɤɭɯɧɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɥɫɹ ɪɚɡ ɜ ɱɚɫ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ
ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɩɪɚɜɢɥɢɧɨɪɦ
ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɞɚɧɧɵɣɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɯ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤɨɦ ɫ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ
ɩɪɢɜɢɥɢɧɨɪɦɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɨɬɜɟɬɜɥɟɧɢɸ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɲɬɵɪɶɤɨɜɚɹ ɜɢɥɤɚɪɨɡɟɬɤɚ ɧɚ Ⱥ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ
ɞɜɭɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɣ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɢ ɰɟɩɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɚ ɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɩɥɚɜɤɨɝɨɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɹɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɚ
Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ
ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɜ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɨɣɧɚɢɡɞɟɥɢɢȿɫɥɢɞɥɢɧɚɤɚɛɟɥɹɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɉɈȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɂȿɄɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɋȿɌɂ
ɌɈɅɖɄɈȾɅəȼȿɅɂɄɈȻɊɂɌȺɇɂɂ
ɉɈȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɂȿɄɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɋȿɌɂ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ
ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɨɣɫɧɚɪɭɠɢɧɚɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵ
ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɬɨɦɱɬɨɜɯɨɞɧɨɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɫɢɫɬɟɦɭɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ ȼ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟɧɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹɷɬɨɝɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɧɢɦɚɟɬɫ
ɫɟɛɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɢ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚȿɫɥɢɤɤɚɛɟɥɸɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɧɟɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɚ
ɜɢɥɤɚ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɤ ɤɚɛɟɥɸ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɚɹ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ
ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɉɪɨɜɨɞ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɠɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɰɜɟɬ Ʉ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɨɡɟɬɤɟɞɨɥɠɟɧɜɫɟɝɞɚɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɣ
ɞɨɫɬɭɩ
ȿɫɥɢɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹɤɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ
ɬɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɡɚɦɟɧɚ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦ
ɉɪɨɜɨɞɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹɠɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣɞɨɥɠɟɧɛɵɬɶɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɧɚɦɦɞɥɢɧɧɟɟɩɪɨɜɨɞɨɜɮɚɡɵɢɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɢ
ɋɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɣɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɱɬɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɤɚɛɟɥɶɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɬɢɩɚ[PPð+**)ɞɥɹɩɥɢɬ
ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦɢɥɢ+99)ɞɥɹɩɥɢɬɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦ
58
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ɁȿɆɅə
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1
Ʉɚɛɟɥɶ
ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
Ʉɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ
ɀɟɥɬɨɡɟɥɟɧɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ
ɋɢɧɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ
Ʌɢɧɢɹ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
,ɤɥɚɫɫɡɚɳɢɬɵɨɬɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɬɨɤɨɦ
ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɡɴɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ȿɫɥɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɤɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɜɢɥɤɨɣ
ɢɥɢ ɛɟɡ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɫ
ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɦɜɫɟɯɮɚɡɱɬɨɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɩɨɥɧɨɟɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɨɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ
ɩɟɪɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ,,, ɬɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ
ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɪɚɡɴɟɞɢɧɹɸɳɟɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɫ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɨɣ ɫɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ
ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɤɢ
ȼɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɨɥɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɧɚɝɪɟɜ ɞɨ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɋ ɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɦɦ Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɪɟɡɚɧɨ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɝɨɫɬɨɥɚɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵɧɚɪɢɫ
ȿɫɥɢɩɨɞɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɢɦɟɟɬɫɹɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨɬɨ
ɩɨɞɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɧɭɠɧɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɢɡ ɬɟɩɥɨɢɡɨɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɢɡ
ɞɟɪɟɜɚɫɦɪɢɫ
ȿɫɥɢɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɬɚɤɱɬɨɩɨɨɛɟɟɟɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ
ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹɲɤɚɮɵɬɨɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦɟɠɞɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɢ
ɲɤɚɮɨɦɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɧɟɦɟɧɶɲɟɫɦɫɦɢɥɢɫɦɫɦɫɦ
ɪɢɫɚɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦɟɠɞɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɢɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ
ɫɡɚɞɢɫɬɟɧɨɣɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɧɟɦɟɧɶɲɟPP
Ɋɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦɟɠɞɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɢɞɪɭɝɢɦɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɦ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɜɵɬɹɠɧɨɣɤɨɥɩɚɤɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɧɟɦɟɧɶɲɟɫɦɫɦɪɢɫ
Ɇɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɜ ɹɳɢɤɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɬɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɢɡɡɚ ɪɟɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɭɸɞɟɪɟɜɹɧɧɭɸɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ȼɚɠɧɚɹɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɇɚɪɢɫɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɤɚɤɧɚɧɨɫɢɬɫɹɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɤ
ȼɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɡɚɠɢɦɨɜ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ȿɫɥɢɧɚɞɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚɩ ɥɢɬɚɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦɫɦɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ
ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɜɨɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣɦɟɛɟɥɢɞɥɹɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ
ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɉɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɷɬɢɯ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɫɦ ɢ ɷɬɢ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɵɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶɫɹɬɚɤɤɚɤɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫ
ȿɫɥɢɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɫɦɢɥɢɫɦɤɪɟɩɢɬɫɹɧɚɞɞɭɯɨɜɤɨɣɬɨɜ
ɞɭɯɨɜɤɟɞɨɥɠɧɚɛɵɬɶɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹɫɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ
ȼɋɌɊȺɂȼȺȿɆɕȿȼȺɊɈɑɇɕȿɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɂ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɥɢɧɧɵɣ
ɬɟɩɥɨɫɬɨɣɤɢɣ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɣ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ɉɈȾɋɈȿȾɂɇɂɌȿ ɄɄɅȿɆɆȿɈɌȼɈȾȺɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɋȿɌɂ
Ɂɟɥɟɧɨɠɟɥɬɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ Ɂɟɦɥɹ
ɋɢɧɢɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ ɇɟɣɬɪɚɥɶ
Ʉɨɪɢɱɧɟɜɵɣɩɪɨɜɨɞ Ɏɚɡɚ
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɇɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɪɟɡ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɭɬɟɱɤɢɬɨɤɚɧɚɡɟɦɥɸɬɚɤɤɚɤɷɬɨɦɨɠɟɬ
ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɥɨɠɧɵɦ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɦ ȿɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɧɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɟɦ ɱɬɨ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧ ɢ ɱɬɨ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɟɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɧɢɤɚɤɢɯɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɣɜɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɲɢɯ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ
ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɤɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢ
ɉɈȾɄɅɘɑȿɇɂȿɄɅɂɇɂɂȽȺɁɈɋɇȺȻɀȿɇɂə
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵɞɥɹɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜɢɦɟɸɳɢɯ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɢɧɨɪɦ
Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɜɜɨɞ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɸ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɨɦɫɥɭɠɛɵ*DV6DIH
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ȻɕɌɈȼɈɃ ɌȿɏɇɂɄɂ əȼɅəȿɌɋə ɋɅɈɀɇɈɃ ɊȺȻɈɌɈɃ ɇȿɉɊȺȼɂɅɖɇɈȿ ȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇɂȿ ɄɈɌɈɊɈɃ ɆɈɀȿɌ
ɈɌɊɂɐȺɌȿɅɖɇɈɋɄȺɁȺɌɖɋəɇȺȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɌȿɅəɉɈɗɌɈɃɉɊɂɑɂɇȿɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺȻɕɌɈȼɈɃɌȿɏɇɂɄɂȾɈɅɀɇȺ
ȼɕɉɈɅɇəɌɖɋəȼɕɋɈɄɈɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɐɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕɆɂɋɉȿɐɂȺɅɂɋɌȺɆɂɄɈɌɈɊɕȿȼɕɉɈɅɇəɌɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɍɋɋɈȻɅɘȾȿɇɂȿɆȼɋȿɏ
ȾȿɃɋɌȼɍɘɓɂɏɉɊȺȼɂɅɂɇɈɊɆȼɌɈɆɋɅɍɑȺȿȿɋɅɂɗɌɈɉɊȿȾɈɋɌȿɊȿɀȿɇɂȿȻɍȾȿɌɉɊɈɂȽɇɈɊɂɊɈȼȺɇɈɂɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺȻɍȾȿɌ
ȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇȺ ɅɂɐɈɆ ɇȿ ɂɆȿɘɓɂɆ ȾɈɋɌȺɌɈɑɇɈɃ ɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɄȺɐɂɂ ɉɊɈɂɁȼɈȾɂɌȿɅɖ ɇȿ ȻɍȾȿɌ ɉɊɂɇɂɆȺɌɖ ɇɂɄȺɄɂɏ
ɉɊȿɌȿɇɁɂɃ ɈɌɇɈɋɂɌȿɅɖɇɈ ȼɕɏɈȾȺ ɈȻɈɊɍȾɈȼȺɇɂə ɂɁ ɋɌɊɈə ɂ ɇȺɇȿɋȿɇɇɈȽɈ ɉɊɂ ɗɌɈɆ ɍɓȿɊȻȺ ɂɆɍɓȿɋɌȼɍ ɂɅɂ
ɁȾɈɊɈȼɖɘɅɘȾȿɃ
ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɂɉɈȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇɂɘɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɂ
ȺȾȺɉɌȺɐɂəȼȺɊɈɑɇɈɃɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɂ
ɇȺȾɊɍȽɂȿɌɂɉɕȽȺɁȺ
Ⱦɥɹɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɞɥɹɪɚɛɨɬɵɫɞɪɭɝɢɦɢɝɚɡɚɦɢ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟɧɢɠɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɢɢɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ
ɜɫɬɚɜɶɬɟɲɟɫɬɢɝɪɚɧɧɵɣɤɥɸɱɦɦɜɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɪɢɫ
ȼɵɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɭɢɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟɟɟɮɨɪɫɭɧɤɨɣɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ
ɬɨɦɭɬɢɩɭɝɚɡɚɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɛɭɞɟɬɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɫɦɬɚɛɥɢɰɭɬɢɩɨɜ
ɝɚɡɚ
ɊȿȽɍɅɂɊɈȼɄȺɆɂɇɂɆȺɅɖɇɈȽɈɉɅȺɆȿɇɂ
ɉɨɫɥɟɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚɜɵɫɨɬɵ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɢɜ
ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟɭɫɢɥɢɟ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɜɢɧɬɚ ɢ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɪɬɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ ɉɨɜɨɪɨɬ
ɜɢɧɬɚɩɨɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɟɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɩɨɬɨɤɝɚɡɚɚɩɨɜɨɪɨɬɜɢɧɬɚ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɩɨɬɨɤɝɚɡɚɋɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɷɬɨɣ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɟɩɥɚɦɹɜɵɫɨɬɨɣɦɦɚɡɚɬɟɦɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɧɚɦɟɫɬɨɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ
ȿɫɥɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɵɣɧɟɮɬɹɧɨɣɝɚɡɋɇȽ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ
ɜɢɧɬɞɨɭɩɨɪɚɩɨɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ
ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɂɉɈɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂɂ
ȼȺɊɈɑɇɈɃɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɂ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɢɛɨɪɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɬɨɥɶɤɨɞɥɹɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɩɨɟɝɨɩɪɹɦɨɦɭɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸɬɨɟɫɬɶɞɥɹɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɢɳɢɜ
ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ Ʌɸɛɨɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɢɩɨɬɟɪɢɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɫɹɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟɦɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɇɂȿȽȺɁɈȼɈɃɄɈɇɎɈɊɄɂ
58
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɭ ɩɨɞɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɤ ɧɟɣ ɡɚɠɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɩɢɱɤɭ
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɧɚɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɜɵɫɨɬɵɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɢɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɟɟ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ
ȿɫɥɢ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ
ɞɧɟɣ ɬɨ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɭ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ
ɫɟɤɭɧɞɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɢɡɬɪɭɛɨɤɜɵɲɟɥɜɨɡɞɭɯ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɠɟɱɶ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɭ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɧɭɸ
ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɧɚɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɜɵɫɨɬɵɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɢɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟɟɟ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɱɚɫɨɜɨɣɫɬɪɟɥɤɢɜɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɟɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ
ɡɚɠɝɢɬɟɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɭɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɧɚɠɚɬɢɹɤɧɨɩɤɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ
ȿɫɥɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɨɦɩɪɨɫɬɨɧɚɠɦɢɬɟɧɚɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɜɵɫɨɬɵ
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɟɟɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɤɨɦ
ɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɨɞɠɢɝɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ
ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɢɫɤɪɵɞɨɬɟɯɩɨɪɩɨɤɚɪɭɱɤɚɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ
ɛɭɞɟɬɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹɜɧɚɠɚɬɨɦɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
ȼɫɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɨɬɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɵɦ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɟɦ
ȼɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɨɣɧɚɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɩɚɫɩɨɪɬɧɨɣɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɟ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧ ɬɢɩ ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ
ɥɢɧɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɤ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɦɭ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶɱɬɨɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚɧɚɬɨɬɬɢɩ
ɝɚɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜ ɧɟɟ ɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ȿɫɥɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɧɟɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚɧɚɧɭɠɧɵɣɬɢɩɝɚɡɚɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶɤ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚɯ ɝɞɟ
ɨɩɢɫɚɧɨɤɚɤɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɧɚ ɫɠɢɠɟɧɧɨɦ ɝɚɡɟ ɝɚɡ ɜ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɦɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɝɨɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ
ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ
Ɍɪɭɛɵ ɲɚɣɛɵ ɢ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ
ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɤɨɥɟɧɨɦ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɨɦ
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦ ɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɪɟɡɶɛɭ ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɬɚɤɢɯɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɨɜɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɇɚ
ɪɢɫ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤ ɫ ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɪɟɡɶɛɨɣ ɨɬ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɚ ɫ ɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɡɶɛɨɣ &<
ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɋɈ ɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ȼ ɥɸɛɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɪɟɡɶɛɚɞɨɥɠɧɚɛɵɬɶ
ȼɥɸɛɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɤɨɧɟɰɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɚɫɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɟɡɶɛɨɣ
ɞɨɥɠɟɧɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɬɶɫɹɤɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ȿɫɥɢɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɤɥɢɧɢɢɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ
ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɝɢɛɤɨɝɨ ɲɥɚɧɝɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɱɬɨ
ɞɥɢɧɚɝɢɛɤɨɝɨɲɥɚɧɝɚɧɟɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬɦ
Ƚɢɛɤɚɹ ɬɪɭɛɤɚ ɦɨɧɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ
ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɥɚ ɫ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɵɦɢ ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɹɳɢɤɨɦɢɧɟɩɪɨɥɟɝɚɥɚɜɦɟɫɬɚɯɝɞɟɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɟɪɟɠɚɬɚ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭɤɚɤɨɩɢɫɚɧɨɫɦɪɢɫ
ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɞɟɬɚɥɢɤɚɤɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ
Ⱥɉɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɫɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɪɟɡɶɛɨɣɞɸɣɦɚ
ȼɉɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚɞɸɣɦɚ
ɋȽɚɡɨɜɵɣɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɫɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣɪɟɡɶɛɨɣɞɸɣɦɚɤɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɢɥɢɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
Ɂɚɬɹɧɢɬɟɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɝɚɟɱɧɵɯɤɥɸɱɟɣɉɟɪɟɞɬɟɦ
ɤɚɤɡɚɬɹɧɭɬɶɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɬɪɭɛɵɜɧɭɠɧɨɟɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɉɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɤɨɥɟɧɨ ɋ ɤ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɝɚɡɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɠɟɫɬɤɨɣɦɟɞɧɨɣɬɪɭɛɵɢɥɢɝɢɛɤɨɣɫɬɚɥɶɧɨɣɬɪɭɛɵ
ȼȺɀɇɈȿ ɁȺɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɧɚ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ
ɭɬɟɱɟɤ ɝɚɡɚ ɜɫɟ ɬɪɭɛɧɵɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɵɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚɇɂɄɈȽȾȺɇȿɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɍɃɌȿȾɅəɉɊɈȼȿɊɄɂɍɌȿɑȿɄ
ȽȺɁȺ ɉɅȺɆə ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɱɬɨ ɝɢɛɤɢɣ ɲɥɚɧɝ ɧɟ
ɫɨɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɞɜɢɠɭɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ ɤɭɯɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɟɛɟɥɢ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɜɵɞɜɢɠɧɨɣɹɳɢɤɢɧɟɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬɜɬɚɤɨɦɦɟɫɬɟɝɞɟ
ɨɧɦɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧ
ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵ
ɩɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɭɟɬɟ ɡɚɩɚɯ ɝɚɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɨɞɚɱɭ ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɢɜɵɡɨɜɢɬɟɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɇɟɢɳɢɬɟɦɟɫɬɨɭɬɟɱɤɢɝɚɡɚɫ
ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɨɤ ɞɥɹ ɚɞɚɩɬɚɰɢɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɢɩ ɝɚɡɚ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟ ɫɬɚɪɭɸ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɤɭ
ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɧɚ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɭɤɚɡɚɧ ɬɢɩ
ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɫ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶɸɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɭɤɚɡɚɧɬɢɩɝɚɡɚɧɚɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɩɟɪɟɜɟɞɟɧɚ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɟ
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɤɚɤɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨɧɚɪɢɫɭɧɤɟɧɢɠɟȿɫɥɢɜɵɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɟ
ɱɭɝɭɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɩɨɞ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɦɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ
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Ɍɢɩɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ
ɬɥɩɝɩɫɩɟɶ
ɥɛɬɭɫɹɦɣFP
$8;
65
5
'&N:0212
Ɇɚɥɟɧɶɤɚɹɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚ
ɉɨɥɭɛɵɫɬɪɚɹɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚ
Ȼɵɫɬɪɚɹɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚ
ɇɩɴɨɩɬɭɷ
ɥȽɭ
*ɧɜɛɫ
ɧɠɭɛɨ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
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ɌɈȾ
ɥɱɚɫ
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ɥɱɚɫ
ɥɱɚɫ
ɉɪɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɵɢɥɢɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɝɨɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ
ɩɥɚɦɹɞɨɥɠɧɨɛɵɬɶɨɬɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɨɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦɱɬɨɛɵɨɧɨɧɟ
ɜɵɯɨɞɢɥɨɡɚɩɪɟɞɟɥɵɞɧɚɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɵɢɥɢɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɢɇɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɫɭɞɨɣɫɜɵɩɭɤɥɵɦɢɥɢɜɨɝɧɭɬɵɦɞɧɨɦ
ɉɊȿȾɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȿɫɥɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨ ɩɨɝɚɫɧɟɬ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ȼɕɄɅ ɢ ɧɟ
ɩɵɬɚɣɬɟɫɶɡɚɠɟɱɶɩɥɚɦɹɜɬɟɱɟɧɢɟɩɨɤɪɚɣɧɟɣɦɟɪɟɨɞɧɨɣ
ɦɢɧɭɬɵ
ȿɫɥɢɱɟɪɟɡɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨɥɟɬɪɚɛɨɬɵɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɝɚɡɨɜɵɟ
ɤɪɚɧɵɛɭɞɭɬɬɭɝɨɩɨɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹɬɨɢɯɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɦɚɡɚɬɶ
ɗɬɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɦɩɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ
ɈȻɋɅɍɀɂȼȺɇɂȿɂɑɂɋɌɄȺ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɨɫɬɵɥɚ ȼɵɧɶɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ
ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɚ ɤ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɟɬɢɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɩɢɬɚɸɳɟɟɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ
ɑɢɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹɞɟɬɶɦɢɛɟɡɧɚɞɡɨɪɚɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɯ
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɚɛɪɚɡɢɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɨɬɛɟɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɟɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɢɥɢɤɢɫɥɨɬɵɇɟ
ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɥɚɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ
ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣɚɬɚɤɠɟɞɟɬɚɥɟɣɢɡɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣɫɬɚɥɢɤɢɫɥɨɬɚɦɢɢ
ɳɟɥɨɱɚɦɢɥɢɦɨɧɧɵɣɫɨɤɭɤɫɭɫɢɬɩ
Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɷɦɚɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɚɤɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɯɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ
ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɵɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ
ɢɥɢɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɦɨɸɳɟɝɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚȾɥɹɨɱɢɫɬɤɢɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ
ɢɡɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣɫɬɚɥɢɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ
ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɦ
Ʉɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɱɢɳɚɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɵɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ Ⱦɥɹ
ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɥɟɫɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ
ɛɵɬɨɜɨɟ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɟɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɪɠɚɜɟɸɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɉɨɫɥɟ
ɱɢɫɬɤɢɝɨɪɟɥɨɤɜɵɫɭɲɢɬɟɢɯɢɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɧɚɦɟɫɬɨ
ɉɪɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɵ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ
ɏɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɢɢɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ
ɏɪɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟɪɟɲɟɬɤɢɢɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦɬɟɦɧɟɸɬ
ɗɬɨɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɟɢɧɟɢɡɛɟɠɧɨɟɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɧɟɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ
ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɜɥɢɹɧɢɹɧɚɪɚɛɨɬɭɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɫɬɢ ɡɚɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɟ
ɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɨɞɚɠɧɨɝɨɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹɧɚɲɟɣɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ
ɉɈɋɅȿɉɊɈȾȺɀɇɈȿɈȻɋɅɍɀɂȼȺɇɂȿ
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɸɞɥɹɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹɪɟɦɨɧɬɚɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɱɬɨɜɢɥɤɚɤɚɛɟɥɹɩɢɬɚɧɢɹɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɜɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚɜ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɭ ɢ ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɝɨɪɟɥ ɩɥɚɜɤɢɣ
ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶ
ɉɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɱɬɨɝɚɡɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ
ȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɭ
ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪ
ɩɨɫɥɟɩɪɨɞɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɇȿ ɉɕɌȺɃɌȿɋɖ
ɈɌɊȿɆɈɇɌɂɊɈȼȺɌɖ ɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɉɊɂȻɈɊɋȺɆɈɋɌɈəɌȿɅɖɇɈ
ɋɟɪɢɣɧɵɣ ɧɨɦɟɪ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɰɢɮɪ ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɰɢɮɪ ± ɤɨɞ
ɦɨɞɟɥɢɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟɰɢɮɪɵ±ɞɚɬɚɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɝɨɞɧɟɞɟɥɹ
ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟɰɢɮɪɵ±ɡɚɜɨɞɫɤɢɟɧɨɦɟɪɚ
ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹɨɬɯɨɞɨɜɢɡɚɳɢɬɚ
ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣɫɪɟɞɵ
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ ȿɋ (8 ɨɛ
ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ:(((Ɉɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɤɚɤ
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ
ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɜɪɟɞɧɨɟɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɧɚɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ
ɫɪɟɞɭɬɚɤɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɦɨɝɭɬ
ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨ ȼɚɠɧɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɨɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɥɢ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɭ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɫɟɯ
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɢɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣɜɫɟɯɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜȾɚɠɟ
ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɥɸɞɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɝɪɚɬɶ ɜɚɠɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ
ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɚɠɧɨɥɢɲɶɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ
ɋ ɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɧɟɥɶɡɹɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹɤɚɤɫɨɛɵɱɧɵɦɢɛɵɬɨɜɵɦɢɨɬɯɨɞɚɦɢ
Ɉɬɯɨɞɵɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɨɥɠɧɵ
ɫɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɩɪɢɟɦɚ ɩɨɞ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ
ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢɢɥɢɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ
ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ
ȼɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɨɝɭɬɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ
ɜɵɜɨɡ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɞɨɦɚ ɉɪɢ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɪɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɟɟɫɹ ɤ ɬɨɦɭ ɠɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɭ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɞɥɹ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯ ɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɦɵɣ ɩɪɢɛɨɪ
ɦɨɠɧɨɜɟɪɧɭɬɶɩɪɨɞɚɜɰɭɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɨɛɹɡɚɧɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨɩɪɢɧɹɬɶɟɝɨ
ɍɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɟ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɋɨɸɡɚ
(&*$'ɚɫɝ±Ɋɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɭɩɨ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɦ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚɦ*$5
Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɚɹɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭɧɚɷɬɨɣɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɦɵɡɚɹɜɥɹɟɦ
ɩɨɞ ɧɚɲɭ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɜɫɟɦ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɦ
ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ
ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɜɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟɞɥɹɞɚɧɧɨɝɨɜɢɞɚ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ
ɗɬɨɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦ
Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨɋɨɸɡɚ
ɌɊ Ɍɋ ³Ɉ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɢɡɤɨɜɨɥɶɬɧɨɝɨ
ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ´
ɌɊ Ɍɋ ³Ɉ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɯɧɚɝɚɡɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɦɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ´
ɌɊɌɋ³ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɚɹɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ´
Ɋɍɋ ɂɡɞɟɥɢɟ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɨ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɟ ɩɨ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢɢɭɫɥɭɝ©ɊɈɋɌȿɋɌɆɈɋɄȼȺªɝɆɨɫɤɜɚ
Ʉɨɩɢɸ ɫɟɪɬɢɮɢɤɚɬɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜ
ɦɚɝɚɡɢɧɟ ɝɞɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɥɫɹ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɜ ɡɚɩɪɨɫ ɧɚ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɭɸɩɨɱɬɭFDQG\PRZ#FDQG\UX
58
ȿɫɥɢ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɚ ɧɟ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɪɭɱɤɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢɜɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɢɩɨɜɬɨɪɢɬɟɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɭɸɜɵɲɟ
ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ
ȼ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɫɧɚɛɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɦ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ
ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɞɚɱɭ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɧɟɡɚɩɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɝɚɫɚɧɢɹɩɥɚɦɟɧɢɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢɡɚɠɢɝɚɸɬɫɹɤɚɤɨɩɢɫɚɧɨɜɵɲɟɧɨ
ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ
ɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ
ɉɟɪɟɞɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦɝɚɡɨɜɨɣɜɚɪɨɱɧɨɣɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟɱɬɨ
ɤɨɧɮɨɪɤɢ ɢ ɤɪɵɲɤɢ ɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ
ɜɚɪɨɱɧɭɸɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ
ȿɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɟ ɧɟɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɭɱɬɨɛɵɡɚɠɟɱɶɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɟɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɢ ɞɨ
ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ
ɍɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɣɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ
ɡɚɠɢɝɚɥɤɢ ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ
ɩɨɫɥɟɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ
ɉɈɅȿɁɇɕȿɋɈȼȿɌɕ
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɢɥɭɱɲɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ
ɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɚɦɢɢɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɹɦɢɫɩɥɨɫɤɢɦɞɧɨɦɪɚɡɦɟɪɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬɪɚɡɦɟɪɚɦɝɚɡɨɜɵɯɤɨɧɮɨɪɨɤɫɦɌɚɛɥȺ
ɋɈɏɊȺɇȿɇɂȿɂɍȼȺɀȿɇɂȿɋɊȿȾɕ
ɉɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɤɪɵɲɤɭɱɬɨɛɵɧɚɤɪɵɬɶɤɚɫɬɪɸɥɸ
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟɩɥɚɦɹɱɬɨɛɵɧɟɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɬɶɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɫɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɵ
ȾȿɄɅȺɊȺɐɂəɋɈɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂə
Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟɢɡɞɟɥɢɟɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨɬɨɥɶɤɨɞɥɹɛɵɬɨɜɵɯɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ
58
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