Table of Contents
- LTE7410
- User’s Guide
- Technical Reference
- Connection Status and System Info
- Broadband
- Home Networking
- Static Route
- DNS Route
- Network Address Translation (NAT)
- Dynamic DNS
- Firewall
- Certificates
- L2TP VPN
- GRE VPN
- VoIP
- System Monitor
- User Account
- TR-069 Client
- System
- Time Setting
- Log Setting
- Firmware Upgrade
- Backup/Restore
- Remote Management
- Diagnostic
- Troubleshooting
- Customer Support
- Legal Information
- Index
Zyxel LTE 7410 User Manual
Displayed below is the user manual for LTE 7410 by Zyxel which is a product in the Wired Routers category. This manual has pages.
Related Manuals
Quick Start Guide
www.zyxel.com
LTE7410
LTE Outdoor CPE
Version 2.60
Edition 1, 1/2016
Copyright © 2016 ZyXEL Communications Corporation
User’s Guide
Default Login Details
LAN IP Address https://192.168.1.1
User Name admin
Password 1234
LTE7410 User’s Guide
2
IMPORTANT!
READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.
KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Screenshots and graphics in this book may differ slightly from your product due to differences in
your product firmware or your computer operating system. Every effort has been made to ensure
that the information in this manual is accurate.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the LTE Device and get up and running right away.
Contents Overview
LTE7410 User’s Guide
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Contents Overview
User’s Guide .................................... ................................................................ .......... .........................10
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................12
Introducing the Web Configurator ...........................................................................................................14
Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................................18
Connection Status and System Info ........................................................................................................20
Broadband ...............................................................................................................................................24
Home Networking ....................................................................................................................................30
Static Route .............................................................................................................................................50
DNS Route ..............................................................................................................................................53
Network Address Translation (NAT) ........................................................................................................56
Dynamic DNS ..........................................................................................................................................64
Firewall ....................................................................................................................................................66
Certificates ..............................................................................................................................................80
L2TP VPN ...............................................................................................................................................87
GRE VPN ................................................................................................................................................89
VoIP .........................................................................................................................................................91
System Monitor ..................................................................................................................................... 113
User Account .........................................................................................................................................120
TR-069 Client ........................................................................................................................................121
System ..................................................................................................................................................123
Time Setting ..........................................................................................................................................124
Log Setting ...........................................................................................................................................126
Firmware Upgrade ................................................................................................................................128
Backup/Restore .....................................................................................................................................130
Remote Management ............................................................................................................................132
Diagnostic .............................................................................................................................................140
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................................141
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Table of Contents
Contents Overview ..............................................................................................................................3
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................4
Part I: User’s Guide .........................................................................................10
Chapter 1
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................12
1.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................12
1.2 Applications for the LTE Device ........................................................................................................12
1.2.1 Internet Access ........................................................................................................................12
1.2.2 VoIP Features ..........................................................................................................................12
1.3 Ways to Manage the LTE Device ......................................................................................................13
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the LTE Device .......................................................................................13
Chapter 2
Introducing the Web Configurator ....................................................................................................14
2.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................14
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................14
2.2 The Web Configurator Layout ...........................................................................................................16
2.2.1 Title Bar ...................................................................................................................................16
2.2.2 Main Window ...........................................................................................................................17
Part II: Technical Reference............................................................................18
Chapter 3
Connection Status and System Info .................................................................................................20
3.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................20
3.2 The Connection Status Screen .........................................................................................................20
3.3 The System Info Screen ....................................................................................................................21
Chapter 4
Broadband...........................................................................................................................................24
4.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................24
4.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ............................................................................................24
4.1.2 What You Need to Know ..........................................................................................................24
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4.1.3 Before You Begin .....................................................................................................................25
4.2 The Broadband Screen .....................................................................................................................25
4.2.1 Edit LTE Connection ................................................................................................................26
4.3 SIM Screen .......................................................................................................................................27
4.3.1 PUK Code Screen ...................................................................................................................28
4.4 Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................................29
Chapter 5
Home Networking ...............................................................................................................................30
5.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................30
5.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ............................................................................................30
5.1.2 What You Need To Know .........................................................................................................30
5.2 The LAN Setup Screen .....................................................................................................................32
5.3 The IPv6 LAN Setup Screen .............................................................................................................33
5.4 The Static DHCP Screen ...................................................................................................................37
5.4.1 Before You Begin .....................................................................................................................38
5.5 The UPnP Screen .............................................................................................................................39
5.6 Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................................39
5.7 Installing UPnP in Windows Example ...............................................................................................41
5.8 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ..............................................................................................44
Chapter 6
Static Route.........................................................................................................................................50
6.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................................50
6.2 Configuring Static Route ...................................................................................................................50
6.2.1 Add/Edit Static Lease ............................................................................................................51
Chapter 7
DNS Route...........................................................................................................................................53
7.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................53
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ............................................................................................53
7.2 The DNS Route Screen ....................................................................................................................54
7.2.1 Add/Edit DNS Route ...............................................................................................................54
Chapter 8
Network Address Translation (NAT)..................................................................................................56
8.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................................56
8.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ............................................................................................56
8.1.2 What You Need To Know .........................................................................................................56
8.2 The General Screen ..........................................................................................................................57
8.3 The Port Forwarding Screen ............................................................................................................57
8.3.1 The Port Forwarding Screen ...................................................................................................58
8.3.2 The Port Forwarding Add/Edit Screen .....................................................................................59
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8.4 The DMZ Screen ...............................................................................................................................60
8.5 The ALG Screen ...............................................................................................................................61
8.6 Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................................61
8.6.1 NAT Definitions ........................................................................................................................61
8.6.2 What NAT Does .......................................................................................................................62
8.6.3 How NAT Works ......................................................................................................................62
Chapter 9
Dynamic DNS ......................................................................................................................................64
9.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................................64
9.1.1 What You Need To Know .........................................................................................................64
9.2 The Dynamic DNS Screen ................................................................................................................64
Chapter 10
Firewall ................................................................................................................................................66
10.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................................66
10.1.1 What You Can Do in the Firewall Screens .............................................................................66
10.1.2 What You Need to Know About Firewall ................................................................................67
10.2 Firewall General Screen ..................................................................................................................68
10.3 Default Action Screen .....................................................................................................................69
10.4 Rules Screen ...................................................................................................................................70
10.4.1 Rules Add Screen ..................................................................................................................71
10.4.2 Customized Services ............................................................................................................73
10.4.3 Customized Service Add .......................................................................................................74
10.5 DoS Screen .....................................................................................................................................74
10.5.1 The DoS Advanced Screen ...................................................................................................75
10.5.2 Configuring Firewall Thresholds ............................................................................................76
10.6 Firewall Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................77
10.6.1 Firewall Rules Overview ........................................................................................................77
10.6.2 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall .........................................................78
10.6.3 Security Considerations .........................................................................................................79
Chapter 11
Certificates ..........................................................................................................................................80
11.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................................80
11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................................80
11.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................................80
11.1.3 Verifying a Certificate .............................................................................................................81
11.2 Local Certificates .............................................................................................................................82
11.3 Trusted CA ....................................................................................................................................84
11.4 Trusted CA Import .........................................................................................................................84
11.5 View Certificate ...............................................................................................................................85
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Chapter 12
L2TP VPN.............................................................................................................................................87
12.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................................87
12.2 The Setup Screen ...........................................................................................................................87
12.3 The Edit L2TP Tunnel Screen .........................................................................................................88
Chapter 13
GRE VPN................................................................................................ ........... ...................................89
13.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................................89
13.2 The Setup Screen ...........................................................................................................................89
13.3 The Edit GRE Tunnel Screen ..........................................................................................................90
Chapter 14
VoIP......................................................................................................................................................91
14.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................................91
14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................................91
14.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................................91
14.1.3 Before You Begin ...................................................................................................................92
14.2 The SIP Service Provider Screen ..................................................................................................93
14.2.1 Edit SIP Service Provider ......................................................................................................93
14.2.2 Dial Plan Rules ......................................................................................................................99
14.3 The SIP Account Screen ...............................................................................................................100
14.3.1 Edit SIP Account ..................................................................................................................100
14.4 Phone Screen ...............................................................................................................................103
14.5 Call Rule Screen ...........................................................................................................................104
14.6 Technical Reference ......................................................................................................................104
14.6.1 VoIP .....................................................................................................................................105
14.6.2 SIP ......................................................................................................................................105
14.6.3 Phone Services Overview ................................................................................................... 110
Chapter 15
System Monitor.................................................................................................................................113
15.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 113
15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................ 113
15.1.2 What You Need To Know ..................................................................................................... 113
15.2 The LTE Status Screen ................................................................................................................. 114
15.3 The Log Screen ............................................................................................................................. 115
15.4 The WAN Traffic Status Screen .................................................................................................... 116
15.5 The LAN Traffic Status Screen ...................................................................................................... 117
15.6 The NAT Traffic Status Screen ...................................................................................................... 117
15.7 The VoIP Status Screen ................................................................................................................ 118
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Chapter 16
User Account ....................................................................................................................................120
16.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................120
16.2 The User Account Screen .............................................................................................................120
Chapter 17
TR-069 Client.....................................................................................................................................121
17.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................121
17.2 The TR-069 Client Screen ............................................................................................................121
Chapter 18
System...............................................................................................................................................123
18.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................123
18.2 The System Screen .......................................................................................................................123
Chapter 19
Time Setting ......................................................................................................................................124
19.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................124
19.2 The Time Setting Screen .............................................................................................................124
Chapter 20
Log Setting .......................................................................................................................................126
20.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................126
20.2 The Log Setting Screen ................................................................................................................126
Chapter 21
Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................................................128
21.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................128
21.2 The Firmware Upgrade Screen .....................................................................................................128
Chapter 22
Backup/Restore ................................................................................................................................130
22.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................130
22.2 The Backup/Restore Screen .........................................................................................................130
22.3 The Reboot Screen .......................................................................................................................131
Chapter 23
Remote Management........................................................................................................................132
23.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................132
23.1.1 What You Can Do in the Remote Management Screens ....................................................132
23.1.2 What You Need to Know About Remote Management ........................................................133
23.2 The WWW Screen ........................................................................................................................133
23.2.1 Configuring the WWW Screen .............................................................................................133
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23.3 Telnet Screen ................................................................................................................................135
23.4 ICMP Screen .................................................................................................................................135
23.5 SSH Screen ..................................................................................................................................136
23.5.1 SSH Example ......................................................................................................................137
Chapter 24
Diagnostic .........................................................................................................................................140
24.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................140
24.2 The Ping/TraceRoute Screen ........................................................................................................140
Chapter 25
Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................141
25.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................141
25.2 Power and Hardware Connections ...............................................................................................141
25.3 LTE Device Access and Login ......................................................................................................141
25.4 Internet Access .............................................................................................................................143
25.5 Phone Calls and VoIP ...................................................................................................................144
25.6 UPnP .............................................................................................................................................144
Appendix A Customer Support ........................................................................................................146
Appendix B Legal Information..........................................................................................................152
Index ..................................................................................................................................................159
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PART I
User’s Guide
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LTE7410 User’s Guide
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CHAPTER 1
Introduction
1.1 Overview
The LTE Device is an outdoors LTE (Long Term Evolution) router that also supports a Gigabit
Ethernet connection. Its Voice over IP (VoIP) communication capabilities let you use a traditional
analog telephone to make Internet calls. The LTE Device also includes a robust firewall that uses
Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) technology and protects against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.
1.2 Applications for the LTE Device
Here are some example uses for which the LTE Device is well suited.
1.2.1 Internet Access
Your LTE Device provides shared Internet access by connecting to an LTE network. Computers can
connect to the LTE Device’s PoE injector.
Figure 1 LTE Device’s Internet Access Application
1.2.2 VoIP Features
Use SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) accounts with the LTE Device to make and receive VoIP
telephone calls.
LAN WAN
LTE
Chapter 1 Introduction
LTE7410 User’s Guide
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Figure 2 LTE Device’s VoIP Application
The LTE Device sends your call to a VoIP service provider’s SIP server which forwards your calls
towards the destination VoIP or PSTN phones.
1.3 Ways to Manage the LTE Device
Use the following method to manage the LTE Device.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the LTE Device using a
(supported) web browser.
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the LTE Device
Do the following things regularly to make the LTE Device more secure and to manage the LTE
Device more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different
types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier
working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you
forget your password to access the Web Configurator, you will have to reset the LTE Device to its
factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to
totally re-configure the LTE Device. You could simply restore your last configuration. Keep in
mind that backing up a configuration file will not back up passwords used to set up VoIP. Write
down any information your ISP provides you.
PSTN
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CHAPTER 2
Introducing the Web Configurator
2.1 Overview
The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy device setup and
management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 8.0 and later versions, Chrome 40 and
later versions, Mozilla Firefox 36 and later versions, or Safari 7.0 and later versions. The
recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator
1Make sure your LTE Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
2Launch your web browser.
3Type "https://192.168.1.1" as the URL. For security reason, the default setting of the URL uses the
secure version of Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
4A password screen displays. Type “admin” as the default Username and “1234” as the default
password to access the device’s Web Configurator. Click Login. If you have changed the password,
enter your password and click Login.
Figure 3 Password Screen
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
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Note: For security reasons, the LTE Device automatically logs you out if you do not use
the web configurator for five minutes (default). If this happens, log in again.
5The following screen displays if you have not yet changed your password. It is strongly
recommended you change the default password. Enter a new password, retype it to confirm and
click Apply.
Figure 4 Change Password Screen
6The Connection Status screen appears.
Figure 5 Connection Status
7Click System Info to display the System Info screen, where you can view the LTE Device’s
interface and system information.
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
LTE7410 User’s Guide
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2.2 The Web Configurator Layout
Click Connection Status > System Info to show the following screen.
Figure 6 Web Configurator Layout
As illustrated above, the main screen is divided into these parts:
•A - title bar
•B - main window
•C - navigation panel
2.2.1 Title Bar
The title bar shows the Logout icons in the upper right corner.
Click the Logout icon to log out of the web configurator.
B
A
a
C
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
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2.2.2 Main Window
The main window displays information and configuration fields. It is discussed in the rest of this
document.
Click LAN Dev ice on the System Info screen (a in Figure 6 on page 16) to display the
Connection Status screen. See Chapter 3 on page 20 for more information on the System Info
and Connection Status screens.
18
PART II
Technical Reference
19
LTE7410 User’s Guide
20
CHAPTER 3
Connection Status and System Info
3.1 Overview
After you log into the web configurator, the Connection Status screen appears. This shows the
network connection status of the LTE Device and clients connected to it.
Use the System Info screen to look at the current status of the device, system resources,
interfaces (LAN and WAN), and SIP accounts. You can also register and unregister SIP accounts.
3.2 The Connection Status Screen
Use this screen to view the network connection status of the device and its clients. A warning
message appears if there is a connection problem. You can configure how often you want the LTE
Device to update this screen in Refresh Interval.
Figure 7 Connection Status: Icon View
To view the connected LAN devices in a list, click List View in the Viewing mode selection box.
Figure 8 Connection Status: List View
In Icon View, if you want to view information about a client, click the client’s name and Info.
Chapter 3 Connection Status and System Info
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In List View, you can also view the client’s information.
3.3 The System Info Screen
Click Connection Status > System Info to open this screen.
Figure 9 System Info Screen
Each field is described in the following table.
Table 1 System Info Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Select how often you want the LTE Device to update this screen from the drop-
down list box.
Device Information
Host Name This field displays the LTE Device system name. It is used for identification. You can
change this in the Maintenance > System screen’s Host Name field.
Model Name This is the model name of your device.
MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your LTE
Device.
Firmware Version This field displays the current version of the firmware inside the device. It also
shows the date the firmware version was created. Go to the Maintenance >
Firmware Upgrade screen to change it.
LTE_WAN1 ~
LTE_WAN3 - IP Address
This field displays the current LTE IP address of the LTE Device in the WAN.
Chapter 3 Connection Status and System Info
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LAN Information
IP Address This field displays the current IP address of the LTE Device in the LAN.
IP Subnet Mask This field displays the current subnet mask in the LAN.
DHCP This field displays what DHCP services the LTE Device is providing to the LAN:
Server - The LTE Device is a DHCP server in the LAN. It assigns IP addresses to
other computers in the LAN.
None - The LTE Device is not providing any DHCP services to the LAN.
IPv6 Address This is the current IPv6 address of the LTE Device in the LAN.
Link-local IPv6
Address This is the current LAN IPv6 link-local address of the LTE Device.
IPv6 Prefix This is the current IPv6 prefix length in the LAN.
Preferred/Valid Time
(sec) This is the preferred lifetime and valid lifetime in the LAN.
DHCPv6 This field displays what DHCPv6 services the LTE Device is providing to the LAN:
Server - The Device is a DHCPv6 server in the LAN. It assigns IP addresses to
other computers in the LAN.
None - The LTE Device is not providing any DHCPv6 services to the LAN.
Radvd Mode This shows the status of RADVD (Router Advertisement Daemon).
IPv6 LAN DNS1/
DNS2 This is the first/second DNS server IPv6 address the LTE Device passes to the DHCP
clients.
Security
Firewall This shows whether or not the firewall is enabled (on).
LTE Status
LTE Status This displays UP for an LTE connection. Down displays when the LTE Device does
not have a cellular connection.
SIM Card Status This displays the SIM card status:
PIN DISABLE - the SIM card has no PIN code security.
PIN REQUIRED - the SIM card has PIN code security, but you did not enter the
PIN code yet.
PIN VERIFIED - the SIM card has PIN code security, and you entered the correct
PIN code.
PIN locked - you entered an incorrect PIN code too many times, so the SIM card
has been locked; call the ISP for a PUK (Pin Unlock Key) to unlock the SIM card.
SIM ERROR - the LTE Device does not detect that there is a SIM card inserted.
RSSI (dBm) This displays the strength of the LTE connection that the LTE Device has with the
base station which is also known as eNodeB or eNB.
RSRP (dBm) This displays the LTE RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power).
SINR (dB) This displays the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio in dB.
Service Provider This displays the service provider’s name of the connected LTE network.
Frequency Band This displays the frequency band of the cellular connection. LTE displays for an LTE
connection.
Connection Uptime This displays how long the LTE connection has been available since it was last
established successfully.
LTE Firmware
Version This displays the version of the firmware on the LTE module.
Table 1 System Info Screen (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Chapter 3 Connection Status and System Info
LTE7410 User’s Guide
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IMEI This displays the LTE Device’s International Mobile Equipment Identity number
(IMEI). An IMEI is a unique ID used to identify a mobile device.
IMSI This displays the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) of the installed
SIM card. An IMSI is a unique ID used to identify a mobile subscriber in a mobile
network.
System Status
System UpTime This field displays how long the LTE Device has been running since it last started
up. The LTE Device starts up when you plug it in, when you restart it
(Maintenance > Reboot).
Current Date/Time This field displays the current date and time in the LTE Device. You can change this
in Maintenance > Time Setting.
System Resource
CPU Usage This field displays what percentage of the LTE Device’s processing ability is
currently used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the LTE Device is running
at full load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore. If you want some
applications to have more throughput, you should turn off other applications.
Memory Usage This field displays what percentage of the LTE Device’s memory is currently used.
Usually, this percentage should not increase much. If memory usage does get close
to 100%, the LTE Device is probably becoming unstable, and you should restart the
device. See Chapter 22 on page 130, or turn off the device (unplug the power) for
a few seconds.
Registration Status
Idx This is the index number of each SIP account in the LTE Device.
Action This field displays the current registration status of the SIP account. You have to
register SIP accounts with a SIP server to use VoIP.
If the SIP account is already registered with the SIP server,
•Click Unregister to delete the SIP account’s registration in the SIP server. This
does not cancel your SIP account, but it deletes the mapping between your SIP
identity and your IP address or domain name.
• The second field displays Registered.
If the SIP account is not registered with the SIP server,
•Click Register to have the LTE Device attempt to register the SIP account with
the SIP server.
• The second field displays the reason the account is not registered.
Inactive - The SIP account is not active. You can activate it in VoIP > SIP > SIP
Settings.
Register Fail - The last time the LTE Device tried to register the SIP account with
the SIP server, the attempt failed. The LTE Device automatically tries to register the
SIP account when you turn on the LTE Device or when you activate it.
Account Status This shows Active when the SIP account has been registered and ready for use or
In-Active when the SIP account is not yet registered.
URI This field displays the account number and service domain of the SIP account. You
can change these in VoIP > SIP > SIP Settings.
Table 1 System Info Screen (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
LTE7410 User’s Guide
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CHAPTER 4
Broadband
4.1 Overview
This chapter discusses the LTE Device’s Broadband screens. Use these screens to configure your
LTE Device for Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the
Internet. It connects your private networks, such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other
networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 10 LAN and WAN
4.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the Broadband screen to view or edit an LTE WAN interface. You can also configure the WAN
settings on the LTE Device for Internet access (Section 4.2 on page 25).
•Use the SIM screen to enter the PIN of your SIM card (Section 4.3 on page 27).
4.1.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the LTE Device, which makes it accessible from an outside
network. It is used by the LTE Device to communicate with other devices in other networks. The ISP
dynamically assigns it each time the LTE Device tries to access the Internet.
WAN
LAN
Chapter 4 Broadband
LTE7410 User’s Guide
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APN
Access Point Name (APN) is a unique string which indicates an LTE network. An APN is required for
LTE stations to enter the LTE network and then the Internet.
4.1.3 Before You Begin
You may need to know your Internet access settings such as LTE APN, WAN IP address and SIM
card’s PIN code if the INTERNET light on your LTE Device is off. Get this information from your
service provider.
4.2 The Broadband Screen
The LTE Device must have a WAN interface to allow users to use the LTE connection to access the
Internet. Use the Broadband screen to manage WAN interfaces.
Click Network Setting > Broadband. The following screen opens.
Figure 11 Network Setting > Broadband
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 2 Network Setting > Broadband
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Band Selection
LTE Band Select the LTE bands to use for the LTE Device’s WAN connection.
LTE Connections Table
# This is the index number of the connection.
Active This shows whether the LTE connection is activated.
Name This is the service name of the connection.
APN This field displays the name of the LTE network to which the LTE Device connects.
NAT This shows whether NAT is activated or not for this connection. NAT is not available
when the connection uses the bridging service.
Modify Click the Edit icon to configure the connection.
Chapter 4 Broadband
LTE7410 User’s Guide
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4.2.1 Edit LTE Connection
In Network Setting > Broadband, click the Edit icon next to an LTE connection to display the
following screen. Use this screen to configure an LTE WAN connection.
Figure 12 Network Setting > Broadband > LTE Interface Edit
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 3 Network Setting > Broadband > LTE Interface Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Active Select this to have the LTE Device use the LTE connection.
Name Specify the name for this WAN interface.
Auto APN Select Auto to have the LTE Device configure the APN (Access Point Name) of an LTE
network automatically. Otherwise, select Manual and enter the APN manually in the field
below.
Authentication Select this if your LTE service provider requires you to use a user name and password for
the LTE connection.
Chapter 4 Broadband
LTE7410 User’s Guide
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4.3 SIM Screen
Use the SIM screen to enter the PIN of your SIM card.
Entering the wrong PIN code 3 times locks the SIM card after which you
need a PUK from the service provider to unlock it.
Click Network Setting > Broadband > SIM. The following screen opens.
Authentication
Type
When you select Authentication, specify the type of authentication the LTE Device accepts
for the LTE connection. The Device supports PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) and
CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol). CHAP provides more security than
PAP; however, PAP has higher availability on more platforms.
Username Enter the user name provided by your LTE service provider.
Password Enter the password provided by your LTE service provider.
IPv4/IPv6 Dual
Stack Select IPv4 if you want the LTE Device to run IPv4 only.
Select IPv6/IPv4 to allow the LTE Device to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time.
Select IPv6 if you want the LTE Device to run IPv6 only.
MTU
MTU The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) defines the size of the largest packet allowed on an
interface or connection. Enter the MTU for this WAN interface in this field.
Routing Feature
NAT Enable Select this to activate NAT on this WAN interface.
Default
Gateway
Select this option to have the LTE Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the
system default gateway.
Bridge Mode Bridge mode allows a LAN computer on the local network of the LTE Device to have access
to web services using the public IP address. When bridge mode is configured, all traffic is
forwarded to the computer and will not go through NAT.
Select the Bridge Mode for this LTE connection.
Select None to disable this feature.
Select Dynamic to allow the first connected LAN computer to have access to web services
using the public IP address.
Select Fixed to set the bridge mode to pass traffic through to a fixed MAC address. This
allows the LAN computer with the MAC address specified in the Passthrough to fixed
MAC field to have access to web services using the public IP address.
OK Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
Table 3 Network Setting > Broadband > LTE Interface Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Figure 13 Network Setting > Broadband > SIM
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
4.3.1 PUK Code Screen
If the SIM card is locked, use this screen to enter the PUK (Pin Unlock Key) code.
Note: You may have to ask the service provider for a PUK code to unlock the SIM card.
You will need a new SIM card if you enter the wrong PUK code too many
times.
Table 4 Network Setting > Broadband > SIM
LABEL DESCRIPTION
SIM card
status
This displays the SIM card status:
PIN DISABLE - the SIM card has no PIN code security.
PIN REQUIRED - the SIM card has PIN code security, but you did not enter the PIN code yet.
PIN VERIFIED - the SIM card has PIN code security, and you entered the correct PIN code.
PIN locked - you entered an incorrect PIN code too many times, so the SIM card has been
locked; call the ISP for a PUK (Pin Unlock Key) to unlock the SIM card.
SIM ERROR - the LTE Device does not detect that there is a SIM card inserted.
PIN
verification
A PIN (Personal Identification Number) code is a key to a 4G card. Without the PIN code, you
cannot use the 4G card.
Select Enable if the 4G service provider requires you to enter a PIN to use the SIM card.
Select Disable if the 4G service provider lets you use the SIM without inputting a PIN.
Input PIN If you enabled PIN verification, enter the 4-digit PIN code (0000 for example) provided by
your ISP. If you enter the PIN code incorrectly too many times, the ISP may block your SIM
card and not ley you use the account to access the Internet.
Remain
attempts
This is how many more times you can try to enter the PIN code before the ISP blocks your SIM
card.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous screen without saving.
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Figure 14 PUK Code
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
4.4 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the LTE Device features
described in this chapter.
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice
versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of
a computer before you can access it.
The LTE Device can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
1The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you
sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
2If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the LTE Device’s WAN IP
address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
Table 5 PUK Code
LABEL DESCRIPTION
PUK code Enter the PUK (Pin Unlock Key) code to unlock the SIM card.
New PIN code Enter the new PIN code for the SIM card.
PUK remaining
authentication
times
This shows how many more times you can try to enter the PUK code before permanently
damaging the SIM card.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous screen without saving.
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CHAPTER 5
Home Networking
5.1 Overview
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are
attached. A LAN is usually located in one immediate area such as a building or floor of a building.
The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server and manage IP addresses.
5.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the LAN Setup screen to set the LAN IP address, subnet mask, and DHCP settings (Section
5.2 on page 32).
•Use the IPv6 LAN Setup screen to configure the IPv6 settings on your Device’s LAN interface
(Section 5.3 on page 33).
•Use the Static DHCP screen to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers
based on their MAC Addresses (Section 5.4 on page 37).
•Use the UPnP screen to enable UPnP (Section 5.5 on page 39).
5.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
5.1.2.1 About LAN
IP Address
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g.,
computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for
communication.
WAN
LAN
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Subnet Mask
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your LTE Device will
compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need
to change the subnet mask computed by the LTE Device unless you are instructed to do otherwise.
DHCP
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-
up from a server. This LTE Device has a built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses
and DNS servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.
DNS
DNS (Domain Name System) maps a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa.
The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a
computer before you can access it. The DNS server addresses you enter when you set up DHCP are
passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and subnet mask.
5.1.2.2 About UPnP
How do I know if I'm using UPnP?
UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder (Windows XP). Each UPnP
compatible device installed on your network will appear as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a
UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device.
Cautions with UPnP
The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening
firewall ports may present network security issues. Network information and configuration may also
be obtained and modified by users in some network environments.
When a UPnP device joins a network, it announces its presence with a multicast message. For
security reasons, the LTE Device allows multicast messages on the LAN only.
All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration.
Disable UPnP if this is not your intention.
UPnP and ZyXEL
ZyXEL has achieved UPnP certification from the Universal Plug and Play Forum UPnP™
Implementers Corp. (UIC). ZyXEL's UPnP implementation supports Internet Gateway Device (IGD)
1.0.
See Section 5.7 on page 41 for examples of installing and using UPnP.
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5.2 The LAN Setup Screen
Click Network Setting > Home Networking to open the LAN Setup screen. Use this screen to
set the Local Area Network IP address and subnet mask of your LTE Device and configure the DNS
server information that the LTE Device sends to the DHCP client devices on the LAN.
Figure 15 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 6 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
LAN IP Setup
IP Address Enter the LAN IP address you want to assign to your LTE Device in dotted decimal
notation, for example, 192.168.1.1 (factory default).
Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask of your network in dotted decimal notation, for example
255.255.255.0 (factory default). Your LTE Device automatically computes the subnet
mask based on the IP address you enter, so do not change this field unless you are
instructed to do so.
DHCP Server State
DHCP Select Enable to have your LTE Device assign IP addresses, an IP default gateway and
DNS servers to LAN computers and other devices that are DHCP clients.
If you select Disable, you need to manually configure the IP addresses of the
computers and other devices on your LAN.
If you select DHCP Relay, the LTE Device acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays
DHCP requests and responses between the remote server and the clients. Enter the IP
address of the actual, remote DHCP server in the Remote DHCP Server field in this
case.
When DHCP is used, the following fields need to be set:
IP Addressing Values
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5.3 The IPv6 LAN Setup Screen
Use this screen to configure the IPv6 settings for your LTE Device’s LAN interface.
IP Pool Starting
Address
This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
Pool Size This field specifies the size, or count of the IP address pool.
DHCP Server Lease Time
Lease Time DHCP server leases an address to a new device for a period of time, called the DHCP
lease time. When the lease expires, the DHCP server might assign the IP address to a
different device.
DNS Values
DNS Server 1-2 The LTE Device supports DNS proxy by default. The LTE Device sends out its own LAN IP
address to the DHCP clients as the first DNS server address. DHCP clients use this first
DNS server to send domain-name queries to the LTE Device. The LTE Device sends a
response directly if it has a record of the domain-name to IP address mapping. If it does
not, the LTE Device queries an outside DNS server and relays the response to the DHCP
client.
Select Obtained From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information
(and the LTE Device's WAN IP address).
Select UserDefined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's
IP address in the field to the right.
Select DNS Proxy to have the DHCP clients use the LTE Device’s own LAN IP address.
The LTE Device works as a DNS relay.
Select None to not configure extra DNS servers.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
Table 6 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Figure 16 Network Setting > Home Networking > IPv6 LAN Setup
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 7 Network Setting > Home Networking > IPv6 LAN Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IPv6 LAN Setup
Link Local Address
Type
Select Manual to manually enter a link local address. Select EUI64 to use the EUI-64
format to generate a link local address from the Ethernet MAC address.
IPv6 Address If you selected Manual in the Link Local Address Type field, enter the LAN IPv6
address you want to assign to your LTE Device in hexadecimal notation, for example,
fe80::1 (factory default).
Prefix Enter the address prefix to specify how many most significant bits in an IPv6 address
compose the network address.
MLD Snooping Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) allows an IPv6 switch or router to discover the
presence of MLD hosts who wish to receive multicast packets and the IP addresses of
multicast groups the hosts want to join on its network. Select Enable to activate MLD
snooping on the LTE Device. This allows the LTE Device to check MLD packets passing
through it and learn the multicast group membership. It helps reduce multicast traffic.
LAN Global Identifier
Type
Select Manual to manually enter a LAN identifier as the interface ID to identify the
LAN interface. The LAN Identifier is appended to the IPv6 address prefix to create the
routable global IPv6 address. Select EUI64 to use the EUI-64 format to generate an
interface ID from the Ethernet MAC address.
LAN Identifier If you selected Manual, enter the LAN Identifier in this field. The LAN identifier should
be unique and 64 bits in hexadecimal form. Every 16 bit block should be separated by
a colon as in XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX where X is a hexadecimal character. Blocks of
zeros can be represented with double colons as in XXXX:XXXX::XXXX.
IPv6 ULA Address
Type
A unique local address (ULA) is a unique IPv6 address for use in private networks but
not routable in the global IPv6 Internet.
Select Auto Generate to have the Device automatically generate a globally unique
address for the LAN IPv6 address. Select Manual to enter a static IPv6 ULA address.
The address format is like fdxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx::/64.
IPv6 ULA Address If Manual is selected in the IPv6 ULA Address Type field, enter the IPv6 address
prefix that the LTE Device uses for the LAN IPv6 address.
LAN IPv6 Address Setting
Delegate prefix from
WAN
Select this option to automatically obtain an IPv6 network prefix from the service
provider or an uplink router.
Static Select this option to configure a fixed IPv6 address for the LTE Device’s LAN IPv6
address.
Static IPv6 Address
Prefix
If you select static IPv6 address, enter the IPv6 address prefix that the LTE Device
uses for the LAN IPv6 address.
Prefix length If you select static IPv6 address, enter the IPv6 prefix length that the LTE Device uses
to generate the LAN IPv6 address.
An IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (starting from the left)
in the address compose the network address. This field displays the bit number of the
IPv6 subnet mask.
Preferred Lifetime Enter the preferred lifetime for the prefix.
Valid Lifetime Enter the valid lifetime for the prefix.
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LAN IPv6 Address
Assign Setup
Select how you want to obtain an IPv6 address:
•Stateless: The LTE Device uses IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration. RADVD (Router
Advertisement Daemon) is enabled to have the LTE Device send IPv6 prefix
information in router advertisements periodically and in response to router
solicitations. DHCPv6 server is disabled.
•Stateful: The LTE Device uses IPv6 stateful autoconfiguration. The DHCPv6 server
is enabled to have the LTE Device act as a DHCPv6 server and pass IPv6 addresses
to DHCPv6 clients.
•Stateless and Stateful: The LTE Device uses both IPv6 stateless and stateful
autoconfiguration. The LAN IPv6 clients can obtain IPv6 addresses either through
router advertisements or through DHCPv6.
LAN IPv6 DNS Assign
Setup
Select how the LTE Device provide DNS server and domain name information to the
clients:
•Stateless: The LTE Device uses IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration. RADVD (Router
Advertisement Daemon) is enabled to have the LTE Device send IPv6 prefix
information in router advertisements periodically and in response to router
solicitations. DHCPv6 server is disabled.
•Stateful: The LTE Device uses IPv6 stateful autoconfiguration. The DHCPv6 server
is enabled to have the LTE Device act as a DHCPv6 server and pass IPv6 addresses
to DHCPv6 clients.
•Stateless and Stateful: The LTE Device uses both IPv6 stateless and stateful
autoconfiguration. The LAN IPv6 clients can obtain IPv6 addresses either through
router advertisements or through DHCPv6.
DHCPv6
DHCPv6 Server Use this field to Enable or Disable DHCPv6 server on the LTE Device.
DNSv6 Mode Select the DNS role (Proxy or Relay) that you want the LTE Device to act in the IPv6
LAN network. Alternatively, select Manual and specify IPv6 addresses of the DNS
servers in the fields below.
Primary DNS This field is available if you choose Manual as the DNSv6 mode. Enter the first DNS
server IPv6 address the LTE Device passes to the DHCP clients.
Secondary DNS This field is available if you choose Manual as the DNSv6 mode. Enter the second DNS
server IPv6 address the LTE Device passes to the DHCP clients.
Information Refresh
Time
Enter the number of seconds a DHCPv6 client should wait before refreshing
information retrieved from DHCPv6.
Advanced Setup Click this to open the IPv6 LAN Setup Advanced Setup section.
RADVD Setup
Send RA on Select this to have the LTE Device send router advertisement messages to the LAN
hosts.
Router advertisement is a response to a router solicitation or a periodical multicast
advertisement from a router to advertise its presence and other parameters, such as
IPv6 prefix and DNS information.
Router solicitation is a request from a host to locate a router that can act as the
default router and forward packets.
Note: The LAN hosts neither generate global IPv6 addresses nor communicate with
other networks if you disable this feature.
Delegate M/O flag
from WAN
Select this to have the LTE Device obtain the M/O (Managed/Other) flag setting from
the service provider or uplink router.
Manual Select this to specify the M/O flag setting manually.
Managed config
flag on Select this to have the LTE Device indicate to hosts to obtain network settings (such as
prefix and DNS settings) through DHCPv6.
Clear this to have the LTE Device indicate to hosts that DHCPv6 is not available and
they should use the prefix in the router advertisement message.
Table 7 Network Setting > Home Networking > IPv6 LAN Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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5.4 The Static DHCP Screen
This table allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on
their MAC Addresses.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is
assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
Other config flag
on Select this to have the LTE Device indicate to hosts to obtain DNS information through
DHCPv6.
Clear this to have the LTE Device indicate to hosts that DNS information is not
available in this network.
Advertisement
interval option on
Select this to have the Router Advertisement messages the LTE Device sends specify
the allowed interval between Router Advertisement messages.
Hop limit Enter the maximum number of network segments that a packet can cross before
reaching the destination. When forwarding an IPv6 packet, IPv6 routers are required
to decrease the hop limit by 1 and to discard the IPv6 packet when the Hop Limit is 0.
Possible values for this field are 0-255.
Router Lifetime Enter the time in seconds that hosts should consider the LTE Device to be the default
router. Possible values for this field are 0-9000.
Router Preference Select the router preference (Low, Medium or High) for the LTE Device. The LTE
Device sends this preference in the router advertisements to tell hosts what
preference they should use for the LTE Device. This helps hosts to choose their default
router especially when there are multiple IPv6 routers in the network.
Note: Make sure the hosts also support router preference to make this function work.
Reachable Time (ms) Enter the time in milliseconds that can elapse before a neighbor is detected. Possible
values for this field are 0-3600000.
Retrans Timer (ms) Enter the time in milliseconds between neighbor solicitation packet retransmissions.
Possible values for this field are 1000-4294967295.
RA Interval Enter the time in seconds between router advertisement messages. Possible values for
this field are 4-1800.
Delegate MTU from
WAN
Select this to have the LTE Device obtain the MTU setting from the service provider or
uplink router.
Manual Select this to specify the MTU manually.
MTU The Maximum Transmission Unit. Type the maximum size of each IPv6 data packet, in
bytes, that can move through this interface. If a larger packet arrives, the LTE Device
divides it into smaller fragments.
DAD attempts Specify the number of DAD (Duplicate Address Detection) attempts before an IPv6
address is assigned to the LTE Device LAN interface. Possible values for this field are
1-7.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Advanced Setup Click this to close the IPv6 LAN Setup Advanced Setup section.
Table 7 Network Setting > Home Networking > IPv6 LAN Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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5.4.1 Before You Begin
Find out the MAC addresses of your network devices if you intend to add them to the Static DHCP
screen.
Use this screen to change your LTE Device’s static DHCP settings. Click Network Se tting > Home
Networking > Static DHCP to open the following screen.
Figure 17 Network Setting > Home Networking > Static DHCP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
If you click Add new static lease in the Static DHCP screen, the following screen displays.
Figure 18 Static DHCP: Add New Static Lease
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 8 Network Setting > Home Networking > Static DHCP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add new static
lease
Click this to add a new static DHCP entry.
# This is the index number of the entry.
Active Displays whether the static DHCP entry is on or off.
MAC Address The MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address on a LAN (Local Area Network) is
unique to your computer (six pairs of hexadecimal notation).
A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a hardwired address that is
assigned at the factory. This address follows an industry standard that ensures no other
adapter has a similar address.
IP Address This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
Modify Click the Edit icon to configure the connection.
Table 9 Static DHCP: Add New Static Lease
LABEL DESCRIPTION
MAC Address Enter the MAC address of a computer on your LAN.
IP Address Enter the IP address that you want to assign to the computer on your LAN with the MAC
address that you will also specify.
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5.5 The UPnP Screen
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a distributed, open networking standard that uses TCP/IP for
simple peer-to-peer network connectivity between devices. A UPnP device can dynamically join a
network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities and learn about other devices on the network.
In turn, a device can leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use.
See page 41 for more information on UPnP.
Use the following screen to configure the UPnP settings on your LTE Device. Click Network Setting
> Home Networking > Static DHCP > UPnP to display the screen shown next.
Figure 19 Network Setting > Home Networking > UPnP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
5.6 Technical Reference
This section provides some technical background information about the topics covered in this
chapter.
DHCP Setup
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to
obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the LTE Device as a DHCP
server or disable it. When configured as a server, the LTE Device provides the TCP/IP configuration
for the clients. If you turn DHCP service off, you must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or
else the computer must be manually configured.
OK Click Apply to save your changes.
Back Click Back to exit this screen without saving.
Table 9 Static DHCP: Add New Static Lease (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 10 Network Settings > Home Networking > UPnP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
UPnP Select Enable to activate UPnP. Be aware that anyone could use a UPnP application to
open the web configurator's login screen without entering the LTE Device's IP address
(although you must still enter the password to access the web configurator).
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
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IP Pool Setup
The LTE Device is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients (DHCP Pool). See
the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP addresses from the DHCP pool
to your LAN computers.
LAN TCP/IP
The LTE Device has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to
systems that support DHCP client capability.
IP Address and Subnet Mask
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g.,
computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for
communication.
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your
network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in
selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user
account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. If this
is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from 192.168.0.0 to
192.168.255.0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation (NAT) feature of the LTE
Device. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses
specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. Let's
say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254 individual addresses, from
192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other words, the first three numbers
specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual computer on that
network.
Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember, for
instance, 192.168.1.1, for your LTE Device, but make sure that no other device on your network is
using that IP address.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your LTE Device will
compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need
to change the subnet mask computed by the LTE Device unless you are instructed to do otherwise.
Private IP Addresses
Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from the
Internet, for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses to
the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has
reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks:
• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255
• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255
• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
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If you are part of a large organization, consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP
addresses.
Note: Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;
always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment,
please refer to RFC 1597, “Address Allocation for Private Internets” and RFC 1466,
“Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space”.
5.7 Installing UPnP in Windows Example
This section shows how to install UPnP in Windows Me and Windows XP.
Installing UPnP in Windows Me
Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows Me.
1Click Start and Control Panel. Double-click Add/Remove Programs.
2Click the Windows Setup tab and select Communication in the Components selection box. Click
Details.
Figure 20 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication
3In the Communications window, select the Universal Plug and Play check box in the
Components selection box.
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Figure 21 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components
4Click OK to go back to the Add/Remove Programs Properties window and click Next.
5Restart the computer when prompted.
Installing UPnP in Windows XP
Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows XP.
1Click Start and Control Panel.
2Double-click Network Connections.
3In the Network Connections window, click Advanced in the main menu and select Optional
Networking Components ….
Figure 22 Network Connections
4The Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard window displays. Select Networking
Service in the Components selection box and click Details.
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Figure 23 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard
5In the Networking Services window, select the Universal Plug and Play check box.
Figure 24 Networking Services
6Click OK to go back to the Windows Optional Networking Component Wizard window and
click Next.
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5.8 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example
This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows XP. You must already have UPnP
installed in Windows XP and UPnP activated on the LTE Device.
Make sure the computer is connected to a LAN port of the LTE Device. Turn on your computer and
the LTE Device.
Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device
1Click Start and Control Panel. Double-click Network Connections. An icon displays under
Internet Gateway.
2Right-click the icon and select Properties.
Figure 25 Network Connections
3In the Internet Connection Properties window, click Settings to see the port mappings there
were automatically created.
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Figure 26 Internet Connection Properties
4You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings.
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Figure 27 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings
Figure 28 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add
5When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port mappings will be
deleted automatically.
6Select Show icon in n otification area wh en connected option and click OK. An icon displays in
the system tray.
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Figure 29 System Tray Icon
7Double-click on the icon to display your current Internet connection status.
Figure 30 Internet Connection Status
Web Configurator Easy Access
With UPnP, you can access the web-based configurator on the LTE Device without finding out the IP
address of the LTE Device first. This comes helpful if you do not know the IP address of the LTE
Device.
Follow the steps below to access the web configurator.
1Click Start and then Control Panel.
2Double-click Network Connections.
3Select My Network Places under Other Places.
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Figure 31 Network Connections
4An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under Local Network.
5Right-click on the icon for your LTE Device and select Invoke. The web configurator login screen
displays.
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Figure 32 Network Connections: My Network Places
6Right-click on the icon for your LTE Device and select Properties. A properties window displays
with basic information about the LTE Device.
Figure 33 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example
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CHAPTER 6
Static Route
6.1 Overview
The LTE Device usually uses the default gateway to route outbound traffic from computers on the
LAN to the Internet. To have the LTE Device send data to devices not reachable through the default
gateway, use static routes.
For example, the next figure shows a computer (A) connected to the LTE Device’s LAN interface.
The LTE Device routes most traffic from A to the Internet through the LTE Device’s default gateway
(R1). You create one static route to connect to services offered by your ISP behind router R2. You
create another static route to communicate with a separate network behind a router R3 connected
to the LAN.
Figure 34 Example of Static Routing Topology
6.2 Configuring Static Route
Use this screen to view and configure IP static routes on the LTE Device. Click Netw ork Setting >
Routing to open the Static Route screen.
WAN
R1
R2
A
R3
LAN
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Figure 35 Network Setting > Routing > Static Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
6.2.1 Add/Edit Static Lease
Click Add New Static Lease in the Static Routing screen, the following screen appears. Use this
screen to configure the required information for a static route.
Figure 36 Routing: Add New Static Lease
Table 11 Network Setting > Routing > Static Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add New Static
Lease
Click this to set up a new static route on the LTE Device.
#This is the number of an individual static route.
Active This specifies whether the static route is on or off.
Destination IP This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is always
based on network number.
Subnet Mask This parameter specifies the IP network subnet mask of the final destination.
Interface This is the WAN interface through which the traffic is routed.
Gateway This is the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the same
network segment as the device's LAN or WAN port. The gateway helps forward packets to
their destinations.
Metric This is the “cost” of transmission for routing purposes.
Modify Click the Edit icon to go to the screen where you can set up a static route on the LTE
Device.
Click the Delete icon to remove a static route from the LTE Device.
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 12 Routing: Add/Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select or clear this field to turn the static route on or off.
Destination IP
Address
This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is always
based on network number. If you need to specify a route to a single host, use a subnet
mask of 255.255.255.255 in the subnet mask field to force the network number to be
identical to the host ID.
IP Subnet Mask Enter the IP subnet mask here.
Interface You can decide if you want to forward packets to a gateway IP address or a bound
interface.
If you want to configure bound interface, choose an interface through which the traffic is
sent. You must have the WAN interfaces already configured in the Broadband screen.
Gateway IP
Address
You can decide if you want to forward packets to a gateway IP address or a bound
interface.
If you want to configure Gateway IP Address, enter the IP address of the next-hop
gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the same network segment as the device's
LAN or WAN port. The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations.
Metric This is the “cost” of transmission for routing purposes.
OK Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
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CHAPTER 7
DNS Route
7.1 Overview
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a machine before you can access it.
In addition to the system DNS servers, each WAN interface (service) is set to have its own static or
dynamic DNS server list. You can configure a DNS static route to forward DNS queries for certain
domain names through a specific WAN interface to its DNS servers. The LTE Device uses a system
DNS server (in the order you specify in the Broadband screen) to resolve domain names that do
not match any DNS routing entry. After the LTE Device receives a DNS reply from a DNS server, it
creates a new entry for the resolved IP address in the routing table.
Figure 37 Example of DNS Routing Topology
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
The DNS Route screens let you view and configure DNS routes on the LTE Device (Section 7.2 on
page 54).
WAN
LAN
DNS:168.92.5.1
sip.service.com
(Default)
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7.2 The DNS Route Screen
The DNS Route screens let you view and configure DNS routes on the LTE Device. Click Network
Setting > Routing > DNS Route to open the DNS Route screen. A DNS route forwards DNS
queries for a specific domain name through a specific WAN interface to its DNS server.
Figure 38 Network Setting > Routing > DNS Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
7.2.1 Add/Edit DNS Route
Click Add new DNS route in the DNS Route screen, use this screen to configure the required
information for a DNS route.
Figure 39 Add New DNS Route
Ta ble 13 Network Setting > Routing > DNS Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add new DNS
route
Click this to create a new entry.
#This is the number of an individual DNS route.
Domain Name This is the domain name to which the DNS route applies.
Subnet Mask This parameter specifies the IP network subnet mask.
Interface This is the WAN interface through which the matched DNS request is routed.
Modify Click the Edit icon to configure a DNS route on the LTE Device.
Click the Delete icon to remove a DNS route from the LTE Device.
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 14 DNS Route: Add/Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Domain Name Enter the domain name you want to resolve.
You can use the wildcard character, an “*” (asterisk) as the left most part of a domain
name, such as *.example.com. The LTE Device forwards DNS queries for any domain name
ending in example.com to the WAN interface specified in this route.
Subnet Mask Type the subnet mask of the network for which to use the DNS route in dotted decimal
notation, for example 255.255.255.255.
Interface Select a WAN interface through which the matched DNS query is sent. You must have the
WAN interface(s) already configured in the Broadband screen.
OK Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
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CHAPTER 8
Network Address Translation (NAT)
8.1 Overview
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in
a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network to a
different IP address known within another network.
8.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the General screen to limit the number of concurrent NAT sessions each client can use
(Section 8.2 on page 57).
•Use the Port Forw arding screen to configure forward incoming service requests to the servers
on your local network (Section 8.3 on page 57).
•Use the DMZ screen to configure a default server (Section 8.4 on page 60).
•Use the ALG screen to enable or disable the SIP ALG (Section 8.5 on page 61).
8.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
Inside/Outside and Global/Local
Inside/outside denotes where a host is located relative to the LTE Device, for example, the
computers of your subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the Internet are the
outside hosts.
Global/local denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router, for
example, the local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local
network, while the global address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is
traveling in the WAN side.
NAT
In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber
(the inside local address) to another (the inside global address) before forwarding the packet to the
WAN side. When the response comes back, NAT translates the destination address (the inside
global address) back to the inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host.
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Port Forwarding
A port forwarding set is a list of inside (behind NAT on the LAN) servers, for example, web or FTP,
that you can make visible to the outside world even though NAT makes your whole inside network
appear as a single computer to the outside world.
Finding Out More
See Section 8.6 on page 61 for advanced technical information on NAT.
8.2 The General Screen
Use the General screen to limit the number of concurrent NAT sessions each client can use.
Click Network Setting > NAT > General to display the following screen.
Figure 40 Network Setting > NAT > General
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
8.3 The Port Forwarding Screen
Use the Port Forwardin g screen to forward incoming service requests to the servers on your local
network.
You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the local IP
address of the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web service is on
port 80 and FTP on port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one server can
support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might be better to
specify a range of port numbers. You can allocate a server IP address that corresponds to a port or
a range of ports. Please refer to RFC 1700 for further information about port numbers.
Ta ble 15 Network Setting > NAT > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Max NAT/
Firewall Session
Per User
Use this field to set a common limit to the number of concurrent NAT sessions each client
computer can have.
If only a few clients use peer to peer applications, you can raise this number to improve
their performance. With heavy peer to peer application use, lower this number to ensure no
single client uses too many of the available NAT sessions.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
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Note: Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server
processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may
periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any
active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP.
Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example)
Let's say you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example),
port 80 to another (B in the example) and assign a default server IP address of 10.0.0.35 to a third
(C in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The
NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet.
Figure 41 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example
8.3.1 The Port Forwarding Screen
Click Network Setting > NAT to open the Port Forwarding screen.
Figure 42 Network Setting > NAT > Port Forwarding
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
A=10.0.0.33
D=10.0.0.36
C=10.0.0.35
B=10.0.0.34
WAN
LAN
10.0.0.1 IP Address assigned by ISP
Ta ble 16 Network Setting > NAT > Port Forwarding
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WAN Interface Select the WAN interface for which to configure NAT port forwarding rules.
Add new rule Click this to add a new port forwarding rule.
#This is the index number of the entry.
Active This field indicates whether the rule is active or not.
A yellow bulb signifies that this rule is active. A gray bulb signifies that this rule is not
active.
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8.3.2 The Port Forwarding Add/Edit Screen
This screen lets you create or edit a port forwarding rule. Click Add new rule in the Port
Forwarding screen or the Edit icon next to an existing rule to open the following screen.
Figure 43 Port Forwarding: Add/Edit
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Service Name This is the service’s name. This shows User Defined if you manually added a service. You
can change this by clicking the edit icon.
External Start
Port
This is the first external port number that identifies a service.
External End Port This is the last external port number that identifies a service.
Internal Start
Port
This is the first internal port number that identifies a service.
Internal End Port This is the last internal port number that identifies a service.
Server IP Address This is the server’s IP address.
Modify Click the Edit icon to edit the port forwarding rule.
Click the Delete icon to delete an existing port forwarding rule. Note that subsequent
address mapping rules move up by one when you take this action.
Ta ble 16 Network Setting > NAT > Port Forwarding (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 17 Port Forwarding: Add/Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select or clear this field to turn the port forwarding rule on or off.
Service Name Select a service to forward or select User Defined and enter a name in the field to the
right.
External Start
Port
Configure this for a user-defined entry. Enter the original destination port for the packets.
To forward only one port, enter the port number again in the External End Port field.
To forward a series of ports, enter the start port number here and the end port number in
the External End Port field.
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8.4 The DMZ Screen
Click Network Setting > NAT > DMZ to open the DMZ screen. Use this screen to specify the IP
address of a default server to receive packets from ports not specified in the Port Forwarding
screen.
Figure 44 Network Setting > NAT > DMZ
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
External End
Port
Configure this for a user-defined entry. Enter the last port of the original destination port
range.
To forward only one port, enter the port number in the External Start Port field above
and then enter it again in this field.
To forward a series of ports, enter the last port number in a series that begins with the port
number in the External Start Port field above.
Server IP
Address
Enter the inside IP address of the virtual server here.
Protocol Select the protocol supported by this virtual server. Choices are TCP, UDP, or TCP/UDP.
Open Start Port Configure this for a user-defined entry. This shows the port number to which you want the
LTE Device to translate the incoming port. For a range of ports, enter the first number of
the range to which you want the incoming ports translated.
Open End Port Configure this for a user-defined entry. This shows the last port of the translated port
range.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
Ta ble 17 Port Forwarding: Add/Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 18 Network Setting > NAT > DMZ
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WAN Interface Select the WAN interface for which to configure a default server.
Default Server
Address
Enter the IP address of the default server which receives packets from ports that are not
specified in the Port Forwarding screen.
Note: If you do not assign a default server, the LTE Device discards all packets received for
ports not specified in the virtual server configuration.
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8.5 The ALG Screen
Click Network Setting > NAT > ALG to open the ALG screen. Use this screen to enable and
disable the NAT Application Layer Gateway (ALG) in the LTE Device.
The SIP ALG allows SIP calls to pass through NAT by examining and translating IP addresses
embedded in the data stream. When the LTE Device registers with the SIP register server, the SIP
ALG translates the LTE Device’s private IP address inside the SIP data stream to a public IP address.
You do not need to use STUN or an outbound proxy if you enable the SIP ALG.
Figure 45 Network Setting > NAT > ALG
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
8.6 Technical Reference
This section provides some technical background information about the topics covered in this
chapter.
8.6.1 NAT Definitions
Inside/outside denotes where a host is located relative to the LTE Device, for example, the
computers of your subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the Internet are the
outside hosts.
Global/local denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router, for
example, the local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet is in the local
Apply Click this to save your changes back to the LTE Device.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
Ta ble 18 Network Setting > NAT > DMZ
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 19 Network Setting > NAT > ALG
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ALG Enable this to make sure SIP (VoIP) works correctly with port-forwarding.
Apply Click this to save your changes back to the LTE Device.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
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network, while the global address refers to the IP address of the host when the same packet is
traveling in the WAN side.
Note that inside/outside refers to the location of a host, while global/local refers to the IP address
of a host used in a packet. Thus, an inside local address (ILA) is the IP address of an inside host in
a packet when the packet is still in the local network, while an inside global address (IGA) is the IP
address of the same inside host when the packet is on the WAN side. The following table
summarizes this information.
NAT never changes the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host.
8.6.2 What NAT Does
In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from a subscriber
(the inside local address) to another (the inside global address) before forwarding the packet to the
WAN side. When the response comes back, NAT translates the destination address (the inside
global address) back to the inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host. Note
that the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host is never changed.
The global IP addresses for the inside hosts can be either static or dynamically assigned by the ISP.
In addition, you can designate servers, for example, a web server and a Telnet server, on your local
network and make them accessible to the outside world. If you do not define any servers, NAT
offers the additional benefit of firewall protection. With no servers defined, your LTE Device filters
out all incoming inquiries, thus preventing intruders from probing your network. For more
information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator (NAT).
8.6.3 How NAT Works
Each packet has two addresses – a source address and a destination address. For outgoing packets,
the ILA (Inside Local Address) is the source address on the LAN, and the IGA (Inside Global
Address) is the source address on the WAN. For incoming packets, the ILA is the destination
address on the LAN, and the IGA is the destination address on the WAN. NAT maps private (local)
IP addresses to globally unique ones required for communication with hosts on other networks. It
replaces the original IP source address (and TCP or UDP source port numbers for Many-to-One and
Many-to-Many Overload NAT mapping) in each packet and then forwards it to the Internet. The LTE
Device keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so incoming reply packets can have
their original values restored. The following figure illustrates this.
Ta ble 20 NAT Definitions
ITEM DESCRIPTION
Inside This refers to the host on the LAN.
Outside This refers to the host on the WAN.
Local This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the LAN.
Global This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels on the WAN.
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Figure 46 How NAT Works
192.168.1.13
192.168.1.10
192.168.1.11
192.168.1.12 SA
192.168.1.10
SA
IGA1
Inside Local
IP Address
192.168.1.10
192.168.1.11
192.168.1.12
192.168.1.13
Inside Global
IP Address
IGA 1
IGA 2
IGA 3
IGA 4
NAT Table
WAN
LAN
Inside Local
Address (ILA)
Inside Global
Address (IGA)
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CHAPTER 9
Dynamic DNS
9.1 Overview
This chapter discusses how to configure your LTE Device to use Dynamic DNS.
Dynamic DNS allows you to update your current dynamic IP address with one or many dynamic
DNS services so that anyone can contact you (in applications such as NetMeeting and CU-SeeMe).
You can also access your FTP server or Web site on your own computer using a domain name (for
instance myhost.dhs.org, where myhost is a name of your choice) that will never change instead of
using an IP address that changes each time you reconnect. Your friends or relatives will always be
able to call you even if they don't know your IP address.
First of all, you need to have registered a dynamic DNS account with www.dyndns.org. This is for
people with a dynamic IP from their ISP or DHCP server that would still like to have a domain name.
The Dynamic DNS service provider will give you a password or key.
9.1.1 What You Need To Know
DYNDNS Wildcard
Enabling the wildcard feature for your host causes *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same
IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org. This feature is useful if you want to be able to use, for example,
www.yourhost.dyndns.org and still reach your hostname.
If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use Dynamic DNS.
9.2 The Dynamic DNS Screen
Use the Dynamic DNS screen to enable DDNS and configure the DDNS settings on the LTE Device.
To change your LTE Device’s DDNS, click Network Setting > Dynamic DNS. The screen appears
as shown.
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Figure 47 Network Setting > Dynamic DNS
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Ta ble 21 Network Setting > Dynamic DNS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Dynamic DNS Configuration
Dynamic DNS Select Enable to use dynamic DNS.
Service Provider Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.
Host Name Type the domain name assigned to your LTE Device by your Dynamic DNS provider.
Username Type your user name for the Dynamic DNS service provider.
Password Type your password for the Dynamic DNS service provider.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
Dynamic DNS Status
User
Authentication
Result
This field displays the results of the LTE Device’s attempt to authenticate with the Dynamic
DNS service provider.
Last Updated
Time
This field displays when the LTE Device last updated its WAN IP address to the Dynamic
DNS service provider.
Current Dynamic
IP
This field displays the LTE Device’s current WAN IP address.
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CHAPTER 10
Firewall
10.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to enable the LTE Device firewall. Use the firewall to protect your LTE
Device and network from attacks by hackers on the Internet and control access to it. The firewall:
• allows traffic that originates from your LAN computers to go to all other networks.
• blocks traffic that originates on other networks from going to the LAN.
• blocks SYN and port scanner attacks.
By default, the LTE Device blocks DDOS, LAND and Ping of Death attacks whether the firewall is
enabled or disabled.
The following figure illustrates the firewall action. User A can initiate an IM (Instant Messaging)
session from the LAN to the WAN (1). Return traffic for this session is also allowed (2). However
other traffic initiated from the WAN is blocked (3 and 4).
Figure 48 Default Firewall Action
10.1.1 What You Can Do in the Firewall Screens
•Use the General screen (Section 10.2 on page 68) to select the firewall protection level on the
LTE Device.
•Use the Default Action screen (Section 10.3 on page 69) to set the default action that the
firewall takes on packets that do not match any of the firewall rules.
•Use the Rules screen (Section 10.4 on page 70) to view the configured firewall rules and add,
edit or remove a firewall rule.
WAN
LAN
3
4
1
2
A
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•Use the DoS screen (Section 10.5 on page 74) to set the thresholds that the LTE Device uses to
determine when to start dropping sessions that do not become fully established (half-open
sessions).
Note: The settings and rules configured in the Default Action and Rules screens can be
apply only when the firewall protection level is set to Custom in the General
screen.
10.1.2 What You Need to Know About Firewall
SYN Attack
A SYN attack floods a targeted system with a series of SYN packets. Each packet causes the
targeted system to issue a SYN-ACK response. While the targeted system waits for the ACK that
follows the SYN-ACK, it queues up all outstanding SYN-ACK responses on a backlog queue. SYN-
ACKs are moved off the queue only when an ACK comes back or when an internal timer terminates
the three-way handshake. Once the queue is full, the system will ignore all incoming SYN requests,
making the system unavailable for legitimate users.
DoS
Denials of Service (DoS) attacks are aimed at devices and networks with a connection to the
Internet. Their goal is not to steal information, but to disable a device or network so users no longer
have access to network resources. The LTE Device is pre-configured to automatically detect and
thwart all known DoS attacks.
DDoS
A Distributed DoS (DDoS) attack is one in which multiple compromised systems attack a single
target, thereby causing denial of service for users of the targeted system.
LAND Attack
In a Local Area Network Denial (LAND) attack, hackers flood SYN packets into the network with a
spoofed source IP address of the target system. This makes it appear as if the host computer sent
the packets to itself, making the system unavailable while the target system tries to respond to
itself.
Ping of Death
Ping of Death uses a "ping" utility to create and send an IP packet that exceeds the maximum
65,536 bytes of data allowed by the IP specification. This may cause systems to crash, hang or
reboot.
SPI
Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) tracks each connection crossing the firewall and makes sure it is
valid. Filtering decisions are based not only on rules but also context. For example, traffic from the
WAN may only be allowed to cross the firewall in response to a request from the LAN.
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RFC 4890 SPEC Traffic
RFC 4890 specifies the filtering policies for ICMPv6 messages. This is important for protecting
against security threats including DoS, probing, redirection attacks and renumbering attacks that
can be carried out through ICMPv6. Since ICMPv6 error messages are critical for establishing and
maintaining communications, filtering policy focuses on ICMPv6 informational messages.
Anti-Probing
If an outside user attempts to probe an unsupported port on your LTE Device, an ICMP response
packet is automatically returned. This allows the outside user to know the LTE Device exists. The
LTE Device supports anti-probing, which prevents the ICMP response packet from being sent. This
keeps outsiders from discovering your LTE Device when unsupported ports are probed.
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a message control and error-reporting protocol
between a host server and a gateway to the Internet. ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams,
but the messages are processed by the TCP/IP software and directly apparent to the application
user.
DoS Thresholds
For DoS attacks, the LTE Device uses thresholds to determine when to drop sessions that do not
become fully established. These thresholds apply globally to all sessions. You can use the default
threshold values, or you can change them to values more suitable to your security requirements.
10.2 Firewall General Screen
Use this screen to select the firewall protection level on the LTE Device. Click Security > Firewall
> General to display the following screen.
Figure 49 Security > Firewall > General
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
10.3 Default Action Screen
Use this screen to set the default action that the firewall takes on packets that do not match any of
the firewall rules. Click Security > Firewall > Default Action to display the following screen.
Figure 50 Security > Firewall > Default Action
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 22 Security > Firewall > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
High This setting blocks all traffic to and from the Internet. Only local network traffic and LAN to WAN
service (Telnet, FTP, HTTP, HTTPS, DNS, POP3, SMTP) is permitted.
Medium This is the recommended setting. It allows traffic to the Internet but blocks anyone from the
Internet from accessing any services on your local network.
Low This setting allows traffic to the Internet and also allows someone from the Internet to access
services on your local network. This would be used with Port Forwarding, Default Server.
Custom Use this setting to be able to create and edit individual firewall rules.
Firewall rules can be created in the Default Action screen (Section 10.3 on page 69) and Rules
screen (Section 10.4 on page 70).
Off This setting is not recommended. It disables firewall protection for your network and could
potentially expose your network to significant security risks. This option should only be used for
troubleshooting or if you intend to use another firewall in conjunction with your router.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Ta ble 23 Security > Firewall > Default Action
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Default Action Use the drop-down list boxes to select the default action that the firewall is to take on
packets that are traveling in the selected direction and do not match any of the firewall
rules.
Select Drop to silently discard the packets without sending a TCP reset packet or an ICMP
destination-unreachable message to the sender.
Select Reject to deny the packets and send a TCP reset packet (for a TCP packet) or an
ICMP destination-unreachable message (for a UDP packet) to the sender.
Select Permit to allow the passage of the packets.
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10.4 Rules Screen
Click Security > Firewall > Rules to display the following screen. This screen displays a list of the
configured firewall rules. Note the order in which the rules are listed.
The ordering of your rules is very important as rules are applied in turn.
Figure 51 Security > Firewall > Rules
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Ta ble 23 Security > Firewall > Default Action (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 24 Security > Firewall > Rules
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Packet Direction Use the drop-down list box to select a direction of travel of packets (WAN to LAN,
LAN to WAN, WAN to Router, LAN to Router) for which you want to configure
firewall rules.
Create a new rule
after rule number
Select an index number and click Add to add a new firewall rule after the selected
index number. For example, if you select “6”, your new rule becomes number 7 and
the previous rule 7 (if there is one) becomes rule 8.
# This is the index number of the entry.
Active Displays whether the firewall rule is enabled or disabled.
Source IP Address Displays the source IP address or ranges of addresses to which the firewall rule
applies. Please note that a blank source address is equivalent to Any.
Destination IP Address Displays the destination IP address or ranges of addresses to which the firewall rule
applies. Please note that a blank destination address is equivalent to Any.
Service Displays the service to which this firewall rule applies.
Action Displays whether the firewall silently discards packets (Drop), discards packets and
sends a TCP reset packet or an ICMP destination-unreachable message to the sender
(Reject) or allows the passage of packets (Permit).
Source Interface Displays the source interface to which the firewall rule applies. This is the interface
through which the traffic entered the Device. Please note that a blank source
interface is equivalent to Any.
Destination Interface Displays the destination interface to which the firewall rule applies. This is the
interface through which the traffic is destined to leave the Device. Please note that a
blank source interface is equivalent to Any.
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10.4.1 Rules Add Screen
Use this screen to configure firewall rules. In the Rules screen, select an index number and click
Add or click a rule’s Edit icon to display this screen and refer to the following table for information
on the labels.
Figure 52 Security > Firewall > Rules > Add
Modify Click the Edit icon to edit the firewall rule.
Click the Delete icon to delete an existing firewall rule.
Order Click N to change the sequence of the firewall rule.
Ta ble 24 Security > Firewall > Rules (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 25 Security > Firewall > Rules > Add
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Edit Rule
Active Select this option to enable this firewall rule.
Action for Matched
Packets
Use the drop-down list box to select whether to discard (Drop), deny and send an
ICMP destination-unreachable message to the sender of (Reject) or allow the
passage of (Permit) packets that match this rule.
Rate Limit Set a maximum number of packets per second, minute, or hour to limit the
throughput of traffic that matches this rule.
Maximum Burst
Number
Set the maximum number of packets that can be sent at the peak rate.
Log This field determines if a log for packets that match the rule is created or not.
Rules/Source Address
Address Type Do you want your rule to apply to packets with a particular (single) IP, a range of IP
addresses (for instance, 192.168.1.10 to 192.169.1.50), a subnet or any IP address?
Select an option from the drop-down list box that includes: Single Address, Range
Address, Subnet Address and Any Address.
Start IP Address Enter the single IP address or the starting IP address in a range here.
End IP Address Enter the ending IP address in a range here.
Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask here, if applicable.
Source Mac Address Specify a source MAC address of traffic to which to apply this firewall rule applies.
Please note that a blank source MAC address is equivalent to any.
Source Interface Specify a source interface (Blank, LteWAN1, LteWAN2, or LteWAN3) to which
the firewall rule applies. This is the interface through which the traffic entered the
Device. Please note that a blank source interface is equivalent to any.
Note: To show this option, go to Network Setting > Broadband to activate LteWAN2
and LteWAN3 first. Then go to Security > Firewall > Rules and configure
Packet Direction as WAN to LAN or WAN to Router.
Destination Address
Address Type Do you want your rule to apply to packets with a particular (single) IP, a range of IP
addresses (for instance, 192.168.1.10 to 192.169.1.50), a subnet or any IP address?
Select an option from the drop-down list box that includes: Single Address, Range
Address, Subnet Address and Any Address.
Start IP Address Enter the single IP address or the starting IP address in a range here.
End IP Address Enter the ending IP address in a range here.
Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask here, if applicable.
Destination Interface Specify a destination interface (Blank, LteWAN1, LteWAN2, or LteWAN3) to
which the firewall rule applies. This is the interface through which the traffic is
destined to leave the Device. Please note that a blank destination interface is
equivalent to any.
Note: To show this option, go to Network Setting > Broadband to activate LteWAN2
and LteWAN3 first. Then go to Security > Firewall > Rules and configure
Packet Direction as LAN to WAN.
Service
Available Services Select a service from the Available Services box.
Edit Customized
Services
Click the Edit Customized Service button to bring up the screen that you use to
configure a new custom service that is not in the predefined list of services.
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10.4.2 Customized Services
Configure customized services and port numbers not predefined by the LTE Device. For a
comprehensive list of port numbers and services, visit the IANA (Internet Assigned Number
Authority) website. Click the Edit Customized Services button while editing a firewall rule to
configure a custom service port. This displays the following screen.
Figure 53 Security > Firewall > Rules: Add: Edit Customized Services
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
TCP Flag Specify any TCP flag bits the firewall rule is to check for.
Schedule Select the days and time during which to apply the rule. Select Everyday and All
Day to always apply the rule.
OK Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
Ta ble 25 Security > Firewall > Rules > Add (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 26 Security > Firewall > Rules: Add: Edit Customized Services
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the number of your customized port.
Name This is the name of your customized service.
Protocol This shows the IP protocol (TCP or UDP) that defines your customized service.
Port Type This is the port number or range that defines your customized service.
Start Port This is a single port number or the starting port number of a range that defines your
customized service.
End Port This is a single port number or the ending port number of a range that defines your customized
service.
Modify Click this to edit a customized service.
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10.4.3 Customized Service Add
Use this screen to add a customized rule or edit an existing rule. Click Add icon in the Customized
Services screen to display the following screen.
Figure 54 Security > Firewall > Rules: Add: Edit Customized Services: Add
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
10.5 DoS Screen
Use this screen to enable DoS protection. Click Security > Firewall > Dos to display the following
screen.
Add Click this to configure a customized service.
Back Click this to return to the Firewall Edit Rule screen.
Ta ble 26 Security > Firewall > Rules: Add: Edit Customized Services (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 27 Security > Firewall > Rules: Edit: Edit Customized Services: Add/Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Config
Service Name Type a unique name for your custom port.
Service Type Choose the IP port (TCP or UDP) that defines your customized port from the drop down list
box.
Port Configuration
Type Click Single to specify one port only or Port Range to specify a span of ports that define
your customized service.
Port Number Type a single port number or the range of port numbers that define your customized
service.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
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Figure 55 Security > Firewall > Dos
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
10.5.1 The DoS Advanced Screen
For DoS attacks, the LTE Device uses thresholds to determine when to start dropping sessions that
do not become fully established (half-open sessions). These thresholds apply globally to all
sessions.
For TCP, half-open means that the session has not reached the established state-the TCP three-way
handshake has not yet been completed. Under normal circumstances, the application that initiates
a session sends a SYN (synchronize) packet to the receiving server. The receiver sends back an ACK
(acknowledgment) packet and its own SYN, and then the initiator responds with an ACK
(acknowledgment). After this handshake, a connection is established.
Figure 56 Three-Way Handshake
For UDP, half-open means that the firewall has detected no return traffic. An unusually high number
(or arrival rate) of half-open sessions could indicate a DOS attack.
10.5.1.1 Threshold Values
If everything is working properly, you probably do not need to change the threshold settings as the
default threshold values should work for most small offices. Tune these parameters when you
Ta ble 28 Security > Firewall > Dos
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Denial of Services Enable this to protect against DoS attacks. The LTE Device will drop sessions that surpass
maximum thresholds.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
Advanced Click this to go to a screen to specify maximum thresholds at which the LTE Device will
start dropping sessions.
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believe the LTE Device has been receiving DoS attacks that are not recorded in the logs or the logs
show that the LTE Device is classifying normal traffic as DoS attacks. Factors influencing choices for
threshold values are:
1The maximum number of opened sessions.
2The minimum capacity of server backlog in your LAN network.
3The CPU power of servers in your LAN network.
4Network bandwidth.
5Type of traffic for certain servers.
Reduce the threshold values if your network is slower than average for any of these factors
(especially if you have servers that are slow or handle many tasks and are often busy).
• If you often use P2P applications such as file sharing with eMule or eDonkey, it’s recommended
that you increase the threshold values since lots of sessions will be established during a small
period of time and the LTE Device may classify them as DoS attacks.
10.5.2 Configuring Firewall Thresholds
Click Security > Firewall > DoS > Advanced to display the following screen.
Figure 57 Security > Firewall > DoS > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 29 Security > Firewall > DoS > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
TCP SYN Flood Threshold
TCP SYN-Request
Count
This is the rate of new TCP half-open sessions per second that causes the firewall to
start deleting half-open sessions. When the rate of new connection attempts rises
above this number, the LTE Device deletes half-open sessions as required to
accommodate new connection attempts.
UDP Packet Threshold
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10.6 Firewall Technical Reference
This section provides some technical background information about the topics covered in this
chapter.
10.6.1 Firewall Rules Overview
Your customized rules take precedence and override the LTE Device’s default settings. The LTE
Device checks the source IP address, destination IP address and IP protocol type of network traffic
against the firewall rules (in the order you list them). When the traffic matches a rule, the LTE
Device takes the action specified in the rule.
Firewall rules are grouped based on the direction of travel of packets to which they apply:
By default, the LTE Device’s stateful packet inspection allows packets traveling in the following
directions:
•LAN to Router
These rules specify which computers on the LAN can manage the LTE Device (remote
management).
Note: You can also configure the remote management settings to allow only a specific
computer to manage the LTE Device.
UDP Packet Count This is the rate of new UDP half-open sessions per second that causes the firewall to
start deleting half-open sessions. When the rate of new connection attempts rises
above this number, the LTE Device deletes half-open sessions as required to
accommodate new connection attempts.
ICMP Echo-Request Threshold
ICMP Echo-Request
Count
This is the rate of new ICMP Echo-Request half-open sessions per second that causes
the firewall to start deleting half-open sessions. When the rate of new connection
attempts rises above this number, the LTE Device deletes half-open sessions as
required to accommodate new connection attempts.
Others
ICMP Redirect Select Enable to monitor for and block ICMP redirect attacks.
An ICMP redirect attack is one where forged ICMP redirect messages can force the
client device to route packets for certain connections through an attacker’s host.
DoS Log(Log Level:
DEBUG)
Select Enable to log DoS attacks. See LTE7410 User’s Guide for information on
viewing logs.
OK Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
Ta ble 29 Security > Firewall > DoS > Advanced (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
•LAN to Router •WAN to LAN
• LAN to WAN • WAN to Router
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•LAN to WAN
These rules specify which computers on the LAN can access which computers or services on the
WAN.
By default, the LTE Device’s stateful packet inspection drops packets traveling in the following
directions:
•WAN to LAN
These rules specify which computers on the WAN can access which computers or services on the
LAN.
Note: You also need to configure NAT port forwarding (or full featured NAT address
mapping rules) to allow computers on the WAN to access devices on the LAN.
•WAN to Router
By default the LTE Device stops computers on the WAN from managing the LTE Device. You could
configure one of these rules to allow a WAN computer to manage the LTE Device.
Note: You also need to configure the remote management settings to allow a WAN
computer to manage the LTE Device.
You may define additional rules and sets or modify existing ones but please exercise extreme
caution in doing so.
For example, you may create rules to:
• Block certain types of traffic, such as IRC (Internet Relay Chat), from the LAN to the Internet.
• Allow certain types of traffic, such as Lotus Notes database synchronization, from specific hosts
on the Internet to specific hosts on the LAN.
• Allow everyone except your competitors to access a web server.
• Restrict use of certain protocols, such as Telnet, to authorized users on the LAN.
These custom rules work by comparing the source IP address, destination IP address and IP
protocol type of network traffic to rules set by the administrator. Your customized rules take
precedence and override the LTE Device’s default rules.
10.6.2 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall
1Change the default password via web configurator.
2Think about access control before you connect to the network in any way.
3Limit who can access your router.
4Don't enable any local service (such as telnet or FTP) that you don't use. Any enabled service could
present a potential security risk. A determined hacker might be able to find creative ways to misuse
the enabled services to access the firewall or the network.
5For local services that are enabled, protect against misuse. Protect by configuring the services to
communicate only with specific peers, and protect by configuring rules to block packets for the
services at specific interfaces.
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6Protect against IP spoofing by making sure the firewall is active.
7Keep the firewall in a secured (locked) room.
10.6.3 Security Considerations
Note: Incorrectly configuring the firewall may block valid access or introduce security
risks to the LTE Device and your protected network. Use caution when creating or
deleting firewall rules and test your rules after you configure them.
Consider these security ramifications before creating a rule:
1Does this rule stop LAN users from accessing critical resources on the Internet? For example, if IRC
is blocked, are there users that require this service?
2Is it possible to modify the rule to be more specific? For example, if IRC is blocked for all users, will
a rule that blocks just certain users be more effective?
3Does a rule that allows Internet users access to resources on the LAN create a security
vulnerability? For example, if FTP ports (TCP 20, 21) are allowed from the Internet to the LAN,
Internet users may be able to connect to computers with running FTP servers.
4Does this rule conflict with any existing rules?
Once these questions have been answered, adding rules is simply a matter of entering the
information into the correct fields in the web configurator screens.
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CHAPTER 11
Certificates
11.1 Overview
The LTE Device can use certificates (also called digital IDs) to authenticate users. Certificates are
based on public-private key pairs. A certificate contains the certificate owner’s identity and public
key. Certificates provide a way to exchange public keys for use in authentication.
11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the Local Certificates screen to view and import the LTE Device’s CA-signed certificates
(Section 11.2 on page 82).
•Use the Trusted C A screen to save the certificates of trusted CAs to the LTE Device. You can also
export the certificates to a computer (Section 11.3 on page 84).
11.1.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
Certification Authorities
A Certification Authority (CA) issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate
owner. There are commercial certification authorities like CyberTrust or VeriSign and government
certification authorities.
Public and Private Keys
When using public-key cryptology for authentication, each host has two keys. One key is public and
can be made openly available; the other key is private and must be kept secure. Public-key
encryption in general works as follows.
1Tim wants to send a private message to Jenny. Tim generates a public-private key pair. What is
encrypted with one key can only be decrypted using the other.
2Tim keeps the private key and makes the public key openly available.
3Tim uses his private key to encrypt the message and sends it to Jenny.
4Jenny receives the message and uses Tim’s public key to decrypt it.
5Additionally, Jenny uses her own private key to encrypt a message and Tim uses Jenny’s public key
to decrypt the message.
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The LTE Device uses certificates based on public-key cryptology to authenticate users attempting to
establish a connection. The method used to secure the data that you send through an established
connection depends on the type of connection. For example, a VPN tunnel might use the triple DES
encryption algorithm.
The certification authority uses its private key to sign certificates. Anyone can then use the
certification authority’s public key to verify the certificates.
Certification Path
A certification path is the hierarchy of certification authority certificates that validate a certificate.
The LTE Device does not trust a certificate if any certificate on its path has expired or been revoked.
Certificate Directory Servers
Certification authorities maintain directory servers with databases of valid and revoked certificates.
A directory of certificates that have been revoked before the scheduled expiration is called a CRL
(Certificate Revocation List). The LTE Device can check a peer’s certificate against a directory
server’s list of revoked certificates. The framework of servers, software, procedures and policies
that handles keys is called PKI (public-key infrastructure).
Advantages of Certificates
Certificates offer the following benefits.
• The LTE Device only has to store the certificates of the certification authorities that you decide to
trust, no matter how many devices you need to authenticate.
• Key distribution is simple and very secure since you can freely distribute public keys and you
never need to transmit private keys.
Certificate File Format
The certification authority certificate that you want to import has to be in PEM (Base-64) encoded
X.509 file format. This Privacy Enhanced Mail format uses 64 ASCII characters to convert a binary
X.509 certificate into a printable form.
11.1.3 Verifying a Certificate
Before you import a trusted CA or trusted remote host certificate into the LTE Device, you should
verify that you have the actual certificate. This is especially true of trusted CA certificates since the
LTE Device also trusts any valid certificate signed by any of the imported trusted CA certificates.
You can use a certificate’s fingerprint to verify it. A certificate’s fingerprint is a message digest
calculated using the MD5 or SHA1 algorithms. The following procedure describes how to check a
certificate’s fingerprint to verify that you have the actual certificate.
1Browse to where you have the certificate saved on your computer.
2Make sure that the certificate has a “.cer” or “.crt” file name extension.
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Figure 58 Certificates on Your Computer
3Double-click the certificate’s icon to open the Certificate window. Click the Details tab and scroll
down to the Thumbprint Algorithm and Thumbprint fields.
Figure 59 Certificate Details
4Use a secure method to verify that the certificate owner has the same information in the
Thumbprint Algorithm and Thumbprint fields. The secure method may very based on your
situation. Possible examples would be over the telephone or through an HTTPS connection.
11.2 Local Certificates
Use this screen to view the LTE Device’s summary list of certificates and certification requests. You
can import the following certificates to your LTE Device:
• Web Server - This certificate secures HTTP connections.
• SSH- This certificate secures remote connections.
Click Security > Certificates to open the Local Certificates screen.
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Figure 60 Security > Certificates > Local Certificates
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 30 Security > Certificates > Local Certificates
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WebServer Click Browse... to find the certificate file you want to upload.
Current File This field displays the name used to identify this certificate. It is recommended that you
give each certificate a unique name.
Subject This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s owner, such as CN
(Common Name), OU (Organizational Unit or department), O (Organization or company)
and C (Country). It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject
information.
Issuer This field displays identifying information about the certificate’s issuing certification
authority, such as a common name, organizational unit or department, organization or
company and country.
Valid From This field displays the date that the certificate becomes applicable. The text displays in
red and includes a Not Yet Valid! message if the certificate has not yet become
applicable.
Valid To This field displays the date that the certificate expires. The text displays in red and
includes an Expiring! or Expired! message if the certificate is about to expire or has
already expired.
Cert Click this button and then Save in the File Download screen. The Save As screen
opens, browse to the location that you want to use and click Save.
SSH Type in the location of the SSH certificate file you want to upload in this field or click
Browse to find it.
Current File This field displays the name used to identify this certificate. It is recommended that you
give each certificate a unique name.
Key Type This field applies to the SSH/SCP/SFTP certificate.
This shows the file format of the current certificate.
Replace Click this to replace the certificates and save your changes back to the LTE Device.
Reset Click this to clear your settings.
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11.3 Trusted CA
Use this screen to view a summary list of certificates of the certification authorities that you have
set the LTE Device to accept as trusted. The LTE Device accepts any valid certificate signed by a
certification authority on this list as being trustworthy; thus you do not need to import any
certificate that is signed by one of these certification authorities.
Click Security > Certificates > Trusted CA to open the Trusted CA screen.
Figure 61 Security > Certificates > Trusted CA
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
11.4 Trusted CA Import
Click Import Certificate in the Trusted CA screen to open the Import Certificate screen. You
can save a trusted certification authority’s certificate to the LTE Device.
Note: You must remove any spaces from the certificate’s filename before you can import
the certificate.
Ta ble 31 Security > Certificates > Trusted CA
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Import Certificate Click this button to open a screen where you can save the certificate of a certification
authority that you trust to the LTE Device.
Name This field displays the name used to identify this certificate.
Subject This field displays information that identifies the owner of the certificate, such as Common
Name (CN), OU (Organizational Unit or department), Organization (O), State (ST) and
Country (C). It is recommended that each certificate have unique subject information.
Type This field displays general information about the certificate. ca means that a Certification
Authority signed the certificate.
Action Click the View icon to open a screen with an in-depth list of information about the
certificate (or certification request).
Click the Delete icon to delete the certificate (or certification request). You cannot delete
a certificate that one or more features is configured to use.
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Figure 62 Trusted CA > Import
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
11.5 View Certificate
Use this screen to view in-depth information about the certification authority’s certificate, change
the certificate’s name and set whether or not you want the LTE Device to check a certification
authority’s list of revoked certificates before trusting a certificate issued by the certification
authority.
Click Security > Certificates > Trusted CA to open the Trusted CA screen. Click the View icon
to open the View Certificate screen.
Ta ble 32 Security > Certificates > Trusted CA > Import
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Certificate File
Path
Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse to find it.
Browse Click Browse to find the certificate file you want to upload.
Apply Click this to save the certificate on the LTE Device.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
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Figure 63 Trusted CA: View
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 33 Trusted CA: View
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Certificate Name This field displays the identifying name of this certificate. If you want to change the
name, type up to 31 characters to identify this key certificate. You may use any
character (not including spaces).
Certificate Detail This read-only text box displays the certificate or certification request in Privacy
Enhanced Mail (PEM) format. PEM uses 64 ASCII characters to convert the binary
certificate into a printable form.
You can copy and paste the certificate into an e-mail to send to friends or colleagues or
you can copy and paste the certificate into a text editor and save the file on a
management computer for later distribution (via floppy disk for example).
Back Click this to return to the previous screen.
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CHAPTER 12
L2TP VPN
12.1 Overview
L2TP VPN tunnels network traffic between the LTE Device and a peer device or server over the
Internet.
12.2 The Setup Screen
Use this screen to view and manage L2TP VPN tunnels. Click Security > L2TP VPN to open the
following screen.
Figure 64 Security > L2TP VPN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 34 Security > L2TP VPN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This shows the index number of an L2TP tunnel.
Active This shows whether the L2TP VPN is on or not.
Default Route This shows the default route is on or not.
Tunnel Name This shows the name of this tunnel.
L2TP Server IP This shows the IP address of the remote gateway with which the LTE Device establishes
the L2TP tunnel.
User Name The remote user must log into the LTE Device to use the L2TP VPN tunnel. This shows a
user or user group that can use the L2TP VPN tunnel.
Auth Select the protocol (EAP, MSCHAPv1 or MSCHAPv2) the LTE Device uses for user
authentication.
Modify Click the Edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the L2TP VPN tunnel.
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12.3 The Edit L2TP Tunnel Screen
Use this screen to modify a L2TP VPN tunnel. Click Security > L2TP VPN and then the Edit icon
to open the following screen.
Figure 65 Security > L2TP VPN > Modify
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 35 Security > L2TP VPN > Modify
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Click this to activate the L2TP VPN.
Default Route Click this to activate the default route.
L2TP Tunnel
Name
This shows the IP address that the LTE Device assigned for the remote user's computer to
use within the L2TP VPN tunnel.
L2TP Protocol
Layer
Select which OSI layer (Layer2 or Layer3) protocol the L2TP tunnels over a network. Use
Layer3 L2TP to have the LTE Device tunnel OSI layer 3 protocol over a network and
Layer2 L2TP for OSI layer 2 protocol (BCP tunnel).
Secure Gateway
Address
If you configure this field to 0.0.0.0 or leave it blank, the LTE Device will use the address
in the Secure Gateway Address field (refer to the Secure Gateway Address field
description).
Username The remote user must log into the LTE Device to use the L2TP VPN tunnel. This shows a
user or user group that can use the L2TP VPN tunnel.
Password Enter the password for the user.
Auth Select the protocol (EAP, MSCHAPv1 or MSCHAPv2) the LTE Device uses for user
authentication.
OK Click this button to save your settings back to the LTE Device.
Back Click this button to return to the previous screen without saving any changes.
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CHAPTER 13
GRE VPN
13.1 Overview
GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnels encapsulate a wide variety of network layer protocol
packet types inside IP tunnels. A GRE tunnel serves as a virtual point-to-point link between the LTE
Device and another router over an IPv4 network.
13.2 The Setup Screen
Use this screen to view and manage GRE VPN tunnels. Click Security > GRE VPN to open the
following screen.
Figure 66 Security > GRE VPN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 36 Security > L2TP VPN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This shows the index number of a GRE tunnel.
Active The check box is selected if the GRE VPN tunnel is enabled.
Tunnel Name This shows the name of this tunnel.
GRE Layer This shows whether the GRE VPN tunnels Layer 2 or Layer 3 protocol traffic.
Server IP Address This is the IP address or domain name of the remote gateway to which the LTE Device’s
WAN interface tunnels traffic.
Local IP Address This is the local hosts’ IP addresses for which the LTE Device tunnels traffic sent to the
remote gateway.
Remote IP
Address
This is the remote hosts’ IP addresses behind the remote gateway to which the LTE Device
tunnels traffic.
Modify Click the Edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the GRE VPN tunnel.
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13.3 The Edit GRE Tunnel Screen
Use this screen to modify a GRE VPN tunnel. Click Edit icon in Security > GRE VPN > Modify to
open the following screen.
Figure 67 Security > GRE VPN > Modify
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 37 Security > GRE VPN > Modify
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Click this to activate the GRE VPN.
Tunnel Name Enter a descriptive name for the GRE tunnel.
GRE Layer Select which OSI layer (Layer 2 or Layer 3) protocol the GRE tunnels over a network.
Use layer 2 when 1 local LAN PC and 1 LAN PC behind the remote gateway IPs are in the
same subnet domain. Use layer 3 when the LAN PC IPs are in different subnet domains.
Server IP Address Enter the IP address or domain name of the remote gateway to which the LTE Device's
WAN interface tunnels traffic.
Local IP Address This field displays when you select the layer 3 GRE layer. Enter the IP address of the local
LAN computer that can use the GRE tunnel.
Remote IP
Address
This field displays when you select the layer 3 GRE layer. Enter the IP address of the
computer behind the remote gateway to which the LTE Device's WAN interface tunnels
traffic.
OK Click this button to save your settings back to the LTE Device.
Back Click this button to return to the previous screen without saving any changes.
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CHAPTER 14
VoIP
14.1 Overview
Use this chapter to:
• Connect an analog phone to the LTE Device.
• Make phone calls over the Internet, as well as the regular phone network.
• Configure settings such as speed dial.
• Configure network settings to optimize the voice quality of your phone calls.
14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
These screens allow you to configure your LTE Device to make phone calls over the Internet and
your regular phone line, and to set up the phones you connect to the LTE Device.
•Use the SIP Service Provider screens to configure the SIP server information, and the numbers
for certain phone functions (Section 14.2 on page 93).
•Use the SIP Account screens to set up information about your SIP account, control which SIP
accounts the phones connected to the LTE Device use and configure audio settings such as
volume levels for the phones connected to the ZyXEL Device (Section 14.3 on page 100).
•Use the Phone screen to change settings that depend on the country you are in (Section 14.4 on
page 103).
•Use the Call Rule screen to set up shortcuts for dialing frequently-used (VoIP) phone numbers
(Section 14.5 on page 104).
You don’t necessarily need to use all these screens to set up your account. In fact, if your service
provider did not supply information on a particular field in a screen, it is usually best to leave it at
its default setting.
14.1.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
VoIP
VoIP stands for Voice over IP. IP is the Internet Protocol, which is the message-carrying standard
the Internet runs on. So, Voice over IP is the sending of voice signals (speech) over the Internet (or
another network that uses the Internet Protocol).
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SIP
SIP stands for Session Initiation Protocol. SIP is a signalling standard that lets one network device
(like a computer or the LTE Device) send messages to another. In VoIP, these messages are about
phone calls over the network. For example, when you dial a number on your LTE Device, it sends a
SIP message over the network asking the other device (the number you dialed) to take part in the
call.
SIP Accounts
A SIP account is a type of VoIP account. It is an arrangement with a service provider that lets you
make phone calls over the Internet. When you set the LTE Device to use your SIP account to make
calls, the LTE Device is able to send all the information about the phone call to your service provider
on the Internet.
Strictly speaking, you don’t need a SIP account. It is possible for one SIP device (like the LTE
Device) to call another without involving a SIP service provider. However, the networking difficulties
involved in doing this make it tremendously impractical under normal circumstances. Your SIP
account provider removes these difficulties by taking care of the call routing and setup - figuring
out how to get your call to the right place in a way that you and the other person can talk to one
another.
Voice Activity Detection/Silence Suppression
Voice Activity Detection (VAD) detects whether or not speech is present. This lets the LTE Device
reduce the bandwidth that a call uses by not transmitting “silent packets” when you are not
speaking.
Comfort Noise Generation
When using VAD, the LTE Device generates comfort noise when the other party is not speaking. The
comfort noise lets you know that the line is still connected as total silence could easily be mistaken
for a lost connection.
Echo Cancellation
G.168 is an ITU-T standard for eliminating the echo caused by the sound of your voice
reverberating in the telephone receiver while you talk.
Use this screen to maintain basic information about each SIP account. You can also enable and
disable each SIP account, configure the volume, echo cancellation and VAD (Voice Activity
Detection) settings for each individual phone port on the LTE Device.
How to Find Out More
See page 104 for advanced technical information on SIP.
14.1.3 Before You Begin
• Before you can use these screens, you need to have a VoIP account already set up. If you don’t
have one yet, you can sign up with a VoIP service provider over the Internet.
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• You should have the information your VoIP service provider gave you ready, before you start to
configure the LTE Device.
14.2 The SIP Service Provider Screen
Use this screen to manage profiles of SIP service provider settings. Click VoIP > SIP to open the
SIP Service Provider screen.
Figure 68 VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
14.2.1 Edit SIP Service Provider
Use this screen to configure the SIP server information, the numbers for certain phone functions
and dialing plan for a SIP service provider. Click VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider and then
click the Edit icon next to a profile of SIP service provider settings to open the following screen.
Ta ble 38 VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of the entry.
Active The check box is selected if this SIP service provider is enabled.
SIP Service
Provider Name
This shows the name of the SIP service provider.
Main SIP Server
Address
This shows the IP address or domain name of the SIP server.
REGISTER Server
Address
This shows the IP address or domain name of the SIP register server.
SIP Service
Domain
This shows the SIP service domain name. In the full SIP URI, this is the part after the @
symbol.
Modify Click the Edit icon to configure the profile of SIP service provider settings.
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Figure 69 VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider > Edit
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Note: VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider > Edit (continued)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 39 VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider > Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Enable SIP
Service Provider
Select this if you want the LTE Device to use this SIP provider. Clear it if you do not want
the LTE Device to use this SIP provider.
SIP Service
Provider Name
Enter the name of your SIP service provider.
SIP Local Port Enter the LTE Device’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider gave you one.
Otherwise, keep the default value.
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Main SIP Server
Address
Enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP server provided by your VoIP service
provider. You can use up to 256 printable ASCII characters. It does not matter whether
the SIP server is a proxy, redirect or register server.
SIP Server Port Enter the SIP server’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider gave you one.
Otherwise, keep the default value.
REGISTER Server
Address
Enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP register server, if your VoIP service
provider gave you one. Otherwise, enter the same address you entered in the SIP Server
Address field. You can use up to 256 printable ASCII characters.
REGISTER Server
Port
Enter the SIP register server’s listening port number, if your VoIP service provider gave
you one. Otherwise, enter the same port number you entered in the SIP Server Port
field.
SIP Service
Domain
Enter the SIP service domain name. In the full SIP URI, this is the part after the @
symbol. You can use up to 127 printable ASCII Extended set characters.
Bound Interface Name
Bound Interface
Name
If you select Any_WAN, the LTE Device automatically activates the VoIP service when
any WAN connection is up.
If you select Multi_WAN, you also need to select the pre-configured WAN connections.
The VoIP service is activated only when one of the selected WAN connections is up.
RFC Support
PRACK (RFC
3262)
RFC 3262 defines a mechanism to provide reliable transmission of SIP provisional
response messages, which convey information on the processing progress of the request.
This uses the option tag 100rel and the Provisional Response ACKnowledgement (PRACK)
method.
Select Supported or Required to have the LTE Device include a SIP Require/Supported
header field with the option tag 100rel in all INVITE requests. When the LTE Device
receives a SIP response message indicating that the phone it called is ringing, the LTE
Device sends a PRACK message to have both sides confirm the message is received.
If you select Supported, the peer device supports the option tag 100rel to send
provisional responses reliably.
If you select Required, the peer device requires the option tag 100rel to send provisional
responses reliably.
Select Disabled to turn off this function.
DNS SRV Enabled
(RFC 3263)
Select this to have the LTE Device query your ISP’s DNS server for a list of any available
SIP servers that it maintains. This is useful if your static SIP server experiences
difficulties, making it hard for your IP phone users to make SIP calls.
Session Timer
(RFC 4028)
Select this to have the LTE Device support RFC 4028.
This makes sure that SIP sessions do not hang and the SIP line can always be available for
use.
VoIP IOP Flags - Select VoIP inter-operability settings.
Replace dial digit '#' to '%23' in SIP messages.
Remove ':5060' and 'transport=udp' from request-uri in SIP messages.
Remove the 'Route' header in SIP messages.
Don't send re-Invite to the remote party when there are multiple codecs answered in the
Session Description Protocol (SDP).
Remove the 'Authentication' header in SIP ACK messages.
RTP Port Range
Ta ble 39 VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider > Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Start Port
End Port
Enter the listening port number(s) for RTP traffic, if your VoIP service provider gave you
this information. Otherwise, keep the default values.
To enter one port number, enter the port number in the Start Port and End Port fields.
To enter a range of ports,
• enter the port number at the beginning of the range in the Start Port field.
• enter the port number at the end of the range in the End Port field.
DTMF Mode Control how the LTE Device handles the tones that your telephone makes when you push
its buttons. You should use the same mode your VoIP service provider uses.
RFC2833 - send the DTMF tones in RTP packets.
Inband - send the DTMF tones in the voice data stream. This method works best when
you are using a codec that does not use compression (like G.711). Codecs that use
compression (like G.726) can distort the tones.
SIPInfo - send the DTMF tones in SIP messages.
Transport Type
Transport Type Select the transport layer protocol UDP or TCP (usually UDP) used for SIP.
FAX Option This field controls how the LTE Device handles fax messages.
G711 Fax
Passthrough
Select this if the LTE Device should use G.711 to send fax messages. The peer devices
must also use G.711.
T38 Fax Relay Select this if the LTE Device should send fax messages as UDP or TCP/IP packets through
IP networks. This provides better quality, but it may have inter-operability problems. The
peer devices must also use T.38.
Outbound Proxy
Enable Select this if your VoIP service provider has a SIP outbound server to handle voice calls.
This allows the LTE Device to work with any type of NAT router and eliminates the need for
STUN or a SIP ALG. Turn off any SIP ALG on a NAT router in front of the LTE Device to
keep it from re-translating the IP address (since this is already handled by the outbound
proxy server).
Server Address Enter the IP address or domain name of the SIP outbound proxy server.
Server Port Enter the SIP outbound proxy server’s listening port, if your VoIP service provider gave
you one. Otherwise, keep the default value.
QoS Tag
SIP TOS Priority
Setting
Enter the DSCP (DiffServ Code Point) number for SIP message transmissions. The LTE
Device creates Class of Service (CoS) priority tags with this number to SIP traffic that it
transmits.
RTP TOS Priority
Setting
Enter the DSCP (DiffServ Code Point) number for RTP voice transmissions. The LTE Device
creates Class of Service (CoS) priority tags with this number to RTP traffic that it
transmits.
Timer Setting
Expiration
Duration
Enter the number of seconds your SIP account is registered with the SIP register server
before it is deleted. The LTE Device automatically tries to re-register your SIP account
when one-half of this time has passed. (The SIP register server might have a different
expiration.)
Register Re-send
timer
Enter the number of seconds the LTE Device waits before it tries again to register the SIP
account, if the first try failed or if there is no response.
Session Expires Enter the number of seconds the LTE Device lets a SIP session remain idle (without traffic)
before it automatically disconnects the session.
Ta ble 39 VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider > Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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Min-SE Enter the minimum number of seconds the LTE Device lets a SIP session remain idle
(without traffic) before it automatically disconnects the session. When two SIP devices
start a SIP session, they must agree on an expiration time for idle sessions. This field is
the shortest expiration time that the LTE Device accepts.
Dialing interval selection
Dialing interval
selection
Enter the number of seconds the LTE Device should wait after you stop dialing numbers
before it makes the phone call. The value depends on how quickly you dial phone
numbers.
Phone Key Config
Use this section to customize the phone keypad combinations you use to access certain features on the LTE
Device.
Caller Display Call This code is used to display the caller ID for outgoing calls.
Caller Hidden Call This code is used to hide the caller ID for outgoing calls.
One Shot Caller
Display Call
This code is used to display the caller ID only for the phone call your are going to make.
One Shot Caller
Hidden Call
This code is used to hide the caller ID only for the phone call your are going to make.
Call Waiting
Enable
This code is used to turn the call waiting feature on. With call waiting, you hear a special
beep notifying you of another incoming call while you have a call. It allows you to place
the first incoming call on hold and answer the second call so that you won’t miss any
important calls.
Call Waiting
Disable
This code is used to turn the call waiting feature off.
One Shot Call
Waiting Enable
This code is used to enable call waiting only for the phone call your are going to make.
See the description for the Call Waiting Enable field for more information.
One Shot Call
Waiting Disable
This code is used to disable one shot call waiting.
Call Transfer This code is used to enable call transfer that allows you to transfer an incoming call (that
you have answered) to another phone.
Unconditional Call
Forward Enable
This code is used to enable unconditional call forwarding. Incoming calls are always
forwarded to a specified number without any condition.
Unconditional Call
Forward Disable
This code is used to disable unconditional call forwarding.
No Answer Call
Forward Enable
This code is used to enable call forwarding when there is no answer at a SIP number (no
one picked up the connected phone that uses the SIP number).
No Answer Call
Forward Disable
This code is used to disable call forwarding when there is no answer at a SIP number (no
one picked up the connected phone that uses the SIP number).
Call Forward
When Busy
Enable
This code is used to enable call forwarding when the phone is busy.
Call Forward
When Busy
Disable
This code is used to disable call forwarding when the phone is busy.
Do Not Disturb
Enable
This code is used to turn the do not disturb feature on. This has the LTE Device reject all
calls destined to the phone line.
Do Not Disturb
Disable
This code is used to turn the Do Not Disturb feature off.
Ta ble 39 VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider > Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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14.2.2 Dial Plan Rules
A dial plan defines the dialing patterns, such as the length and range of the digits for a telephone
number. It also includes country codes, access codes, area codes, local numbers, long distance
numbers or international call prefixes. For example, the dial plan ([2-9]xxxxxx) does not allow a
local number which begins with 1 or 0.
Without a dial plan, users have to manually enter the whole callee’s number and wait for the
specified dialing interval to time out or press a terminator key (usually the pound key on the phone
keypad) before the LTE Device makes the call.
The LTE Device initializes a call when the dialed number matches any one of the rules in the dial
plan. Dial plan rules follow these conventions:
• The collection of rules is in parentheses ().
• Rules are separated by the | (bar) symbol.
• “x” stands for a wildcard and can be any digit from 0 to 9.
• A subset of keys is in a square bracket []. Ranges are allowed.
For example, [359] means a number matching this rule can be 3, 5 or 9. [26-8*] means a
number matching this rule can be 2, 6, 7, 8 or *.
• The dot “.” appended to a digit allows the digit to be ignored or repeated multiple times. Any digit
(0~9, *, #) after the dot will be ignored.
For example, (01.) means a number matching this rule can be 0, 01, 0111, 01111, and so on.
• <dialed-number:translated-number> indicates the number after the colon replaces the number
before the colon in an angle bracket <>. For example,
(<:1212> xxxxxxx) means the LTE Device automatically prefixes the translated-number “1212”
to the number you dialed before making the call. This can be used for local calls in the US.
(<9:> xxx xxxxxxx) means the LTE Device automatically removes the specified prefix “9” from
the number you dialed before making the call. This is always used for making outside calls from
an office.
(xx<123:456>xxxx) means the LTE Device automatically translates “123” to “456” in the
number you dialed before making the call.
• Calls with a number followed by the exclamation mark “!” will be dropped.
• Calls with a number followed by the termination character “@” will be made immediately. Any
digit (0~9, *, #) after the @ character will be ignored.
Outgoing SIP Enter the key combinations that you can enter to select the SIP account that you use to
make outgoing calls.
If you enter #12(by default)<SIP account index number>#<the phone number you want
to call>, #1201#12345678 for example, the LTE Device uses the first SIP account to call
12345678.
Dial Plan
Dial Plan Enable Select this to activate the dial plan rules you specify in the text box provided. See Section
14.2.2 on page 99 for how to set up a rule.
OK Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
Ta ble 39 VoIP > SIP > SIP Service Provider > Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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In this example dial plan (0 | [49]11 | 1 [2-9]xx xxxxxxx | 1 947 xxxxxxx !), you can dial “0” to call
the local operator, call 411 or 911, or make a long distance call with an area code starting from 2 to
9 in the US. The calls with the area code 947 will be dropped.
14.3 The SIP Account Screen
The LTE Device uses a SIP account to make outgoing VoIP calls and check if an incoming call’s
destination number matches your SIP account’s SIP number. In order to make or receive a VoIP
call, you need to enable and configure a SIP account, and map it to a phone port. The SIP account
contains information that allows your LTE Device to connect to your VoIP service provider.
See Section 14.4 on page 103 for how to map a SIP account to a phone port.
To access the following screen, click VoIP > SIP > SIP Account.
Figure 70 VoIP > SIP > SIP Account
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
14.3.1 Edit SIP Account
You can configure a SIP account. To access this screen, click the Edit icon next to an account.
Ta ble 40 VoIP > SIP > SIP Account
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of the entry.
Active This shows whether the SIP account is activated or not.
A yellow bulb signifies that this SIP account is activated. A gray bulb signifies that this SIP
account is activated.
SIP Account This shows the name of the SIP account.
Service Provider This shows the name of the SIP service provider.
Account No. This shows the SIP number.
Modify Click the Edit icon to configure the SIP account.
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Figure 71 SIP Account: Add/Edit
Each field is described in the following table.
Ta ble 41 SIP Account: Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Enable SIP
Account
Select the check box to use this account. Clear it to not use this account.
SIP Account
Number
Enter your SIP number. In the full SIP URI, this is the part before the @ symbol. You can
use up to 64 printable ASCII characters.
Authentication
Username Enter the user name for registering this SIP account, exactly as it was given to you. You
can use up to 128 printable ASCII characters.
Password Enter the password for registering this SIP account, exactly as it was given to you. You
can use up to 128 printable ASCII characters.
URL Type
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URL Type Select whether or not to include the SIP service domain name when the LTE Device sends
the SIP number.
SIP - include the SIP service domain name.
TEL - do not include the SIP service domain name.
Voice Features
Primary
Compression Type
Secondary
Compression Type
Third
Compression Type
Select the type of voice coder/decoder (codec) that you want the LTE Device to use.
G.711 provides higher voice quality but requires more bandwidth (64 kbps).
• G.729 provides good sound quality and reduces the required bandwidth to 8 kbps.
•G.711a is typically used in Europe.
•G.711u is typically used in North America and Japan.
•G.726-32 operates at 16, 24, 32 or 40 kbps.
•G.722 operates at 6.3 kbps or 5.3 kbps.
When two SIP devices start a SIP session, they must agree on a codec.
Select the LTE Device’s first choice for voice coder/decoder.
Select the LTE Device’s second choice for voice coder/decoder. Select None if you only
want the LTE Device to accept the first choice.
Select the LTE Device’s third choice for voice coder/decoder. Select None if you only want
the LTE Device to accept the first or second choice.
Active G.168
(Echo
Cancellation)
Select this if you want to eliminate the echo caused by the sound of your voice
reverberating in the telephone receiver while you talk.
Active VAD
(Voice Active
Detector)
Select this if the LTE Device should stop transmitting when you are not speaking. This
reduces the bandwidth the LTE Device uses.
Call Features
Send Caller ID Select this if you want to send identification when you make VoIP phone calls. Clear this if
you do not want to send identification.
Active Call
Transfer
Select this to enable call transfer on the LTE Device. This allows you to transfer an
incoming call (that you have answered) to another phone.
Active Call
Waiting
Select this to enable call waiting on the LTE Device. This allows you to place a call on hold
while you answer another incoming call on the same telephone (directory) number.
Reject Time Specify a time of seconds that the LTE Device waits before rejecting the second call if you
do not answer it.
Active
Unconditional
Forward
Select this if you want the LTE Device to forward all incoming calls to the specified phone
number.
Specify the phone number in the To Number field on the right.
Active Busy
Forward
Select this if you want the LTE Device to forward incoming calls to the specified phone
number if the phone port is busy.
Specify the phone number in the To Number field on the right.
If you have call waiting, the incoming call is forwarded to the specified phone number if
you reject or ignore the second incoming call.
No Answer Ring
Time
This field is used by the Active No Answer Forward feature.
Enter the number of seconds the LTE Device should wait for you to answer an incoming
call before it considers the call is unanswered.
Ta ble 41 SIP Account: Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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14.4 Phone Screen
Use this screen to maintain settings that depend on which region of the world the LTE Device is in.
To access this screen, click VoIP > Phone.
Figure 72 VoIP > Phone
Each field is described in the following table.
Active No Answer
Forward
Select this if you want the LTE Device to forward incoming calls to the specified phone
number if the call is unanswered. (See No Answer Time.)
Specify the phone number in the To Number field on the right.
Hot Line / Warm
Line Enable
Select this to enable the hot line or warm line feature on the LTE Device.
Warm Line Select this to have the LTE Device dial the specified warm line number after you pick up
the telephone and do not press any keys on the keypad for a period of time.
Hot Line Select this to have the LTE Device dial the specified hot line number immediately when
you pick up the telephone.
Hot Line / Warm
Line number
Enter the number of the hot line or warm line that you want the LTE Device to dial.
Warm Line
number
Enter a number of seconds that the LTE Device waits before dialing the warm line number
if you pick up the telephone and do not press any keys on the keypad.
Active
Anonymous Call
Block
Select this to have the phone not ring for incoming calls with caller ID deactivated.
OK Click this to save your changes.
Back Click this to exit this screen without saving.
Ta ble 41 SIP Account: Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 42 VoIP > Phone
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Region Setting Select the place in which the LTE Device is located.
Call Service Mode Select the mode for supplementary phone services (call hold, call waiting, call
transfer and three-way conference calls) that your VoIP service provider supports.
•Europe Type - use supplementary phone services in European mode.
•USA Type - use supplementary phone services American mode.
You might have to subscribe to these services to use them. Contact your VoIP
service provider.
Apply Click this to save your changes and to apply them to the LTE Device.
Cancel Click this to set every field in this screen to its last-saved value.
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14.5 Call Rule Screen
Use this screen to add, edit, or remove speed-dial numbers for outgoing calls. Speed dial provides
shortcuts for dialing frequently-used (VoIP) phone numbers. You also have to create speed-dial
entries if you want to call SIP numbers that contain letters. Once you have configured a speed dial
rule, you can use a shortcut (the speed dial number, #01 for example) on your phone's keypad to
call the phone number.
To access this screen, click VoIP > Call Rule.
Figure 73 VoIP > Call Rule
Each field is described in the following table.
14.6 Technical Reference
This section contains background material relevant to the VoIP screens.
Ta ble 43 VoIP > Call Rule
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Clear all speed
dials
Click this to erase all the speed-dial entries.
Keys This field displays the speed-dial number you should dial to use this entry.
Number Enter the SIP number you want the LTE Device to call when you dial the speed-dial
number.
Description Enter a short description to identify the party you call when you dial the speed-dial
number. You can use up to 127 printable ASCII characters.
Apply Click this to save your changes and to apply them to the LTE Device.
Cancel Click this to set every field in this screen to its last-saved value.
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14.6.1 VoIP
VoIP is the sending of voice signals over Internet Protocol. This allows you to make phone calls and
send faxes over the Internet at a fraction of the cost of using the traditional circuit-switched
telephone network. You can also use servers to run telephone service applications like PBX services
and voice mail. Internet Telephony Service Provider (ITSP) companies provide VoIP service.
Circuit-switched telephone networks require 64 kilobits per second (Kbps) in each direction to
handle a telephone call. VoIP can use advanced voice coding techniques with compression to reduce
the required bandwidth.
14.6.2 SIP
The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles
the setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the Internet.
SIP signaling is separate from the media for which it handles sessions. The media that is exchanged
during the session can use a different path from that of the signaling. SIP handles telephone calls
and can interface with traditional circuit-switched telephone networks.
SIP Identities
A SIP account uses an identity (sometimes referred to as a SIP address). A complete SIP identity is
called a SIP URI (Uniform Resource Identifier). A SIP account's URI identifies the SIP account in a
way similar to the way an e-mail address identifies an e-mail account. The format of a SIP identity
is SIP-Number@SIP-Service-Domain.
SIP Number
The SIP number is the part of the SIP URI that comes before the “@” symbol. A SIP number can
use letters like in an e-mail address (johndoe@your-ITSP.com for example) or numbers like a
telephone number (1122334455@VoIP-provider.com for example).
SIP Service Domain
The SIP service domain of the VoIP service provider is the domain name in a SIP URI. For example,
if the SIP address is 1122334455@VoIP-provider.com, then “VoIP-provider.com” is the SIP service
domain.
SIP Registration
Each LTE Device is an individual SIP User Agent (UA). To provide voice service, it has a public IP
address for SIP and RTP protocols to communicate with other servers.
A SIP user agent has to register with the SIP registrar and must provide information about the
users it represents, as well as its current IP address (for the routing of incoming SIP requests).
After successful registration, the SIP server knows that the users (identified by their dedicated SIP
URIs) are represented by the UA, and knows the IP address to which the SIP requests and
responses should be sent.
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Registration is initiated by the User Agent Client (UAC) running in the VoIP gateway (the LTE
Device). The gateway must be configured with information letting it know where to send the
REGISTER message, as well as the relevant user and authorization data.
A SIP registration has a limited lifespan. The User Agent Client must renew its registration within
this lifespan. If it does not do so, the registration data will be deleted from the SIP registrar's
database and the connection broken.
The LTE Device attempts to register all enabled subscriber ports when it is switched on. When you
enable a subscriber port that was previously disabled, the LTE Device attempts to register the port
immediately.
Authorization Requirements
SIP registrations (and subsequent SIP requests) require a username and password for
authorization. These credentials are validated via a challenge / response system using the HTTP
digest mechanism (as detailed in RFC 3261, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol").
SIP Servers
SIP is a client-server protocol. A SIP client is an application program or device that sends SIP
requests. A SIP server responds to the SIP requests.
When you use SIP to make a VoIP call, it originates at a client and terminates at a server. A SIP
client could be a computer or a SIP phone. One device can act as both a SIP client and a SIP server.
SIP User Agent
A SIP user agent can make and receive VoIP telephone calls. This means that SIP can be used for
peer-to-peer communications even though it is a client-server protocol. In the following figure,
either A or B can act as a SIP user agent client to initiate a call. A and B can also both act as a SIP
user agent to receive the call.
Figure 74 SIP User Agent
SIP Proxy Server
A SIP proxy server receives requests from clients and forwards them to another server.
In the following example, you want to use client device A to call someone who is using client device
C.
1The client device (A in the figure) sends a call invitation to the SIP proxy server B.
2The SIP proxy server forwards the call invitation to C.
AB
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Figure 75 SIP Proxy Server
SIP Redirect Server
A SIP redirect server accepts SIP requests, translates the destination address to an IP address and
sends the translated IP address back to the device that sent the request. Then the client device that
originally sent the request can send requests to the IP address that it received back from the
redirect server. Redirect servers do not initiate SIP requests.
In the following example, you want to use client device A to call someone who is using client device
C.
1Client device A sends a call invitation for C to the SIP redirect server B.
2The SIP redirect server sends the invitation back to A with C’s IP address (or domain name).
3Client device A then sends the call invitation to client device C.
B
AC
12
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Figure 76 SIP Redirect Server
SIP Register Server
A SIP register server maintains a database of SIP identity-to-IP address (or domain name)
mapping. The register server checks your user name and password when you register.
RTP
When you make a VoIP call using SIP, the RTP (Real time Transport Protocol) is used to handle voice
data transfer. See RFC 3550 for details on RTP.
Pulse Code Modulation
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) measures analog signal amplitudes at regular time intervals and
converts them into bits.
SIP Call Progression
The following figure displays the basic steps in the setup and tear down of a SIP call. A calls B.
Ta ble 44 SIP Call Progression
A B
1. INVITE
2. Ringing
3. OK
4. ACK
5. Dialogue (voice traffic)
6. BYE
7. OK
1
2
3
AB
C
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1A sends a SIP INVITE request to B. This message is an invitation for B to participate in a SIP
telephone call.
2B sends a response indicating that the telephone is ringing.
3B sends an OK response after the call is answered.
4A then sends an ACK message to acknowledge that B has answered the call.
5Now A and B exchange voice media (talk).
6After talking, A hangs up and sends a BYE request.
7B replies with an OK response confirming receipt of the BYE request and the call is terminated.
Voice Coding
A codec (coder/decoder) codes analog voice signals into digital signals and decodes the digital
signals back into analog voice signals. The LTE Device supports the following codecs.
• G.711 is a Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) waveform codec. PCM measures analog signal
amplitudes at regular time intervals and converts them into digital samples. G.711 provides very
good sound quality but requires 64 kbps of bandwidth.
• G.723.1 uses Low-Delay Code-Excited Linear Prediction (LD-CELP) to code audio in 30-
millisecond frames. The standard supports two bitrates, 6.3 kbps and 5.3 kbps. G.723.1 provides
toll-quality sound and requires very little bandwidth.
• G.726 is an Adaptive Differential PCM (ADPCM) waveform codec that uses a lower bitrate than
standard PCM conversion. ADPCM converts analog audio into digital signals based on the
difference between each audio sample and a prediction based on previous samples. The more
similar the audio sample is to the prediction, the less space needed to describe it. G.726 operates
at 16, 24, 32 or 40 kbps.
• G.729 is an Analysis-by-Synthesis (AbS) hybrid waveform codec that uses a filter based on
information about how the human vocal tract produces sounds. G.729 provides good sound
quality and reduces the required bandwidth to 8 kbps.
PSTN Call Setup Signaling
Dual-Tone MultiFrequency (DTMF) signaling uses pairs of frequencies (one lower frequency and one
higher frequency) to set up calls. It is also known as Touch Tone®. Each of the keys on a DTMF
telephone corresponds to a different pair of frequencies.
Pulse dialing sends a series of clicks to the local phone office in order to dial numbers.1
MWI (Message Waiting Indication)
Enable Message Waiting Indication (MWI) enables your phone to give you a message waiting
(beeping) dial tone when you have a voice message(s). Your VoIP service provider must have a
messaging system that sends message waiting status SIP packets as defined in RFC 3842.
1. The LTE Device does not support pulse dialing at the time of writing.
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14.6.3 Phone Services Overview
Supplementary services such as call hold, call waiting, and call transfer. are generally available from
your VoIP service provider. The LTE Device supports the following services:
•Call Hold
• Call Waiting
• Making a Second Call
• Call Transfer
• Three-Way Conference
• Internal Calls
• Do not Disturb
Note: To take full advantage of the supplementary phone services available through the
LTE Device's phone ports, you may need to subscribe to the services from your
VoIP service provider.
The Flash Key
Flashing means to press the hook for a short period of time (a few hundred milliseconds) before
releasing it. On newer telephones, there should be a "flash" key (button) that generates the signal
electronically. If the flash key is not available, you can tap (press and immediately release) the
hook by hand to achieve the same effect. However, using the flash key is preferred since the timing
is much more precise. With manual tapping, if the duration is too long, it may be interpreted as
hanging up by the LTE Device.
You can invoke all the supplementary services by using the flash key.
Europe Type Supplementary Phone Services
This section describes how to use supplementary phone services with the Europe Type Call
Service Mode. Commands for supplementary services are listed in the table below.
After pressing the flash key, if you do not issue the sub-command before the default sub-command
time-out (2 seconds) expires or issue an invalid sub-command, the current operation will be
aborted.
Ta ble 45 European Flash Key Commands
COMMAND SUB-COMMAND DESCRIPTION
Flash Put a current call on hold to place a second call.
Switch back to the call (if there is no second call).
Flash 0 Drop the call presently on hold or reject an incoming call which is waiting
for answer.
Flash 1 Disconnect the current phone connection and answer the incoming call or
resume with caller presently on hold.
Flash 2 1. Switch back and forth between two calls.
2. Put a current call on hold to answer an incoming call.
3. Separate the current three-way conference call into two individual calls
(one is on-line, the other is on hold).
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European Call Hold
Call hold allows you to put a call (A) on hold by pressing the flash key.
If you have another call, press the flash key and then “2” to switch back and forth between caller A
and B by putting either one on hold.
Press the flash key and then “0” to disconnect the call presently on hold and keep the current call
on line.
Press the flash key and then “1” to disconnect the current call and resume the call on hold.
If you hang up the phone but a caller is still on hold, there will be a remind ring.
European Call Waiting
This allows you to place a call on hold while you answer another incoming call on the same
telephone (directory) number.
If there is a second call to a telephone number, you will hear a call waiting tone. Take one of the
following actions.
• Reject the second call.
Press the flash key and then press “0”.
• Disconnect the first call and answer the second call.
Either press the flash key and press “1”, or just hang up the phone and then answer the phone
after it rings.
• Put the first call on hold and answer the second call.
Press the flash key and then “2”.
European Call Transfer
Do the following to transfer a call (that you have answered) to another phone number.
1Press the flash key to put the caller on hold.
2When you hear the dial tone, dial “*98#” followed by the number to which you want to transfer the
call. to operate the Intercom.
3After you hear the ring signal or the second party answers it, hang up the phone.
European Three-Way Conference
Use the following steps to make three-way conference calls.
Flash 3 Create three-way conference connection.
Flash *98# Transfer the call to another phone.
Ta ble 45 European Flash Key Commands
COMMAND SUB-COMMAND DESCRIPTION
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1When you are on the phone talking to someone, press the flash key to put the call on hold and get
a dial tone.
2Dial a phone number directly to make another call.
3When the second call is answered, press the flash key and press “3” to create a three-way
conversation.
4Hang up the phone to drop the connection.
5If you want to separate the activated three-way conference into two individual connections (one is
on-line, the other is on hold), press the flash key and press “2”.
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CHAPTER 15
System Monitor
15.1 Overview
Use the Traffic Status screens to view status and log information.
15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the LTE Status screen to see the present LTE Status in detail (Section 15.2 on page 114).
•Use the Log screen to see the system logs for the categories that you select (Section 15.3 on
page 115).
•Use the WAN Traf fic Status screen to view the WAN traffic statistics (Section 15.4 on page
116).
•Use the LAN Traffic Status screen to view the LAN traffic statistics (Section 15.5 on page 117).
•Use the NAT Traffic Status screen to view the NAT status of the LTE Device’s clients (Section
15.6 on page 117).
•Use the VoIP Status screen to view the VoIP traffic statistics (Section 15.7 on page 118).
15.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
Alerts and Logs
An alert is a type of log that warrants more serious attention. They include system errors, attacks
(access control) and attempted access to blocked web sites. Some categories such as System
Errors consist of both logs and alerts. You may differentiate them by their color in the View Log
screen. Alerts display in red and logs display in black.
Syslog Overview
The syslog protocol allows devices to send event notification messages across an IP network to
syslog servers that collect the event messages. A syslog-enabled device can generate a syslog
message and send it to a syslog server.
Syslog is defined in RFC 3164. The RFC defines the packet format, content and system log related
information of syslog messages. Each syslog message has a facility and severity level. The syslog
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facility identifies a file in the syslog server. Refer to the documentation of your syslog program for
details. The following table describes the syslog severity levels.
15.2 The LTE Status Screen
Click System Monitor > LTE Status to open the LTE Status screen. Use the LTE Status screen
to see the present LTE Status in detail.
Figure 77 System Monitor > LTE Status
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Ta ble 46 Syslog Severity Levels
CODE SEVERITY
0 Emergency: The system is unusable.
1 Alert: Action must be taken immediately.
2 Critical: The system condition is critical.
3 Error: There is an error condition on the system.
4 Warning: There is a warning condition on the system.
5 Notice: There is a normal but significant condition on the system.
6 Informational: The syslog contains an informational message.
7 Debug: The message is intended for debug-level purposes.
Ta ble 47 System Monitor > LTE Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Specify how often you want the LTE Device to update this screen and click Set Interval to
apply the change. Click Stop to halt updating of the screen.
Device Status
LTE
Firmware
Version
This is the firmware version of the LTE Device.
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15.3 The Log Screen
Click System Monitor > Log to open the Log screen. Use the Log screen to see the system logs
for the categories that you select in the upper left drop-down list box.
Figure 78 System Monitor > Log
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
IMEI This displays the LTE Device’s International Mobile Equipment Identity number (IMEI). An
IMEI is a unique ID used to identify a mobile device.
SIM Card
Status This displays the SIM card status.
LTE Status
Status This displays Up if there is an LTE connection, otherwise, it displays Down.
RSSI(dBm) This displays the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) of the LTE connection.
RSRP(dBm) This displays the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) of the LTE connection.
SINR(dB) This displays the signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) ratio.
Service
Provider This displays the service provider’s name of the connected LTE network.
Frequency
Band These bands are divided into numerous channels. This allows a variety of networks to exist
in the same place without interfering with one another. When you create a network, you
must select a channel to use. Since the available unlicensed spectrum varies from one
country to another, the number of available channels also varies.
APN Access Point Name (APN) is a unique string which indicates an LTE network. An APN is
required for LTE stations to enter the LTE network and then the Internet.
Connection
Uptime This displays how long the LTE connection has been available since it was last established
successfully.
Ta ble 47 System Monitor > LTE Status (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 48 System Monitor > Log
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Level Select a severity level from the drop-down list box. This filters search results according to
the severity level you have selected. When you select a severity, the LTE Device searches
through all logs of that severity or higher.
Refresh Click this to renew the log screen.
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15.4 The WAN Traffic Status Screen
Click System Monitor > Traffic Status to open the WAN Traffic Status screen. You can view
the WAN traffic statistics in this screen.
Figure 79 System Monitor > Traffic Status > WAN
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Clear Logs Click this to delete all the logs.
Export Click this to save a copy of the logs to your computer.
#This field is a sequential value and is not associated with a specific entry.
Time This field displays the time the log was recorded.
Level This field displays the severity level of the logs that the device is to send to this syslog
server.
Messages This field states the reason for the log.
Ta ble 48 System Monitor > Log (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Ta ble 49 System Monitor > Traffic Status > WAN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Status This shows the number of bytes sent and received through the WAN interface of the LTE
Device.
Refresh Interval Specify how often you want the LTE Device to update this screen and click Set Interval to
apply the change. Click Stop to halt updating of the screen.
Connected
Interface
This shows the name of all the WAN interfaces.
Packets Sent
Data This indicates the number of transmitted packets on this interface.
Error This indicates the number of frames with errors transmitted on this interface.
Drop This indicates the number of outgoing packets dropped on this interface.
Packets Received
Data This indicates the number of received packets on this interface.
Error This indicates the number of frames with errors received on this interface.
Drop This indicates the number of received packets dropped on this interface.
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15.5 The LAN Traffic Status Screen
Click System Monitor > Tr affic Status > LAN to open the following screen. You can view the LAN
traffic statistics in this screen.
Figure 80 System Monitor > Traffic Status > LAN
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
15.6 The NAT Traffic Status Screen
Click System Monitor > Traffic Status > NAT to open the following screen. You can view the NAT
status of the LTE Device’s clients in this screen.
Ta ble 50 System Monitor > Traffic Status > LAN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Specify how often you want the LTE Device to update this screen and click Set Interval to
apply the change. Click Stop to halt updating of the screen.
Interface This shows the LAN interface.
Bytes Sent This indicates the number of bytes transmitted on this interface.
Bytes Received This indicates the number of bytes received on this interface.
Interface This shows the LAN interface.
Sent (Packet)
Data This indicates the number of transmitted packets on this interface.
Error This indicates the number of frames with errors transmitted on this interface.
Drop This indicates the number of outgoing packets dropped on this interface.
Received (Packet)
Data This indicates the number of received packets on this interface.
Error This indicates the number of frames with errors received on this interface.
Drop This indicates the number of received packets dropped on this interface.
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Figure 81 System Monitor > Traffic Status > NAT
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
15.7 The VoIP Status Screen
Click System Monitor > VoIP Status to open the following screen. You can view the VoIP traffic
statistics in this screen.
Figure 82 System Monitor > VoIP Status
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Ta ble 51 System Monitor > Traffic Status > NAT
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Specify how often you want the LTE Device to update this screen and click Set Interval to
apply the change. Click Stop to halt updating of the screen.
Device Name This shows the name of the client.
IP Address This shows the IP address of the client.
MAC Address This shows the MAC address of the client.
No. of Open
Session
This shows the number of NAT sessions used by the client.
Total This shows the total number of NAT sessions currently open on the LTE Device.
Ta ble 52 System Monitor > VoIP Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Specify how often you want the LTE Device to update this screen and click Set Interval to
apply the change.
SIP Status
Account This column displays each SIP account in the LTE Device.
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Registration This field displays the current registration status of the SIP account. You can change this in
the Status screen.
Registered - The SIP account is registered with a SIP server.
Not Registered - The last time the LTE Device tried to register the SIP account with the
SIP server, the attempt failed. The LTE Device automatically tries to register the SIP
account when you turn on the LTE Device or when you activate it.
Inactive - The SIP account is not active. You can activate it in VoIP > SIP > SIP
Account.
Last
Registration
This field displays the last time you successfully registered the SIP account. The field is
blank if you never successfully registered this account.
URL This field displays the account number and service domain of the SIP account. You can
change these in the VoIP > SIP screens.
Message Waiting This field indicates whether or not there are any messages waiting for the SIP account.
Last Incoming
Number
This field displays the last number that called the SIP account. The field is blank if no
number has ever dialed the SIP account.
Last Outgoing
Number
This field displays the last number the SIP account called. The field is blank if the SIP
account has never dialed a number.
Call Status
Account This column displays each SIP account in the LTE Device.
Duration This field displays how long the current call has lasted.
Status This field displays the current state of the phone call.
Idle - There are no current VoIP calls, incoming calls or outgoing calls being made.
Calling - The callee’s phone is ringing.
Ringing - The phone is ringing for an incoming VoIP call.
Connecting - The status after dialing and before the dialing tone starts.
InCall - There is a VoIP call in progress.
Hold - The call is reserved.
Disconnecting - The callee’s line is busy, the callee hung up or your phone was left off the
hook.
Codec This field displays what voice codec is being used for a current VoIP call through a phone
port.
Peer Number This field displays the SIP number of the party that is currently engaged in a VoIP call
through a phone port.
Phone Status
Account This field displays the phone accounts of the LTE Device.
Outgoing
Number
This field displays the SIP number that you use to make calls on this phone port.
Incoming
Number
This field displays the SIP number that you use to receive calls on this phone port.
Phone State This field shows whether or the phone connected to the subscriber port is on-hook
ONHOOK) or off-hook (OFFHOOK).
Ta ble 52 System Monitor > VoIP Status (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 16
User Account
16.1 Overview
You can configure the system password in the User Account screen.
16.2 The User Account Screen
Use the User Account screen to configure system password.
Click Maintenance > User Account to open the following screen.
Figure 83 Maintenance > User Account
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 53 Maintenance > User Account
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name You can configure the password for the admin account.
Old Password Type the default password or the existing password you use to access the system in this
field.
New Password Type your new system password (up to 30 characters). Note that as you type a password,
the screen displays a (*) for each character you type. After you change the password, use
the new password to access the LTE Device.
Retype to
Confirm
Type the new password again for confirmation.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
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CHAPTER 17
TR-069 Client
17.1 Overview
This chapter explains how to configure the LTE Device’s TR-069 auto-configuration settings.
17.2 The TR-069 Client Screen
TR-069 defines how Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), for example your LTE Device, can be
managed over the WAN by an Auto Configuration Server (ACS). TR-069 is based on sending
Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) between an ACS and a client device. RPCs are sent in Extensible
Markup Language (XML) format over HTTP or HTTPS.
An administrator can use an ACS to remotely set up the LTE Device, modify settings, perform
firmware upgrades as well as monitor and diagnose the LTE Device. You have to enable the device
to be managed by the ACS and specify the ACS IP address or domain name and username and
password.
Click Maintenance > TR-069 Client to open the following screen. Use this screen to configure
your LTE Device to be managed by an ACS.
Figure 84 Maintenance > TR-069 Client
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The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Ta ble 54 Maintenance > TR-069 Client
LABEL DESCRIPTION
CWMP Select Enable to allow the LTE Device to be managed by a management server. Otherwise,
select Disable to not allow the LTE Device to be managed by a management server.
ACS URL Enter the URL or IP address of the auto-configuration server.
Check with your ISP/network administrator if you are not sure of this information.
ACS User Name Enter the TR-069 user name for authentication with the auto-configuration server.
ACS Password Enter the TR-069 password for authentication with the auto-configuration server.
Connection
Request Path Type the IP address or domain name of the LTE Device. The management server
uses this path to verify the LTE Device.
Connection
Request Port
The default port for access to the LTE Device from the management server is the HTTP port,
port 80. If you change it, make sure it does not conflict with another port on your network
and it is recommended to use a port number above 1024 (not a commonly used port). The
management server should use this port to connect to the LTE Device. You may need to alter
your NAT port forwarding rules if they were already configured.
Connection
Request User
Name
Enter the connection request user name.
When the ACS makes a connection request to the LTE Device, this user name is used to
authenticate the ACS.
Connection
Request
Password
Enter the connection request password.
When the ACS makes a connection request to the LTE Device, this password is used to
authenticate the ACS.
Inform Select Enable for the LTE Device to send periodic inform via TR-069 on the WAN. Otherwise,
select Disable.
Inform Interval Enter the time interval (in seconds) at which the LTE Device sends information to the auto-
configuration server.
Bound
Interface Name
Select the WAN interface the ACS is bound to.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore the screen’s last saved settings.
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CHAPTER 18
System
18.1 Overview
You can configure system settings, including the host name, domain name and the inactivity time-
out interval in the System screen.
18.2 The System Screen
Use the System screen to configure the system’s host name, domain name, and inactivity time-out
interval.
Click Maintenance > System to open the following screen.
Figure 85 Maintenance > System
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 55 Maintenance > System
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Host Name Choose a descriptive name for identification purposes. It is recommended you enter your
computer’s “Computer name” in this field. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric
characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes “-” and underscores "_" are
accepted.
Domain Name The ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP. The domain name entered by you is given
priority over the ISP assigned domain name.
Administrator
Inactivity Timer
Type how many minutes a management session can be left idle before the session times
out. The default is 5 minutes. After it times out you have to log in with your password
again. Very long idle timeouts may have security risks. A value of "0" means a
management session never times out, no matter how long it has been left idle (not
recommended).
Apply Click this to save your changes back to the LTE Device.
Cancel Click this to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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CHAPTER 19
Time Setting
19.1 Overview
You can configure the system’s time and date in the Time Setting screen.
19.2 The Time Setting Screen
To change your LTE Device’s time and date, click Maintenance > Time. The screen appears as
shown. Use this screen to configure the LTE Device’s time based on your local time zone.
Figure 86 Maintenance > Time Setting
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Ta ble 56 Maintenance > System > Time Setting
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Current Date/Time
Current Time This field displays the date and time of your LTE Device.
Time and Date Setup
Manual Select this to enter the time and date manually in hh:mm:ss and yyyy/mm/dd format.
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Get from Time
Server
Select this to have the LTE Device get the time automatically from a time server.
Time Server
Address 1, 2
Enter the IP address or URL (up to 31 extended ASCII characters in length) of your time
server. Check with your ISP/network administrator if you are unsure of this information.
Time Zone Choose the time zone of your location. This will set the time difference between your time
zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Daylight Savings Daylight saving is a period from late spring to early fall when many countries set their
clocks ahead of normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening.
Select this option if you use Daylight Saving Time.
Start Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time starts if you selected Daylight
Savings. The o'clock field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:
Daylight Saving Time starts in most parts of the United States on the second Sunday of
March. Each time zone in the United States starts using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M.
local time. So in the United States you would select Second, Sunday, March and type 2
in the o'clock field.
Daylight Saving Time starts in the European Union on the last Sunday of March. All of the
time zones in the European Union start using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment
(1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last, Sunday, March.
The time you type in the o'clock field depends on your time zone. In Germany for
instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or
UTC (GMT+1).
End Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you selected Daylight
Savings. The o'clock field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:
Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the first Sunday of November. Each
time zone in the United States stops using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So
in the United States you would select First, Sunday, November and type 2 in the
o'clock field.
Daylight Saving Time ends in the European Union on the last Sunday of October. All of the
time zones in the European Union stop using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment
(1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last, Sunday,
October. The time you type in the o'clock field depends on your time zone. In Germany
for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or
UTC (GMT+1).
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore the screen’s last saved settings.
Ta ble 56 Maintenance > System > Time Setting (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 20
Log Setting
20.1 Overview
You can configure where the LTE Device sends logs and which logs and/or immediate alerts the LTE
Device records in the Log Setting screen.
20.2 The Log Setting Screen
To change your LTE Device’s log settings, click Maintenance > Log Setting. The screen appears
as shown.
Figure 87 Maintenance > Log Setting
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The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Ta ble 57 Maintenance > Log Setting
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Syslog Settings
Syslog Logging Select the Active check box to enable syslog logging.
Mode Select Local File to have the LTE Device save the log file locally.
Select Local File and Remote to have the LTE Device save the log file locally and send it
to an external syslog server.
Syslog Server IP
Address
Enter the server name or IP address of the syslog server that will log the selected
categories of logs.
Syslog Server
UDP Port
Enter the port number used by the syslog server.
Active Log and Select Level
Log Category Select the categories of logs that you want to record.
Log Level Select the severity level of logs that you want to record. If you want to record all logs,
select ALL.
Relay LTE Modem Log to PC
LTE Modem
Relay Log
Select Enable to redirect LTE modem logs to the LAN computer that you specify below.
Log Server Enter the IP address of the LAN computer that you want to use for collecting LTE modem
logs.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
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CHAPTER 21
Firmware Upgrade
21.1 Overview
This chapter explains how to upload new firmware to your LTE Device. You can download new
firmware releases from your nearest ZyXEL FTP site (or www.zyxel.com) to use to upgrade your
device’s performance.
Only use firmware for your device’s specific model. Refer to the label on
the bottom of your LTE Device.
21.2 The Firmware Upgrade Screen
Click Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade to open the following screen. The upload process uses
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and may take up to three minutes. After a successful upload,
the system will reboot.
Do NOT turn off the LTE Device while firmware upload is in progress!
Figure 88 Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 58 Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Upgrade
Firmware
Use these fields to upload firmware to the LTE Device.
Current
Firmware
Version
This is the present firmware version.
File Path Click Browse ... to find the .bin file.
Browse... Click this to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress
compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them.
Upload Click this to begin the upload process. This process may take up to three minutes.
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After you see the firmware updating screen, wait a few minutes before logging into the LTE Device
again.
The LTE Device automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In
some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop.
Figure 89 Network Temporarily Disconnected
After two minutes, log in again and check your new firmware version in the Status screen.
If the upload was not successful, an error screen will appear. Click OK to go back to the Firmware
Upgrade screen.
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CHAPTER 22
Backup/Restore
22.1 Overview
The Backup/Restore screen allows you to backup and restore device configurations. You can also
reset your device settings back to the factory default.
22.2 The Backup/Restore Screen
Click Maintenance > Backup/Restore. Information related to factory defaults, backup
configuration, and restoring configuration appears in this screen, as shown next.
Figure 90 Maintenance > Backup/Restore
Backup Configuration
Backup Configuration allows you to back up (save) the LTE Device’s current configuration to a file
on your computer. Once your LTE Device is configured and functioning properly, it is highly
recommended that you back up your configuration file before making configuration changes. The
backup configuration file will be useful in case you need to return to your previous settings.
Click Backup to save the LTE Device’s current configuration to your computer.
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Restore Configuration
Restore Configuration allows you to upload a new or previously saved configuration file from your
computer to your LTE Device.
Do not turn off the LTE Device while configuration file upload is in
progress.
After the LTE Device configuration has been restored successfully, the login screen appears. Login
again to restart the LTE Device.
The LTE Device automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In
some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop.
Figure 91 Network Temporarily Disconnected
If you restore the default configuration, you may need to change the IP address of your computer
to be in the same subnet as that of the default device IP address (192.168.1.1).
If the upload was not successful, an error screen will appear. Click OK to go back to the
Configuration screen.
22.3 The Reboot Screen
System restart allows you to reboot the LTE Device remotely without turning the power off. You
may need to do this if the LTE Device hangs, for example.
Click Maintenance > Reboot. Click the Reboot button to have the LTE Device reboot. This does
not affect the LTE Device's configuration.
Ta ble 59 Restore Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
File Path Click Browse ... to find the file.
Browse... Click this to find the file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress
compressed (.ZIP) files before you can upload them.
Upload Click this to begin the upload process.
Reset Click this to reset your device settings back to the factory default.
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CHAPTER 23
Remote Management
23.1 Overview
Remote management allows you to determine which services/protocols can access which LTE
Device interface (if any) from which computers.
The following figure shows remote management of the LTE Device coming in from the WAN.
Figure 92 Remote Management From the WAN
Note: When you configure remote management to allow management from the WAN, you
still need to configure a IP filter rule to allow access.
You may manage your LTE Device from a remote location via:
• Internet (WAN only)
•LAN only
•LAN and WAN
• None (Disable)
To disable remote management of a service, select Disable in the corresponding Service Access
field.
23.1.1 What You Can Do in the Remote Management Screens
•Use the WWW screen (Section 23.2 on page 133) to configure through which interfaces and
from which IP addresses users can use HTTP to manage the LTE Device.
•Use the Telnet screen (Section 23.3 on page 135) to configure through which interfaces and
from which IP addresses users can use Telnet to manage the LTE Device.
•Use the ICMP screen (Section 23.4 on page 135) to set whether or not your LTE Device will
respond to pings and probes for services that you have not made available.
LAN WAN
HTTP
Telnet
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•Use the SSH screen (Section 23.5 on page 136) to configure through which interfaces and from
which IP addresses users can use SSH to manage the LTE Device.
23.1.2 What You Need to Know About Remote Management
Remote Management Limitations
• Remote management does not work when:
• You have not enabled that service on the interface in the corresponding remote management
screen.
• You have disabled that service in one of the remote management screens.
• The IP address in the Secured Client IP Address field does not match the client IP address. If
it does not match, the LTE Device will disconnect the session immediately.
• There is a firewall rule that blocks it.
Remote Management and NAT
When NAT is enabled:
• Use the LTE Device’s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN.
• Use the LTE Device’s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN.
23.2 The WWW Screen
Use this screen to specify how to connect to the LTE Device from a web browser, such as Internet
Explorer.
23.2.1 Configuring the WWW Screen
Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT to display the WWW screen.
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Figure 93 Maintenance > Remote MGMT > WWW
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Ta ble 60 Maintenance > Remote MGMT > WWW
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Server Port This displays the service port number for accessing the LTE Device using HTTP or HTTPS.
If the number is grayed out, it is not editable.
Server Access Select the interfaces through which a computer may access the LTE Device using this
service.
Note: It is recommended if you are allowing WAN access even temporarily to change the
default password (in Maintenance > User Account). To allow access from the
WAN, you will need to configure a WAN to Router firewall rule.
Secured Client IP
Address
A secured client is a “trusted” computer that is allowed to communicate with the LTE
Device using this service.
Select All to allow any computer to access the LTE Device using this service.
Choose Range to just allow the computers with an IP address in the range that you
specify to access the LTE Device using this service.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
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23.3 Telnet Screen
You can use Telnet to access the Device’s command line interface. Specify which interfaces allow
Telnet access and from which IP address the access can come.
Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > Telnet tab to display the screen as shown.
Figure 94 Maintenance > Remote MGMT > Telnet
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
23.4 ICMP Screen
To change your LTE Device’s security settings, click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > ICMP. The
screen appears as shown.
Ta ble 61 Maintenance > Remote MGMT > Telnet
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Server Port This displays the service port number for accessing the LTE Device. If the number is
grayed out, it is not editable.
Server Access Select the interfaces through which a computer may access the LTE Device using this
service.
Note: It is recommended if you are allowing WAN access even temporarily to change the
default password (in Maintenance > User Account). To allow access from the
WAN, you will need to configure a WAN to Router firewall rule.
Secured Client IP
Address
A secured client is a “trusted” computer that is allowed to communicate with the LTE
Device using this service.
Select All to allow any computer to access the LTE Device using this service.
Choose Range to just allow the computers with an IP address in the range that you
specify to access the LTE Device using this service.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
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If an outside user attempts to probe an unsupported port on your LTE Device, an ICMP response
packet is automatically returned. This allows the outside user to know the LTE Device exists. Your
LTE Device supports anti-probing, which prevents the ICMP response packet from being sent. This
keeps outsiders from discovering your LTE Device when unsupported ports are probed.
Note: If you want your device to respond to pings and requests for unauthorized services,
you will also need to configure the firewall accordingly by disabling SPI.
Figure 95 Maintenance > Remote MGMT > ICMP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
23.5 SSH Screen
You can use Secure SHell (SSH) to securely access the Device’s command line interface. Specify
which interfaces allow SSH access and from which IP address the access can come. SSH is a secure
communication protocol that combines authentication and data encryption to provide secure
encrypted communication between two hosts over an unsecured network.
Click Maintenance > Remote MGMT > SSH tab to display the screen as shown.
Ta ble 62 Maintenance > Remote MGMT > ICMP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Respond to Ping on The LTE Device will not respond to any incoming Ping requests when Disable is
selected. Select LAN to reply to incoming LAN Ping requests. Select WAN to reply to
incoming WAN Ping requests. Otherwise select LAN & WAN to reply to both incoming
LAN and WAN Ping requests.
Secured Client IP
Address
A secured client is a “trusted” computer that is allowed to send Ping requests to the LTE
Device.
Select All to allow any computer to send Ping requests to the LTE Device.
Choose Range to just allow the computers with an IP address in the range that you
specify to send Ping requests to the LTE Device.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
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Figure 96 Maintenance > Remote MGMT > SSH
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
23.5.1 SSH Example
This section shows an example using a graphical interface SSH client program to remotely access
the ZyXEL device. The configuration and connection steps are similar for most SSH client programs.
Refer to your SSH client program user’s guide.
1Enter the IP address and port number. Select SSH.
Ta ble 63 Maintenance > Remote MGMT > SSH
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Server Port This displays the service port number for accessing the LTE Device. If the number is
grayed out, it is not editable.
Server Access Select the interfaces through which a computer may access the LTE Device using this
service.
Note: It is recommended if you are allowing WAN access even temporarily to change the
default password (in Maintenance > User Account). To allow access from the
WAN, you will need to configure a WAN to Router firewall rule.
Secured Client IP
Address
A secured client is a “trusted” computer that is allowed to communicate with the LTE
Device using this service.
Select All to allow any computer to access the LTE Device using this service.
Choose Range to just allow the computers with an IP address in the range that you
specify to access the LTE Device using this service.
Apply Click this to save your changes.
Cancel Click this to restore your previously saved settings.
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2 A window displays prompting you to store the host key in your computer. Click Yes to continue.
3Enter your user name and password.
4The command line interface displays.
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CHAPTER 24
Diagnostic
24.1 Overview
You can use different diagnostic methods to test a connection and see the detailed information.
These read-only screens display information to help you identify problems with the LTE Device.
24.2 The Ping/TraceRoute Screen
Ping and traceroute help check availability of remote hosts and also help troubleshoot network or
Internet connections. Click Maintenance > Diagnostic to open the Ping/TraceRoute screen
shown next.
Figure 97 Maintenance > Diagnostic > Ping/TraceRoute
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Ta ble 64 Maintenance > Diagnostic > Ping/TraceRoute
LABEL DESCRIPTION
PingV4 Type the IPv4 address of a computer that you want to ping in order to test a connection. Click
PingV4 and the ping statistics will show in the diagnostic .
PingV6 Type the IPv6 address of a computer that you want to ping in order to test a connection. Click
PingV6 and the ping statistics will show in the diagnostic .
TraceRouteV4 Click this button to perform the IPv4 traceroute function. This determines the path a packet
takes to the specified host.
TraceRouteV6 Click this button to perform the IPv6 traceroute function. This determines the path a packet
takes to the specified host.
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CHAPTER 25
Troubleshooting
25.1 Overview
This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential
problems are divided into the following categories.
•Power and Hardware Connections
•LTE Device Access and Login
•Internet Access
•Phone Calls and VoIP
•UPnP
25.2 Power and Hardware Connections
The LTE Device does not turn on.
1Make sure the LTE Device is turned on.
2Make sure you are using the power adaptor or cord included with the LTE Device.
3Make sure the power adaptor or cord is connected to the LTE Device and plugged in to an
appropriate power source. Make sure the power source is turned on.
4Turn the LTE Device off and on.
5If the problem continues, contact the vendor.
25.3 LTE Device Access and Login
I forgot the IP address for the LTE Device.
1The default IP address is 192.168.1.1.
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2If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, you might get the IP address of the LTE Device
by looking up the IP address of the default gateway for your computer. To do this in most Windows
computers, click Start > Run, enter cmd, and then enter ipconfig. The IP address of the Default
Gateway might be the IP address of the LTE Device (it depends on the network), so enter this IP
address in your Internet browser.
3If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults.
I forgot the password.
1The default admin password is 1234 and the default user password is 1234.
2If you can’t remember the password, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults.
I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web configurator.
1Make sure you are using the correct IP address.
• The default protocol is https, and the default IP address is 192.168.1.1.
• If you changed the IP address ( page 40), use the new IP address.
• If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, see the troubleshooting suggestions for I
forgot the IP address for the LTE Device.
2Check the hardware connections, see the Quick Start Guide.
3Make sure your Internet browser does not block pop-up windows and has JavaScript and Java
enabled.
4Reset the device to its factory defaults, and try to access the LTE Device with the default IP
address.
5If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced
suggestions.
Advanced Suggestions
• Try to access the LTE Device using another service, such as Telnet. If you can access the LTE
Device, check the remote management settings and firewall rules to find out why the LTE Device
does not respond to HTTPS.
I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the LTE Device.
1Make sure you have entered the user name and password correctly. The default user name is
admin. These fields are case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.
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2You cannot log in to the web configurator while someone is using Telnet to access the LTE Device.
Log out of the LTE Device in the other session, or ask the person who is logged in to log out.
3Turn the LTE Device off and on.
4If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 25.2 on page
141.
I cannot Telnet to the LTE Device.
See the troubleshooting suggestions for I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web
configurator. Ignore the suggestions about your browser.
25.4 Internet Access
I cannot access the Internet.
1Check the hardware.
2Make sure you entered your ISP account information correctly. These fields are case-sensitive, so
make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.
3Disconnect all the cables from your device, and follow the directions in the Quick Start Guide again.
4If the problem continues, contact your ISP.
I cannot access the Internet anymore. I had access to the Internet (with the LTE Device), but
my Internet connection is not available anymore.
1Check the hardware connections.
2Turn the LTE Device off and on.
3If the problem continues, contact your ISP.
The Internet connection is slow or intermittent.
1There might be a lot of traffic on the network. If the LTE Device is sending or receiving a lot of
information, try closing some programs that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications.
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2Turn the LTE Device off and on.
3If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor.
25.5 Phone Calls and VoIP
The telephone port won’t work or the telephone lacks a dial tone.
1Check the telephone connections and telephone wire.
I can access the Internet, but cannot make VoIP calls.
1You can also check the VoIP status in the System Info screen.
2If the VoIP settings are correct, use speed dial to make peer-to-peer calls. If you can make a call
using speed dial, there may be something wrong with the SIP server, contact your VoIP service
provider.
25.6 UPnP
When using UPnP and the LTE Device reboots, my computer cannot detect UPnP and refresh
My Network Places > Local Network.
1Disconnect the Ethernet cable from the LTE Device’s LAN port or from your computer.
2Re-connect the Ethernet cable.
The Local Area Connection icon for UPnP disappears in the screen.
Restart your computer.
I cannot open special applications such as white board, file transfer and video when I use the
MSN messenger.
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1Wait more than three minutes.
2Restart the applications.
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APPENDIX A
Customer Support
In the event of problems that cannot be solved by using this manual, you should contact your
vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a ZyXEL office for the region in which you
bought the device.
See http://www.zyxel.com/homepage.shtml and also
http://www.zyxel.com/about_zyxel/zyxel_worldwide.shtml for the latest information.
Please have the following information ready when you contact an office.
Required Information
• Product model and serial number.
• Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
Corporate Headquarters (Worldwide)
Taiwan
• ZyXEL Communications Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com
Asia
China
• ZyXEL Communications (Shanghai) Corp.
ZyXEL Communications (Beijing) Corp.
ZyXEL Communications (Tianjin) Corp.
• http://www.zyxel.cn
India
• ZyXEL Technology India Pvt Ltd
• http://www.zyxel.in
Kazakhstan
•ZyXEL Kazakhstan
Appendix A Customer Support
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• http://www.zyxel.kz
Korea
• ZyXEL Korea Corp.
• http://www.zyxel.kr
Malaysia
• ZyXEL Malaysia Sdn Bhd.
• http://www.zyxel.com.my
Pakistan
• ZyXEL Pakistan (Pvt.) Ltd.
• http://www.zyxel.com.pk
Philippines
• ZyXEL Philippines
• http://www.zyxel.com.ph
Singapore
• ZyXEL Singapore Pte Ltd.
• http://www.zyxel.com.sg
Taiwan
• ZyXEL Communications Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/tw/zh/
Thailand
• ZyXEL Thailand Co., Ltd
• http://www.zyxel.co.th
Vietnam
• ZyXEL Communications Corporation-Vietnam Office
• http://www.zyxel.com/vn/vi
Europe
Austria
• ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH
• http://www.zyxel.de
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Belarus
•ZyXEL BY
• http://www.zyxel.by
Belgium
• ZyXEL Communications B.V.
• http://www.zyxel.com/be/nl/
• http://www.zyxel.com/be/fr/
Bulgaria
•ZyXEL България
• http://www.zyxel.com/bg/bg/
Czech Republic
• ZyXEL Communications Czech s.r.o
• http://www.zyxel.cz
Denmark
• ZyXEL Communications A/S
• http://www.zyxel.dk
Estonia
•ZyXEL Estonia
• http://www.zyxel.com/ee/et/
Finland
• ZyXEL Communications
• http://www.zyxel.fi
France
•ZyXEL France
• http://www.zyxel.fr
Germany
• ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH
• http://www.zyxel.de
Hungary
• ZyXEL Hungary & SEE
• http://www.zyxel.hu
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Italy
• ZyXEL Communications Italy
• http://www.zyxel.it/
Latvia
•ZyXEL Latvia
• http://www.zyxel.com/lv/lv/homepage.shtml
Lithuania
• ZyXEL Lithuania
• http://www.zyxel.com/lt/lt/homepage.shtml
Netherlands
•ZyXEL Benelux
• http://www.zyxel.nl
Norway
• ZyXEL Communications
• http://www.zyxel.no
Poland
• ZyXEL Communications Poland
• http://www.zyxel.pl
Romania
•ZyXEL Romania
• http://www.zyxel.com/ro/ro
Russia
• ZyXEL Russia
• http://www.zyxel.ru
Slovakia
• ZyXEL Communications Czech s.r.o. organizacna zlozka
• http://www.zyxel.sk
Spain
• ZyXEL Communications ES Ltd
• http://www.zyxel.es
Sweden
• ZyXEL Communications
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150
• http://www.zyxel.se
Switzerland
•Studerus AG
• http://www.zyxel.ch/
Turkey
•ZyXEL Turkey A.S.
• http://www.zyxel.com.tr
UK
• ZyXEL Communications UK Ltd.
• http://www.zyxel.co.uk
Ukraine
•ZyXEL Ukraine
• http://www.ua.zyxel.com
Latin America
Argentina
• ZyXEL Communication Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/ec/es/
Brazil
• ZyXEL Communications Brasil Ltda.
• https://www.zyxel.com/br/pt/
Ecuador
• ZyXEL Communication Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/ec/es/
Middle East
Israel
• ZyXEL Communication Corporation
• http://il.zyxel.com/homepage.shtml
Middle East
• ZyXEL Communication Corporation
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• http://www.zyxel.com/me/en/
North America
USA
• ZyXEL Communications, Inc. - North America Headquarters
• http://www.zyxel.com/us/en/
Oceania
Australia
• ZyXEL Communications Corporation
• http://www.zyxel.com/au/en/
Africa
South Africa
• Nology (Pty) Ltd.
• http://www.zyxel.co.za
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APPENDIX B
Legal Information
Copyright
Copyright © 2016 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into
any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it
convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any
products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.
Regulatory Notice and Statement
EUROPEAN UNION
The following information applies if you use the product within the European Union.
Declaration of Conformity with Regard to EU Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE Directive)
Compliance information for 2.4GHz and/or 5GHz wireless products relevant to the EU and other Countries following the EU Directive 1999/
5/EC (R&TTE)
Български
(Bulgarian) С настоящото ZyXEL декларира, че това оборудване е в съответствие със съществените изисквания и другите
приложими разпоредбите на Директива 1999/5/ЕC.
Español
(Spanish) Por medio de la presente ZyXEL declara que el equipo cumple con los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras
disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Čeština
(Czech) ZyXEL tímto prohlašuje, že tento zařízení je ve shodě se základními požadavky a dalšími příslušnými ustanoveními
směrnice 1999/5/EC.
Dansk (Danish) Undertegnede ZyXEL erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr udstyr overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante
krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Deutsch
(German) Hiermit erklärt ZyXEL, dass sich das Gerät Ausstattung in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen
und den übrigen einschlägigen Bestimmungen der Richtlinie 1999/5/EU befindet.
Eesti keel
(Estonian) Käesolevaga kinnitab ZyXEL seadme seadmed vastavust direktiivi 1999/5/EÜ põhinõuetele ja nimetatud direktiivist
tulenevatele teistele asjakohastele sätetele.
Ελληνικά
(Greek) ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑ ZyXEL ∆ΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΤΙ εξοπλισμός ΣΥΜΜΟΡΦΩΝΕΤΑΙ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΙΣ ΟΥΣΙΩ∆ΕΙΣ ΑΠΑΙΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ
ΛΟΙΠΕΣ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΕΣ ∆ΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ Ο∆ΗΓΙΑΣ 1999/5/ΕC.
English Hereby, ZyXEL declares that this device is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions
of Directive 1999/5/EC.
Français
(French) Par la présente ZyXEL déclare que l'appareil équipements est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres
dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/EC.
Hrvatski
(Croatian) ZyXEL ovime izjavljuje da je radijska oprema tipa u skladu s Direktivom 1999/5/EC.
Íslenska
(Icelandic) Hér með lýsir, ZyXEL því yfir að þessi búnaður er í samræmi við grunnkröfur og önnur viðeigandi ákvæði tilskipunar
1999/5/EC.
Italiano
(Italian) Con la presente ZyXEL dichiara che questo attrezzatura è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni
pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.
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LTE7410 User’s Guide
153
This device is restricted to indoor use only when operating in the 5150 to 5350 MHz frequency range.
National Restrictions
This product may be used in all EU countries (and other countries following the EU Directive 1999/5/EC) without any limitation except for
the countries mentioned below:
Ce produit peut être utilisé dans tous les pays de l’UE (et dans tous les pays ayant transposés la directive 1999/5/CE) sans aucune
limitation, excepté pour les pays mentionnés ci-dessous:
Questo prodotto è utilizzabile in tutte i paesi EU (ed in tutti gli altri paesi che seguono le direttiva 1999/5/EC) senza nessuna limitazione,
eccetto per i paesii menzionati di seguito:
Das Produkt kann in allen EU Staaten ohne Einschränkungen eingesetzt werden (sowie in anderen Staaten die der Richtlinie 1999/5/CE
folgen) mit Außnahme der folgenden aufgeführten Staaten:
In the majority of the EU and other European countries, the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands have been made available for the use of wireless
local area networks (LANs). Later in this document you will find an overview of countries in which additional restrictions or requirements
or both are applicable.
The requirements for any country may evolve. ZyXEL recommends that you check with the local authorities for the latest status of their
national regulations for both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz wireless LANs.
The following countries have restrictions and/or requirements in addition to those given in the table labeled “Overview of Regulatory
Requirements for Wireless LANs”:.
Belgium
The Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications (BIPT) must be notified of any outdoor wireless link having a range
exceeding 300 meters. Please check http://www.bipt.be for more details.
Draadloze verbindingen voor buitengebruik en met een reikwijdte van meer dan 300 meter dienen aangemeld te worden bij het Belgisch
Instituut voor postdiensten en telecommunicatie (BIPT). Zie http://www.bipt.be voor meer gegevens.
Les liaisons sans fil pour une utilisation en extérieur d’une distance supérieure à 300 mètres doivent être notifiées à l’Institut Belge des
services Postaux et des Télécommunications (IBPT). Visitez http://www.ibpt.be pour de plus amples détails.
Denmark
In Denmark, the band 5150 - 5350 MHz is also allowed for outdoor usage.
I Danmark må frekvensbåndet 5150 - 5350 også anvendes udendørs.
Italy
This product meets the National Radio Interface and the requirements specified in the National Frequency Allocation Table for Italy. Unless
this wireless LAN product is operating within the boundaries of the owner's property, its use requires a “general authorization.” Please
check http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/ for more details.
Questo prodotto è conforme alla specifiche di Interfaccia Radio Nazionali e rispetta il Piano Nazionale di ripartizione delle frequenze in
Italia. Se non viene installato all 'interno del proprio fondo, l'utilizzo di prodotti Wireless LAN richiede una “Autorizzazione Generale”.
Consultare http://www.sviluppoeconomico.gov.it/ per maggiori dettagli.
Latvia
The outdoor usage of the 2.4 GHz band requires an authorization from the Electronic Communications Office. Please check http://
www.esd.lv for more details.
Latviešu valoda
(Latvian) Ar šo ZyXEL deklarē, ka iekārtas atbilst Direktīvas 1999/5/EK būtiskajām prasībām un citiem ar to saistītajiem
noteikumiem.
Lietuvių kalba
(Lithuanian) Šiuo ZyXEL deklaruoja, kad šis įranga atitinka esminius reikalavimus ir kitas 1999/5/EB Direktyvos nuostatas.
Magyar
(Hungarian) Alulírott, ZyXEL nyilatkozom, hogy a berendezés megfelel a vonatkozó alapvetõ követelményeknek és az 1999/5/EK
irányelv egyéb elõírásainak.
Malti (Maltese) Hawnhekk, ZyXEL, jiddikjara li dan tagħmir jikkonforma mal-ħtiġijiet essenzjali u ma provvedimenti oħrajn relevanti li
hemm fid-Dirrettiva 1999/5/EC.
Nederlands
(Dutch) Hierbij verklaart ZyXEL dat het toestel uitrusting in overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de andere
relevante bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EC.
Polski (Polish) Niniejszym ZyXEL oświadcza, że sprzęt jest zgodny z zasadniczymi wymogami oraz pozostałymi stosownymi
postanowieniami Dyrektywy 1999/5/EC.
Português
(Portuguese) ZyXEL declara que este equipamento está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras disposições da Directiva
1999/5/EC.
Română
(Romanian) Prin prezenta, ZyXEL declară că acest echipament este în conformitate cu cerinţele esenţiale şi alte prevederi
relevante ale Directivei 1999/5/EC.
Slovenčina
(Slovak) ZyXEL týmto vyhlasuje, že zariadenia spĺňa základné požiadavky a všetky príslušné ustanovenia Smernice 1999/5/EC.
Slovenščina
(Slovene) ZyXEL izjavlja, da je ta oprema v skladu z bistvenimi zahtevami in ostalimi relevantnimi določili direktive 1999/5/EC.
Suomi
(Finnish) ZyXEL vakuuttaa täten että laitteet tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien
direktiivin muiden ehtojen mukainen.
Svenska
(Swedish) Härmed intygar ZyXEL att denna utrustning står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga egenskapskrav och övriga
relevanta bestämmelser som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EC.
Norsk
(Norwegian) Erklærer herved ZyXEL at dette utstyret er I samsvar med de grunnleggende kravene og andre relevante
bestemmelser I direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Appendix B Legal Information
LTE7410 User’s Guide
154
2.4 GHz frekvenèu joslas izmantoðanai ârpus telpâm nepiecieðama atïauja no Elektronisko sakaru direkcijas. Vairâk informâcijas: http://
www.esd.lv.
Notes:
1. Although Norway, Switzerland and Liechtenstein are not EU member states, the EU Directive 1999/5/EC has also been implemented in
those countries.
2. The regulatory limits for maximum output power are specified in EIRP. The EIRP level (in dBm) of a device can be calculated by adding
the gain of the antenna used(specified in dBi) to the output power available at the connector (specified in dBm).
List of national codes
Safety Warnings
• Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.
• Do not expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do not store things on the device.
• Do not install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do not open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY
qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Do not remove the plug and connect it to a power outlet by itself; always attach the plug to the power adaptor first before connecting
it to a power outlet.
• Do not allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor
or cord.
• Please use the provided or designated connection cables/power cables/ adaptors. Connect it to the right supply voltage (for example,
110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe). If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, it might cause electrocution. Remove it
from the device and the power source, repairing the power adapter or cord is prohibited. Contact your local vendor to order a new one.
• CAUTION: Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type, dispose of used batteries according to the instruction. Dispose
them at the applicable collection point for the recycling of electrical and electronic devices. For detailed information about recycling of
this product, please contact your local city office, your household waste disposal service or the store where you purchased the product.
• Do not obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device.
The following warning statements apply, where the disconnect device is not incorporated in the device or where the plug on the power
supply cord is intended to serve as the disconnect device,
• For permanently connected devices, a readily accessible disconnect device shall be incorporated external to the device;
• For pluggable devices, the socket-outlet shall be installed near the device and shall be easily accessible.
Environment Statement
ErP (Energy-related Products)
ZyXEL products put on the EU market in compliance with the requirement of the European Parliament and the Council published Directive
2009/125/EC establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products (recast), so called
COUNTRY ISO 3166 2 LETTER CODE COUNTRY ISO 3166 2 LETTER CODE
Austria AT Liechtenstein LI
Belgium BE Lithuania LT
Bulgaria BG Luxembourg LU
Croatia HR Malta MT
Cyprus CY Netherlands NL
Czech Republic CZ Norway NO
Denmark DK Poland PL
Estonia EE Portugal PT
Finland FI Romania RO
France FR Serbia RS
Germany DE Slovakia SK
Greece GR Slovenia SI
Hungary HU Spain ES
Iceland IS Switzerland CH
Ireland IE Sweden SE
Italy IT Turkey TR
Latvia LV United Kingdom GB
Appendix B Legal Information
LTE7410 User’s Guide
155
as "ErP Directive (Energy-related Products directive) as well as ecodesign requirement laid down in applicable implementing measures,
power consumption has satisfied regulation requirements which are:
Network standby power consumption < 12W, and/or
Off mode power consumption < 0.5W, and/or
Standby mode power consumption < 0.5W.
Wireless setting, please refer to "Wireless" chapter for more detail.
European Union - Disposal and Recycling Information
The symbol below means that according to local regulations your product and/or its battery shall be disposed of separately from domestic
waste. If this product is end of life, take it to a recycling station designated by local authorities. At the time of disposal, the separate
collection of your product and/or its battery will help save natural resources and ensure that the environment is sustainable development.
Die folgende Symbol bedeutet, dass Ihr Produkt und/oder seine Batterie gemäß den örtlichen Bestimmungen getrennt vom Hausmüll
entsorgt werden muss. Wenden Sie sich an eine Recyclingstation, wenn dieses Produkt das Ende seiner Lebensdauer erreicht hat. Zum
Zeitpunkt der Entsorgung wird die getrennte Sammlung von Produkt und/oder seiner Batterie dazu beitragen, natürliche Ressourcen zu
sparen und die Umwelt und die menschliche Gesundheit zu schützen.
El símbolo de abajo indica que según las regulaciones locales, su producto y/o su batería deberán depositarse como basura separada de la
doméstica. Cuando este producto alcance el final de su vida útil, llévelo a un punto limpio. Cuando llegue el momento de desechar el
producto, la recogida por separado éste y/o su batería ayudará a salvar los recursos naturales y a proteger la salud humana y
medioambiental.
Le symbole ci-dessous signifie que selon les réglementations locales votre produit et/ou sa batterie doivent être éliminés séparément des
ordures ménagères. Lorsque ce produit atteint sa fin de vie, amenez-le à un centre de recyclage. Au moment de la mise au rebut, la
collecte séparée de votre produit et/ou de sa batterie aidera à économiser les ressources naturelles et protéger l'environnement et la
santé humaine.
Il simbolo sotto significa che secondo i regolamenti locali il vostro prodotto e/o batteria deve essere smaltito separatamente dai rifiuti
domestici. Quando questo prodotto raggiunge la fine della vita di servizio portarlo a una stazione di riciclaggio. Al momento dello
smaltimento, la raccolta separata del vostro prodotto e/o della sua batteria aiuta a risparmiare risorse naturali e a proteggere l'ambiente
e la salute umana.
Symbolen innebär att enligt lokal lagstiftning ska produkten och/eller dess batteri kastas separat från hushållsavfallet. När den här
produkten når slutet av sin livslängd ska du ta den till en återvinningsstation. Vid tiden för kasseringen bidrar du till en bättre miljö och
mänsklig hälsa genom att göra dig av med den på ett återvinningsställe.
Appendix B Legal Information
LTE7410 User’s Guide
156
Environmental Product Declaration
Appendix B Legal Information
LTE7410 User’s Guide
157
台灣
以下訊息僅適用於產品具有無線功能且銷售至台灣地區
第十二條 經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司，商號或使用者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。
第十四條 低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。
前項合法通信，指依電信法規定作業之無線電通信。 低功率射頻電機須忍受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。
用 20cm 計算 MPE 能符合 1 mW/cm2
電磁波曝露量 MPE 標準值 1mW/cm2，送測產品實測值為： _XX_mW/cm2
無線資訊傳輸設備忍受合法通信之干擾且不得干擾合法通信；如造成干擾，應立即停用， 俟無干擾之虞，始得繼續使用。
無線資訊傳設備的製造廠商應確保頻率穩定性，如依製造廠商使用手冊上所述正常操作， 發射的信號應維持於操作頻帶中
以下訊息僅適用於產品操作於 5.25-5.35 秭赫頻帶內並銷售至台灣地區
• 在 5.25-5.35 秭赫頻帶內操作之無線資訊傳輸設備，限於室內使用。
以下訊息僅適用於產品屬於專業安裝並銷售至台灣地區
• 本器材須經專業工程人員安裝及設定，始得 設置使用，且不得直接販售給一般消費者
安全警告
為了您的安全，請先閱讀以下警告及指示 :
• 請勿將此產品接近水、火焰或放置在高溫的環境。
• 避免設備接觸任何液體 - 切勿讓設備接觸水、雨水、高濕度、污水腐蝕性的液體或其他水份。
• 灰塵及污物 - 切勿接觸灰塵、污物、沙土、食物或其他不合適的材料。
• 雷雨天氣時，不要安裝，使用或維修此設備。有遭受電擊的風險。
• 切勿重摔或撞擊設備，並勿使用不正確的電源變壓器。
• 若接上不正確的電源變壓器會有爆炸的風險。
• 請勿隨意更換產品內的電池。
• 如果更換不正確之電池型式，會有爆炸的風險，請依製造商說明書處理使用過之電池。
• 請將廢電池丟棄在適當的電器或電子設備回收處。
• 請勿將設備解體。
• 請勿阻礙設備的散熱孔，空氣對流不足將會造成設備損害。
• 請插在正確的電壓供給插座 ( 如 : 北美 / 台灣電壓 110V AC，歐洲是 230V AC)。
• 假若電源變壓器或電源變壓器的纜線損壞，請從插座拔除，若您還繼續插電使用，會有觸電死亡的風險。
• 請勿試圖修理電源變壓器或電源變壓器的纜線，若有毀損，請直接聯絡您購買的店家，購買一個新的電源變壓器。
• 請勿將此設備安裝於室外，此設備僅適合放置於室內。
• 請勿隨一般垃圾丟棄。
• 請參閱產品背貼上的設備額定功率。
• 請參考產品型錄或是彩盒上的作業溫度。
• 產品沒有斷電裝置或者採用電源線的插頭視為斷電裝置的一部分，以下警語將適用 :
－ 對永久連接之設備， 在設備外部須安裝可觸及之斷電裝置；
－ 對插接式之設備， 插座必須接近安裝之地點而且是易於觸及的。
Viewing Certifications
Go to http://www.zyxel.com to view this product’s documentation and certifications.
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in material or workmanship for a specific
period (the Warranty Period) from the date of purchase. The Warranty Period varies by region. Check with your vendor and/or the
authorized ZyXEL local distributor for details about the Warranty Period of this product. During the warranty period, and upon proof of
purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or
replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to
restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally
equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has
been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other
warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in
no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact your vendor. You may also refer to the warranty policy for the region in which you bought
the device at http://www.zyxel.com/web/support_warranty_info.php.
Appendix B Legal Information
LTE7410 User’s Guide
158
Registration
Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at
www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.
Open Source Licenses
This product contains in part some free software distributed under GPL license terms and/or GPL like licenses. Open source licenses are
provided with the firmware package. You can download the latest firmware at www.zyxel.com. To obtain the source code covered under
those Licenses, please contact support@zyxel.com.tw to get it.
Index
LTE7410 User’s Guide
159
Index
A
ACK message 109
ACS 121
administrator password 14
anti-probing 68
applications
Internet access 12
VoIP 12
Auto Configuration Server, see ACS 121
automatic logout 15
B
backup
configuration 130
Broadband 24
BYE request 109
C
CA 80
call hold 111
call rule 104
call service mode 110
call transfer 111
call waiting 111
certificate
factory default 83, 87, 89
certificates 80
CA 80
replacing 83, 87, 89
storage space 83, 87, 89
thumbprint algorithms 82
thumbprints 82
trusted CAs 84, 88, 90
verifying fingerprints 81
Certification Authority, see CA
certifications 154
viewing 157
client list 37
client-server protocol 106
comfort noise generation 92
configuration 39
backup 130
restoring 131
contact information 146
copyright 152
customer support 146
customized services 72, 73, 74
D
DDoS 67
default LAN IP address 14
Denials of Service, see DoS
DHCP 31, 39, 40, 64
diagnostic 140
disclaimer 152
DNS 31, 53
DNS server address assignment 29
documentation
related 2
domain name system, see DNS
Domain Name System. See DNS.
DoS 67
three-way handshake 75
thresholds 68, 75
DTMF 109
Dual-Tone MultiFrequency, see DTMF
dynamic DNS 64
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, see DHCP
DYNDNS wildcard 64
Index
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160
E
echo cancellation 92
Europe type call service mode 110
F
firewalls 66
actions 72
address types 72
anti-probing 68
customized services 72, 73, 74
DDoS 67
default action 69
DoS 67
thresholds 68, 75
ICMP 68
LAND attack 67
logs 72
P2P 76
Ping of Death 67
rules 77
security 78
SYN attack 67
three-way handshake 75
firmware 128
flash key 110
flashing 110
FTP 57
G
G.168 92
GRE VPN 89
Guide
Quick Start 2
H
host 120
host name 21
I
IANA 40
ICMP 68, 135
importing trusted CAs 84
install UPnP 41
Windows Me 41
Windows XP 42
Internet access 12
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
See IANA
Internet Control Message Protocol, see ICMP
IP address 40
default 14
WAN 24
IP pool 33
IP pool setup 40
ITU-T 92
L
L2TP VPN 87
LAN 30
client list 37
MAC address 38
LAN TCP/IP 40
LAND attack 67
listening port 97
Local Area Network, see LAN
login
passwords 14
logout 15
automatic 15
logs 126
firewalls 72
LTE 25
M
MAC 21
MAC address 38
managing the device
Index
LTE7410 User’s Guide
161
good habits 13
using FTP. See FTP.
Media Access Control, see MAC Address
model name 21
multimedia 105
N
NAT 40, 58
default server 60
definitions 61
DMZ host 60
how it works 62
remote management 133
what it does 62
Network Address Translation, see NAT
non-proxy calls 104
O
OK response 109
other documentation 2
P
P2P 76
passwords 14
peer-to-peer calls 104
phone book
speed dial 104
Ping of Death 67
probing, firewalls 68
PSTN call setup signaling 109
pulse dialing 109
Q
Quick Start Guide 2, 14
R
Real time Transport Protocol, see RTP
related documentation 2
remote management 132
ICMP 135
NAT 133
TR-069 121
WWW 133
Remote Procedure Calls, see RPCs 121
restart 131
restoring configuration 131
RFC 1631 56
RFC 1889 108
RFC 3164 113
router features 12
RPPCs 121
RTP 108
S
security
network 78
Security Parameter Index, see SPI
Session Initiation Protocol, see SIP
silence suppression 92
SIP 105
account 105
call progression 108
client 106
identities 105
INVITE request 109
number 105
proxy server 106
redirect server 107
register server 108
servers 106
service domain 105
URI 105
user agent 106
speed dial 104
SPI 67
static route 50
status 20
Index
LTE7410 User’s Guide
162
subnet mask 40
supplementary services 110
SYN attack 67
syslog
protocol 113
severity levels 113
system
firmware 128
passwords 14
status 20
System Info 21
system name 21
T
The 24
three-way conference 111
three-way handshake 75
thresholds
DoS 68, 75
P2P 76
TR-069 121
ACS setup 121
trusted CAs, and certificates 84, 88, 90
U
Uniform Resource Identifier 105
Universal Plug and Play, see UPnP
upgrading firmware 128
UPnP 39
forum 31
security issues 31
V
VAD 92
version
firmware
version 21
voice activity detection 92
voice coding 109
VoIP 105
features 12
peer-to-peer calls 104
VoIP features 12
VoIP status 118
W
WAN
Wide Area Network, see WAN 24
warranty 157
note 157
Web Configurator 14
web configurator
passwords 14